Yes / A full-scale composite floor plate was tested to investigate the flexural behavior and in-plane effects of the floor slab in a grillage of composite beams that reduces the tendency for longitudinal splitting of the concrete slab along the line of the primary beams. This is important in cases where the steel decking is discontinuous when it is orientated parallel to the beams. In this case, it is important to demonstrate that the amount of transverse reinforcement required to transfer local forces from the shear connectors can be reduced relative to the requirements of Eurocode 4. The mechanism under study involved in-plane compression forces being developed in the slab due to the restraining action of the floor plate, which was held in position by the peripheral composite beams; while the secondary beams acted as transverse ties to resist the forces in the floor plate that would otherwise lead to splitting of the slab along the line of the primary beams. The tendency for cracking along the center line of the primary beam and at the peripheral beams was closely monitored. This is the first large floor plate test that has been carried out under laboratory conditions since the Cardington tests in the early 1990s, although those tests were not carried out to failure. This floor plate test was designed so that the longitudinal force transferred by the primary beams was relatively high (i.e., it was designed for full shear connection), but the transverse reinforcement was taken as the minimum of 0.2% of the concrete area. The test confirmed that the primary beams reached their plastic bending resistance despite the discontinuous decking and transverse reinforcement at the minimum percentage given in Eurocode 4. Based on this test, a reduction factor due to shear connectors at edge beams without U-bars is proposed.

La modélisation numérique des réseaux de câbles est devenue une étape indispensable dans la phase de conception d’un projet afin de prédire les disfonctionnements dans les moyens de transport issus de l’augmentation des couplages électromagnétiques. La majorité des modèles repose sur des méthodes analytiques, qui sont certes rapides en comparaison avec les méthodes numériques 3D, mais en contrepartie sont limitées aux basses fréquences et aux géométries uniformes. De plus, des hypothèses concernant les conditions aux limites des conducteurs, comme les plans de masse infinis, sont souvent appliqués dans le but d’obtenir des formules analytiques simples C’est dans ce contexte, que nous avons envisagé l’amélioration de ces modèles en réduisant ces simplifications et ces hypothèses imposées au départ. A cet égard, nous avons développé dans un premier temps un modèle de ligne de transmission filaire qui consiste à prendre en compte les pertes par rayonnement en haute fréquence, la longueur finie et la géométrie non uniforme. Lors de cette étude, nous avons utilisé la théorie des lignes et deux méthodes numériques en l’occurrence les méthodes PEEC et TLST. Nous avons démontré pour le cas des risers que les coefficients de la méthode PEEC peuvent être obtenus analytiquement. Concernant notre deuxième axe de recherche, on s’est intéressé à la modélisation des conduits métalliques notamment les plans de masse finis et les goulottes. Ces derniers ont été modélisés avec un ensemble de câbles. Une étude expérimentale a été menée sur les effets induits par la goulotte sur la propagation des ondes électromagnétiques. Finalement, les résultats de nos modèles ont été validés expérimentalement avec des mesures. Une attention particulière a été portée sur l’effet des extrémités des lignes de transmission. / Considering the increasing awareness of the EM coupling issues inside aircraft and automotive engines, numerical modeling of cable harness networks is currently one of the most important steps in the design process of an engineering project. Most of the relevant softwares that deals with the cable topology simulation relies on the well-known analytical models such as the multiconductor transmission line theory. These techniques are better than the fullwave ones regarding the time calculation and the memory requirement. However, they are available only in the low frequency range because of the assumptions taken into account such as the uniform geometry and the infinite length of the wires. To overcome these restrictions and improve the existing solutions, we come up with a new high frequency model which is based on the transmission line theory and two numerical methods: PEEC and TLST. To keep the analytical approach of our model, we managed to get the analytical expressions of the PEEC’s partial elements. In this thesis, we were also interested by the cable raceways and cable trays. First of all, we developed a raceway model based on transmission line wires. Comparing our results with the FDTD ones, we noticed some differences especially in the high frequency range when the wire ends with the risers. Through an experimental study, we explained the behavior and the impact of these cables trays on the EM wave propagation. Finally, the results of our models have been validated with the measurements. Thanks to these experiments, we highlighted the fact that the termination of a wire has an important impact on the wave propagation.