published_or_final_version / Business Administration / Master / Master of Business Administration

by Leung Ada Nga Ting, Tsang Hin Kwok. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-104). / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.vi / LIST OF APPENDICES --- p.viii / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.ix / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter II. --- NEW WORLD DEVELOPMENT CO. LTD --- p.3 / Introduction --- p.3 / Thesis --- p.3 / Company Background --- p.5 / Entrance into the Power/Infrastructure Business --- p.8 / The Spin-off of New World Infrastructure Ltd. (NWIL) --- p.9 / The Group's Strategy On Its Infrastructure Investments --- p.13 / Major Dates / Events --- p.14 / Analysis --- p.17 / New World's Project-Financing Structure --- p.17 / "Possible Reasons Underlying The ""Suboptimal"" Project-Financing Structure" --- p.19 / Strong Financial Affordability --- p.20 / Lack Of Access To External Project Debt Financing --- p.20 / Policy Not Welcome Use Of External Debt --- p.22 / The Structure Is Really Not So Suboptimal After All --- p.23 / Infrastructure Development As Only A Chinese Investment Vehicle --- p.24 / A Very Unique Set Of Arrangements At The Project Level --- p.34 / Extension Of Joint Venture Terms --- p.35 / PRC Joint Venture Partner Directly Bears The Losses Suffered By The Group --- p.35 / Renegotiation Of Revenue Terms To Ensure Repayment Schedule --- p.36 / Priority & Guaranteed Repayment Schedule On New World's Principal And Interest Payments --- p.36 / Limited Or No Responsibilities For Cost Overruns Or Delays --- p.39 / Guaranteed Minimum Revenues --- p.40 / Market Interpretations Of New World's Infrastructure Venture --- p.41 / Conclusions --- p.43 / A Final Assessment --- p.44 / Concluding Words --- p.45 / Chapter III. --- HUANENG POWER INTERNATIONAL INC --- p.47 / Introduction --- p.47 / Thesis --- p.47 / Company Background --- p.48 / HIPDC --- p.48 / The Formation of HPI --- p.48 / The Reorganization of HPI --- p.50 / Asset Transfer --- p.51 / Debt Transfer --- p.51 / Combined Offering (IPO) --- p.52 / Post-Offering Ownership --- p.53 / Major Events --- p.55 / Analysis --- p.57 / The New Tariff Setting Regulatory Policy And Its Advantages --- p.57 / Old Tariff Structure --- p.57 / New Tariff Structure --- p.58 / Tariff Rate Tied Into The Net Fixed Assets --- p.59 / The Result Of The NFA-Tied Rate Calculation --- p.61 / Other Features Of The Pricing Policy Include The Following: --- p.62 / A Capital Structure That Reduces Risk --- p.62 / Reviewing The Performance of HPI --- p.65 / An Analysis of The Performance of HPI's Stock Price --- p.65 / No Dividends Policy --- p.65 / Lack Of Confidence In The Chinese Government --- p.65 / Environmental Factors --- p.66 / Financing Good News --- p.66 / Downward Revisions In Earnings Forecasts --- p.67 / Conclusions --- p.68 / Concluding Words --- p.69 / Chapter IV. --- "SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS" --- p.70 / APPENDICES --- p.73 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.95

Thesis (M. Hous. M.)--University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.Hous.M.)--University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.

The purpose of the bulk infrastructure potential cost model is to provide a tool for planners to ensure the incorporation of bulk infrastructure cost considerations into the early, land suitability assessment phase of the integrated development planning process. In practice, infrastructure planning has generally tended to follow land use planning with infrastructure costs seeming to play no role in the generation of land use strategies. The output of the model is in the form of potential cost maps which facilitates the relative comparison of infrastructure costs for different density scenarios. Bulk engineering services infrastructure relating to water, sanitation and electricity have been included in the model. The theoretical underpinning of the model is threshold analysis. There are three essential elements of the bulk infrastructure cost model: threshold, density and cost. The manner in which the three pillars are incorporated into the model is through capacity analysis. The density levels set, convert into the number of additional person units required, which in turn translate into infrastructure capacity demand. Existing infrastructure network and facility design capacities are compared with current utilisation of infrastructure in order to quantify the capacity supply situation. The comparison of capacity demand with capacity supply determines whether or not additional infrastructure is required. If infrastructure is required, the required infrastructure investment is calculated. The resulting relative costs are mapped and incorporated into a wider land suitability assessment model to identify suitable land for low income residential development. The models are contextualised as Spatial Planning Support Systems, supporting a specific planning problem, with a strong spatial component, incorporating a multicriteria evaluation and cost model and being loosely-coupled with GIS. It is shown that although bulk infrastructure potential costs can be incorporated into the land suitability assessment process to enhance the land delivery decision making process, it is preferable to keep the cost analysis separate from the analysis of the more "softer" issues. Conclusion are made in relation to a number of key developmental issues: the sprawl/densification debate, land and housing policy issues, sustainability, integration, affordability and bulk services contribution rates. / Geography / D. (Philosophy)

Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2011. / Please refer to full text to view abstract.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2011. / Public private partnerships (PPP) are a critical driving force in the landscape of infrastructure projects in the world. South Africa’s adaptation of the PPP guidelines is therefore encouraging as it provides a framework for government and business to partner together in the delivery of basic infrastructure services to the public. Many challenges have been experienced in the South African PPP fraternity that have contributed to the stagnation of value-adding projects being implemented. In spite of these challenges, some developed countries have successfully implemented PPP projects which have concomitantly presented opportunities and lessons that South Africa can draw from. This research study investigates the fundamental causes of the challenges present in the South African PPP market and seeks to employ practical solutions in addressing these. The challenges have been widespread and include: the management of risk and how to account for risk; negotiations and the manner in which the procurement phase is operated in PPP projects; drafting of sound policies; the various complexities that exist within concession agreements; internal capacity constraints within the PPP Unit; lack of capacity and skills within government entities and political interference. Several vulnerabilities also exist in the bidding process of many countries and if these are not properly addressed by the advisors and institutions concerned, these could potentially delay the entire procurement phase. PPPs should be seen as a catalyst for providing basic infrastructure services that have the intent of improving the quality of lives for ordinary citizens. This, however, will only be successfully addressed once key success factors and lessons are drawn from other international markets that have demonstrated experience and skill in the implementation of PPPs. Three case studies, namely, the Gautrain Rapid Railway Link; the PPP between the Eastern Cape Department of Health and Life Healthcare Group in the Humansdorp district and the Inkosi Albert Luthuli Hospital, have been investigated to extrapolate key findings and research findings from the procurement aspects of these projects. With the increase of PPP projects in South Africa, more research also needs to be conducted in putting together a standardisation pack for some of the replicated projects. These would include accommodation and road projects, as many of these have been done previously. Lessons from these projects should be drawn to formulate sound guidelines for stakeholders. Government also has an equal responsibility to play in ensuring that it promotes private sector involvement during the procurement phase by creating an enabling environment which is fair to bidders and which allows for prompt decision making. Principle agent problem continues to be a threat to the perception of PPPs as the private sector’s objective is often different from that of government. It is therefore important that a healthy balance between government’s socio-economic objectives and the profit-maximising objective of the private sector is met. For the public sector thiS means not neglecting society’s needs, but at the same time not under-budgeting the unitary payment of the private sector. If South Africa ought to remain globally competitive and ahead of its emerging market counterparts, there needs to be a complete change of priorities regarding the type of PPPs implemented and government also needs to remain committed and co-operative in the decision-making process.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Expansion of electricity generation and transmission infrastructure in Sub-Saharan Africa is on a very slow path compared to the demand and is by far lower than the potential demand. The projects needed to bridge the gap demand high capital input from the project sponsors. Securing finance to bring the generation expansion and new transmission line project into operation is difficult for utilities from small economies. The study contained in this document intends to investigate the difficulties faced by utilities to secure funding as they make efforts to meet the demand for electricity in their own countries and contribute to the regional electricity supply. Often projects are delayed because utilities have not fulfilled the strict requirements of the financial institutions. The research is limited to the two utilities and a sample of the development finance institutions that traditionally support these two countries with facilities for development. Data was collected from senior officials of the utilities and institutions involves using questionnaire and interview questions and analysed using statistical tools and inductive methods. The difficulties were divided into four major themes were found through the study. These are economic issues, financial issues, capacity issues and governance issues. The utilities need to be assisted in order to deal with these difficulties. The industry needs reforms are to truly liberalise it and allow other players in particular the private sector to participate in power generation. The impact of this would be the relaxation of the entry barriers for independent power producers and a better framework for public private partnerships.

Thesis (MDF)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Nigerian economy has suffered huge infrastructure deficits since her independence in 1960, thereby limiting economic growth potential of the country considerably. This research conducted a Granger causality test between Real Gross Domestic Product, infrastructure investment and productivity across manufacturing, agriculture and industrial sectors in Nigeria for the period 1981 – 2012 using multivariate vector error correction model. The co integration test shows that there is a long run relationship between infrastructure investment and economic growth at both at 1 percent and 5 percent levels of significance. Further, the granger causality test indicated a one way causal relationship between infrastructure investments and economic growth in Nigeria running from infrastructure investment to Real Gross Domestic Product growth. We equally established a one way causality relationship between agriculture sector productivity and gross domestic product growth, a one way causal relationship between manufacturing sector productivity and Real Gross Domestic Product growth and a very significant one way causal relationship that runs from infrastructural investment to agriculture sector productivity, all running from the former to the latter. The economic implication of this is that the existing level of infrastructure investment in Nigeria is a significant contributing factor to growth in the level of rea gross domestic product. However, despite the sustained real gross domestic product growth, the Nigerian government has been unable to translate this growth to physical infrastructure development. We conclude that in order to achieve the double digit economic growth needed for a comprehensive economic transformation of Nigeria, the Nigerian government needs to accord greater priority to infrastructure development, particularly in the agricultural and manufacturing sectors.

published_or_final_version / Electrical and Electronic Engineering / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy