S’inscrivant dans le champ de l’histoire des relations culturelles internationales, cette thèse analyse de manière comparatiste l’élaboration d’une diplomatie culturelle par l’Argentine, le Brésil et le Chili dans la période de l’entre-deux-guerres, en s’appuyant sur des organismes de coopération intellectuelle à vocation internationale ou régionale. Notre but est de montrer comment, à partir des toiles tissées par les différentes structures et dynamiques de la coopération intellectuelle, internationale, continentale ou latino-américaine, l’Argentine, le Brésil et le Chili ont forgé les instruments d’une diplomatie culturelle et ont bâti une certaine image d’eux-mêmes sur la scène internationale. Cette thèse vise à montrer que les initiatives argentine, brésilienne et chilienne sur le terrain de la diplomatie culturelle ne prennent corps et sens que dans la mesure où elles s’insèrent dans des dynamiques qui dépassent leurs frontières.Dans le cadre d’une étude sur la diplomatie culturelle, qui implique que le pays qui en fait usage ait une image à proposer sur la scène internationale, la question de l’identité nationale est au cœur de la réflexion. Nous nous inscrivons donc dans une perspective qui relève tout autant de l’histoire des relations internationales que de l’histoire culturelle, aux confins des débats sur l’identité nationale et sur la définition de la politique étrangère. / Contributing to the field of history of international cultural relations, this thesis proposes a comparative analysis of the engagement in cultural diplomacy by Argentina, Brazil and Chile in the period between the two World Wars. This surge in cultural diplomacy relied upon organizations for intellectual cooperation, both on an international and regional level. The goal of this work is to show how, from various networks embedded in the structures and dynamics of international, continental and Latin American intellectual cooperation, Argentina, Brazil and Chile forged deliberate instruments of cultural diplomacy and constructed a certain image of themselves on the international scene. This thesis aims to show that these initiatives in cultural diplomacy could neither have happened nor acquired their importance without being part of larger dynamics transcending their own national borders. At the heart of any reflection on cultural diplomacy and its concern with projections of national images into international settings is the question of national identity. Therefore, the work takes a perspective that is as much part of history of international relations as it is cultural history, retracing the frontier of debates on national identity and the definition of foreign policy.

A presente dissertação se propõe a analisar a política brasileira de propaganda e difusão cultural entre os anos de 1937 e 1945, isto é, durante o regime autoritário do Estado Novo. Como objetos de estudo, elegemos as atividades do Departamento de Imprensa e Propaganda e da Divisão de Cooperação Intelectual do Itamaraty, com ênfase no uso dos principais veículos de comunicação da época. De modo complementar, abordamos a influência da Política de Boa Vizinhança nas Américas e as viagens ao estrangeiro de artistas e intelectuais nacionais. Nosso objetivo é provar que, nesse período, o Brasil desenvolveu uma política sistemática de promoção da cultura nacional, visando exportar a imagem de um país em ascensão imagem, essa, correspondente às aspirações brasileiras de desenvolvimento e afirmação junto às grandes nações do mundo. / The aim of this dissertation is to analyse the Brazilian policy on propaganda and cultural promotion between 1937 and 1945, i.e. during the authoritarian regime known as Estado Novo. As objects of study, I elected the activities of the Departamento de Imprensa e Propaganda and those of the Divisão de Cooperação Intelectual do Itamaraty, emphasising the usage of the main communication media of the time. Complementarily, I examine the influence of the Good Neighbour Policy in the Americas and the travels abroad of Brazilian artists and intellectuals. My objective is to demonstrate that in that period Brazil developed a systematic policy that intended to promote its national culture and to export the image of a country in ascension an image that corresponded to its aspirations of development and insertion amongst the powerful nations of the world.

A presente dissertação se propõe a analisar a política brasileira de propaganda e difusão cultural entre os anos de 1937 e 1945, isto é, durante o regime autoritário do Estado Novo. Como objetos de estudo, elegemos as atividades do Departamento de Imprensa e Propaganda e da Divisão de Cooperação Intelectual do Itamaraty, com ênfase no uso dos principais veículos de comunicação da época. De modo complementar, abordamos a influência da Política de Boa Vizinhança nas Américas e as viagens ao estrangeiro de artistas e intelectuais nacionais. Nosso objetivo é provar que, nesse período, o Brasil desenvolveu uma política sistemática de promoção da cultura nacional, visando exportar a imagem de um país em ascensão imagem, essa, correspondente às aspirações brasileiras de desenvolvimento e afirmação junto às grandes nações do mundo. / The aim of this dissertation is to analyse the Brazilian policy on propaganda and cultural promotion between 1937 and 1945, i.e. during the authoritarian regime known as Estado Novo. As objects of study, I elected the activities of the Departamento de Imprensa e Propaganda and those of the Divisão de Cooperação Intelectual do Itamaraty, emphasising the usage of the main communication media of the time. Complementarily, I examine the influence of the Good Neighbour Policy in the Americas and the travels abroad of Brazilian artists and intellectuals. My objective is to demonstrate that in that period Brazil developed a systematic policy that intended to promote its national culture and to export the image of a country in ascension an image that corresponded to its aspirations of development and insertion amongst the powerful nations of the world.