Les romans graphiques contemporains abordent des thématiques intimistes telles que l’autobiographie et le récit de la vie quotidienne. Ils se confrontent aux problématiques de représentation de l’indicible, de l’intériorité qui résiste à la monstration directe face auxquelles ils doivent inventer des modalités de dévoilement qui ne risquent pas de dénaturer l’intime. Pour ce faire, les artistes ont fréquemment recours à des procédés propres à d’autres médias, ou à des références à ceux-ci, qui créent une brèche dans la narration et la figuration, et permettent de laisser entrevoir l’intime. Le théâtre, la photographie, le carnet de voyage et de croquis, la danse et le cinéma font fréquemment irruption au détour d’une case et vont même jusqu’à modifier en profondeur la forme des roman graphiques. Il s’agira, à travers un corpus d’une quarantaine d’œuvres espagnoles contemporaines, intimistes et intermédiales, d’analyser les modalités de représentation de l’intime, de redéfinir ses enjeux au XXIème siècle, et de démontrer que les références intermédiales permettent de réarticuler le texte et l’image dans le roman graphique pour le suggérer. La Critique des dispositifs et l’approche intermédiale constituent des outils pertinents pour examiner les différents niveaux d’imbrication entre les différents médias, et leurs incidences sur la figuration de l’intime. La porosité intermédiale du roman graphique interroge également son statut médiatique et sa place dans le panorama éditorial et culturel contemporain. Ses rapports avec la bande dessinée et le roman s’avèrent en effet ambigus, puisqu’ils oscillent entre rapprochement et différenciation, tantôt affirmant, tantôt remettant en question l’indépendance médiatique du roman graphique. Il s’agira donc de déterminer, au terme de ce travail, si ce dernier s’est établi en tant que série culturelle séparée de la bande dessinée, ou s’il s’inscrit encore dans une phase d’émergence. / Contemporary graphic novels address intimate themes such as autobiography and everyday life. They try to represent the unspeakable, the interiority that resists direct figuration, and they have to create modalities of disclosure that do not imply the distortion of intimacy. To do so, graphic novel artists often resort to strategies used by other media. They can also refer to them in order to cause a breach in the narrative and the figuration through which the reader can catch a glimpse of intimacy. Theater, photography, sketches or travelbooks, dance or cinema often break into the panel. They can even deeply modify the form of graphic novels. Analysing nearly forty intimate and intermedial contemporary Spanish graphic novels, this thesis studies the modalities of representation of intimacy. Moreover, it aims at defining its challenges in the 21st century. It also shows that intermedial references allow the artist to articulate the text and the image in a different way to suggest intimacy. Apparatus and intermediality theories turn out to be relevant tools to examine interconnection levels between different media, as well as their impact on the figuration of intimacy. The intermedial porosity of the graphic novel also questions its media status and its position in the contemporary editorial and cultural context. Its relations with the comic and the novel are ambiguous, since they oscillate between distancing and approaching. Moreover, on the one hand, they corroborate the mediatic independence of the graphic novel, while, on the other hand, they invalidate it. This thesis aims at finding out if the contemporary Spanish graphic novel is already established as a cultural series differentiated from the comic, or if it is still in an emerging stage. / Las novelas gráficas contemporáneas tratan temáticas intimistas, por ejemplo la autobiografía o el relato del día a día. Plantean cómo representar lo indecible, la interioridad que resiste a la figuración directa, y tienen que inventar modalidades de desvelamiento que no impliquen la desvirtuación de lo íntimo. Entonces, los artistas recurren con frecuencia a estrategias propias de otros medios, o se refieren a ellos para crear brechas en la narración y en la imagen a través de las cuáles lo íntimo se deja entrever. El teatro, la fotografía, el libro de bocetos y de viaje, la danza o el cine irrumpen a menudo en las viñetas, y hasta pueden modificar en profundidad la forma de las novelas gráficas. Este trabajo observa, en unas cuarenta obras españolas contemporáneas, intimistas e intermédiales, las modalidades de representación de lo íntimo, y define sus retos en el siglo XXI. Demuestra también que las referencias intermediales permiten articular de una manera distinta el texto y la imagen en la novela gráfica para sugerirlo. La Crítica de los dispositivos y las teorías intermediales resultan ser herramientas pertinentes para examinar los niveles de interconexión entre los distintos medios, y sus incidencias en la figuración de lo íntimo. La porosidad intermedial de la novela gráfica también pone en tela de juicio su estatuto mediático y su ubicación en el panorama editorial y cultural contemporáneo. Sus relaciones con el cómic y la novela son ambiguas, puesto que oscilan entre distanciamiento y acercamiento, y que, por un lado, corroboran la independencia mediática de la novela gráfica, y, por otro lado, la invalidan. Esta tesis intenta averiguar si la novela gráfica española contemporánea ya está asentada como serie cultural diferenciada del cómic, o si sigue involucrada en una fase de emergencia.

This dissertation explores the theme of drugs in Spanish, Colombian and Mexican cultural production. A first part of this investigation consists of establishing the historical contexts of these cultural products within their respective country. In a second part, I theorize about the space that characterizes the drug narratives. A third part consists of analyzing the important recurrent characters in these narratives and, based on this analysis, developing a descriptive catalogue of archetypes.

This dissertation explores the theme of drugs in Spanish, Colombian and Mexican cultural production. A first part of this investigation consists of establishing the historical contexts of these cultural products within their respective country. In a second part, I theorize about the space that characterizes the drug narratives. A third part consists of analyzing the important recurrent characters in these narratives and, based on this analysis, developing a descriptive catalogue of archetypes.

This dissertation explores the theme of drugs in Spanish, Colombian and Mexican cultural production. A first part of this investigation consists of establishing the historical contexts of these cultural products within their respective country. In a second part, I theorize about the space that characterizes the drug narratives. A third part consists of analyzing the important recurrent characters in these narratives and, based on this analysis, developing a descriptive catalogue of archetypes.

This dissertation explores the theme of drugs in Spanish, Colombian and Mexican cultural production. A first part of this investigation consists of establishing the historical contexts of these cultural products within their respective country. In a second part, I theorize about the space that characterizes the drug narratives. A third part consists of analyzing the important recurrent characters in these narratives and, based on this analysis, developing a descriptive catalogue of archetypes.