Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-02-22T11:44:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marta Maria Okamoto.pdf: 1418184 bytes, checksum: 9a41337daa677277340b25911d99f5d2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-22T11:44:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marta Maria Okamoto.pdf: 1418184 bytes, checksum: 9a41337daa677277340b25911d99f5d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study aims at revisiting the theory of Operative Groups and its author, Enrique Pichon-Rivière, the importance of working with groups in different settings, its power and the vigor of such resource. From his theory, we circumscribe the concept of internal group for the interesting definition linked to what each person carries with him/her from his/her life history, which is updated when entering a group. Having this conceptual framework in mind, we go through his writings, starting from the origins of the term group and going as far as the strong influence his theory had on the reality of the Brazilian mental health in the 1970s and 1980s. Going one step further past, we return to the first years of his life and we follow his living in the northern region of Argentina, predominantly inhabited by Guarani Indians. We enter the delicate and painful moments of his life, the first years in Buenos Aires, psychiatry, psychoanalysis, Marxism, his concern with the collective. We experience his form of creation, which is based on the need of coexisting articulation of theory and practice in a dialectical way. The choice for such a path is not random as Pichon- Rivière aligned his life with his theory, linking the striking facts he lived with the creation of his concepts, making his theory as the outcome of the story of a life. This reflection put together with the revision of the elements the Pichonian perspective identifies in the groups, can instrumentalize and enhance the practices and, at the same time, when brought to the present day, can reinforce the power and the place of the groups / Este estudo tem por objetivo revisitar a teoria dos Grupos Operativos e seu autor, Enrique Pichon-Rivière, a importância do trabalho com grupos em diferentes contextos, sua potência e o vigor de tal recurso. De sua teoria, circunscrevemos o conceito de grupo interno em função da interessante definição atrelada ao que cada sujeito carrega consigo de sua história de vida e que se atualiza quando adentra um grupo. Com este recorte conceitual, percorremos seus escritos, partindo da origem do termo grupo até chegarmos à forte influência de sua teoria na realidade da saúde mental brasileira nos anos de 1970 e 1980. Em uma volta ao passado mais distante, retomamos seus primeiros anos de vida e o acompanhamos vivendo na região norte da Argentina, predominantemente habitada por índios guaranis. Adentramos a momentos delicados e dolorosos de sua vida, os primeiros anos em Buenos Aires, a psiquiatria, a psicanálise, o marxismo, sua preocupação com o coletivo. Vivenciamos seu modo de criação, que se baseia na necessidade de coexistência da articulação da teoria com a prática de maneira dialética. A opção por tal traçado não é aleatória uma vez que Pichon-Rivière alinhava sua vida à sua teoria, enlaçando fatos marcantes vividos por ele à criação de seus conceitos, fazendo da teoria o resultado da história de uma vida. Esta reflexão somada à revisão dos elementos presentes nos grupos na perspectiva pichoniana pode instrumentalizar e enriquecer as práticas e, ao mesmo tempo, quando trazida para os dias atuais, pode reforçar a potência e o lugar dos grupos

Le sujet de cette recherche est la figurabilité de l’affect dans les groupes thérapeutiques avec la méthode Photolangage© et avec la méthode de psychodrame psychanalytique de groupe. L’objectif de cette recherche est de travailler sur l’articulation sujet-groupe afin de trouver les voies d’élaboration des expériences traumatiques des patients qui ont des difficultés à exprimer leurs émotions et à donner du sens aux événements de leur vie. Le groupe grâce à la diffraction du transfert et l’intersubjectivité propose des facettes identificatoires différentes au sujet pour accéder à une subjectivité propre. Les hypothèses que nous proposons sont liées à la fois à la subjectivation et aux caractéristiques techniques de chaque méthode qui essaie de travailler sur la figurabilité des affects et la mobilisation de l’imaginaire qui contribuerait à la liaison entre la représentation de choses et la représentations des mots. Les résultats de cette recherche montrent que le sujet commence à avoir accès à son monde interne à partir du moment où il restaure sa capacité de rêverie. Avec la figuration des groupes internes qui se diffractent sur le groupe, le sujet commence à reconstruire sa groupalité psychique tandis que la figurabilité de l’affect permet au sujet d’aborder ses expériences précoces et la méthode Photolangage© avec la photo comme support aux représentations, renforcerait les capacités méta-phorisantes des patients. Le psychodrame de l’autre côté avec le jeu dramatique propose un retour à l’infantile qui trouve une voie d’élaboration. Chaque méthode avec les caractéristiques qui lui sont propre, à la fois un objet concret, la photo et à la fois le jeu dramatique, utilisant comme fil rouge la diffraction de l’affect, l’associativité et l’intersubjectivité permettent au sujet d’élaborer davantage des vécus que jusqu’à ce moment restent irreprésentables. / This study presents the process of the figurability of the affect as it is expressed in group therapy by means of the Photolanguage© and the psychoanalytical psychodrama methods. The object of this study is the articulation subject-group in order to find the elaboration issues of traumatic experiences of patients having difficulties to express their emotions and give sense on happenings of their lives. Through the diffraction of the transfer and the intersubjectivity, the group proposes different and multiple identificative facets to the subject, which allows the access in a personal subjectivity. The technical characteristics of each method facilitate the figurability of the affect and the mobilisation of the imaginary, which contribute to the binding between thing-representation and word-representation. The findings of this research show that the subject begins to have access to its interior world when he restores his reverie capacity. With the figuration of internal groups that are diffracted into the group, the subject begins to reconstruct, rebuild its psychic groupality whereas the figurability of the affect allows him to approach its archaic experiences. The Photolanguage© method reinforces the meta-phoric capacities of the patient, using images as a support to representations. On the other hand, through the psychoanalytic psychodrama and the dramatic play, the experiences from the early childhood are emerging and they can be elaborated. The diffraction of the affect, the associativity and the intersubjectivity are the directive lines of both methods. Each of them, using either the image either the play, gives the opportunity to the subject to elaborate moments of its life which have been non representable till now.