O presente estudo pretende analisar a CISG a partir de sua dimensão publicista, resultando na sua identificação como aliada do Estado na efetivação dos objetivos da CF, descritos no art. 3º, I, construir uma sociedade livre, justa e solidária, e na promoção do seu desenvolvimento. Estudá-la como tratado permite compreendê-la como parte de um movimento transformador da atual sociedade internacional. Ressalte-se o fato de a maioria dos trabalhos concentrar-se no seu aspecto privatista, conferindo importância à presente pesquisa. Esta tem início na análise do seu preâmbulo, contendo seu espírito e objetivos, para então adentrar em sua parte dispositiva, examinando-se os obstáculos à harmonização, bem como os instrumentos para superá-los, destacando-se o art. 7º como guia interpretativo e a utilização da CISG em âmbito estatal. Nesse ponto, analisam-se os efeitos de sua incorporação interna, refletindo em sua adoção nos procedimentos licitatórios, pois, como parte do ordenamento interno, passa a ter natureza de lei ordinária, idêntica à Lei de Licitações A pesquisa apontou ser a CISG aliada do Estado na consecução dos objetivos constitucionais, refletindo sua utilização na promoção do bem comum e no desenvolvimento da sociedade. Ademais, a adesão do Brasil produz na parte estrangeira a legítima expectativa de que os contratos administrativos serão por ela regulados, reflexo do compromisso internacional assumido pelo país, sendo a CISG afastada nos seus próprios termos previstos para tal situação. A pesquisa revelou também sua consolidação como um dos documentos de maior alcance transfronteiriço, chegando a harmonizar, de forma bem sucedida, os sistemas de civil law e common law, sedimentando a existência de uma ordem internacional e flexibilizando a tradicional formação da normas unicamente pelo ente soberano. Ainda, efetiva as intenções previstas no preâmbulo, aproximando países e promovendo direitos mediante uma lei uniforme para a compra e venda internacional de mercadorias. / The present study intends to analyze the CISG from its publicist dimension, resulting in its identification as an ally of the State in the accomplishment of the objectives of the CF, described in art. 3, I, to build a free, fair and supportive society, and to promote its development. Studying it as a treaty enables it to be understood as part of a transformative movement in today's international society. It should be emphasized that most of the works focus on its private aspect, what gives an importance to the present research. It begins with an analysis of its preamble, containing its spirit and objectives, to focus in its operative part, examining the obstacles to harmonization, as well as the instruments to overcome them, highlighting art. 7 as an interpretive guide and the use of the CISG at the state level. At this point, the effects of its internal incorporation are analyzed, reflected in its adoption in the bidding procedures, since, as part of the internal order, it is now an ordinary law, identical to the Bidding Law The research pointed the CISG to be allied to the State in achieving the constitutional objectives, reflecting its use in promoting the common good and the development of society. In addition, the adhesion of Brazil produces in the foreign part the legitimate expectation that the administrative contracts will be regulated by it, a reflection of the international commitment assumed by the country, being the CISG removed in its own terms predicted for such situation. The research also revealed its consolidation as one of the most cross-border documents, successfully harmonizing the civil law and common law systems, consolidating the existence of an international order and being able to flexibilize the traditional formation of the norm only by the entity sovereign. It also makes the intentions of the preamble effective, approaching countries and promoting rights through the creation of a uniform law for the international sale of goods.

<p>The impact of trade policies on the pursuit of gender equality is often ignored. Recognising the link between trade and gender, this dissertation aims to enhance the capacity of policy-makers to mainstream gender in trade policy and to help identify ways for using trade to respond to women&rsquo / s needs in South Africa. In order to meet this objective, it analyses the impacts that trade liberalisation has had on the economy and on gender in general and in South Africa in particular. In addition, it evaluates the impacts on men and women in order to see if trade has contributed to reducing, accentuating or perpetuating gender inequality in South Africa. Findings have confirmed that Trade liberalisation has had both positive and negative impacts on women and men. But, they have also demonstrated that trade liberalisation has affected women and men differently having negative influences on the pursuit of gender equality. The research has, however, concluded that the impact of trade liberalisation on the pursuit of gender equality is influenced by other key factors. As strategy to mainstream gender in trade policies, the research suggests that policy-makers should analyse the implications for women and men of any trade policy before adopting such policy. This analysis would help him/her to see the possible imbalances of the new policy and implement policies and programmes to eradicate them. Also, it will help him/her to identify possible ways for using trade to empower women. The research is based on the idea that the elimination of the existing inequalities will put women at the same stage with men and will, therefore, contribute to women&rsquo / s empowerment in South Africa.</p>

<p>The impact of trade policies on the pursuit of gender equality is often ignored. Recognising the link between trade and gender, this dissertation aims to enhance the capacity of policy-makers to mainstream gender in trade policy and to help identify ways for using trade to respond to women&rsquo / s needs in South Africa. In order to meet this objective, it analyses the impacts that trade liberalisation has had on the economy and on gender in general and in South Africa in particular. In addition, it evaluates the impacts on men and women in order to see if trade has contributed to reducing, accentuating or perpetuating gender inequality in South Africa. Findings have confirmed that Trade liberalisation has had both positive and negative impacts on women and men. But, they have also demonstrated that trade liberalisation has affected women and men differently having negative influences on the pursuit of gender equality. The research has, however, concluded that the impact of trade liberalisation on the pursuit of gender equality is influenced by other key factors. As strategy to mainstream gender in trade policies, the research suggests that policy-makers should analyse the implications for women and men of any trade policy before adopting such policy. This analysis would help him/her to see the possible imbalances of the new policy and implement policies and programmes to eradicate them. Also, it will help him/her to identify possible ways for using trade to empower women. The research is based on the idea that the elimination of the existing inequalities will put women at the same stage with men and will, therefore, contribute to women&rsquo / s empowerment in South Africa.</p>

O presente estudo pretende analisar a CISG a partir de sua dimensão publicista, resultando na sua identificação como aliada do Estado na efetivação dos objetivos da CF, descritos no art. 3º, I, construir uma sociedade livre, justa e solidária, e na promoção do seu desenvolvimento. Estudá-la como tratado permite compreendê-la como parte de um movimento transformador da atual sociedade internacional. Ressalte-se o fato de a maioria dos trabalhos concentrar-se no seu aspecto privatista, conferindo importância à presente pesquisa. Esta tem início na análise do seu preâmbulo, contendo seu espírito e objetivos, para então adentrar em sua parte dispositiva, examinando-se os obstáculos à harmonização, bem como os instrumentos para superá-los, destacando-se o art. 7º como guia interpretativo e a utilização da CISG em âmbito estatal. Nesse ponto, analisam-se os efeitos de sua incorporação interna, refletindo em sua adoção nos procedimentos licitatórios, pois, como parte do ordenamento interno, passa a ter natureza de lei ordinária, idêntica à Lei de Licitações A pesquisa apontou ser a CISG aliada do Estado na consecução dos objetivos constitucionais, refletindo sua utilização na promoção do bem comum e no desenvolvimento da sociedade. Ademais, a adesão do Brasil produz na parte estrangeira a legítima expectativa de que os contratos administrativos serão por ela regulados, reflexo do compromisso internacional assumido pelo país, sendo a CISG afastada nos seus próprios termos previstos para tal situação. A pesquisa revelou também sua consolidação como um dos documentos de maior alcance transfronteiriço, chegando a harmonizar, de forma bem sucedida, os sistemas de civil law e common law, sedimentando a existência de uma ordem internacional e flexibilizando a tradicional formação da normas unicamente pelo ente soberano. Ainda, efetiva as intenções previstas no preâmbulo, aproximando países e promovendo direitos mediante uma lei uniforme para a compra e venda internacional de mercadorias. / The present study intends to analyze the CISG from its publicist dimension, resulting in its identification as an ally of the State in the accomplishment of the objectives of the CF, described in art. 3, I, to build a free, fair and supportive society, and to promote its development. Studying it as a treaty enables it to be understood as part of a transformative movement in today's international society. It should be emphasized that most of the works focus on its private aspect, what gives an importance to the present research. It begins with an analysis of its preamble, containing its spirit and objectives, to focus in its operative part, examining the obstacles to harmonization, as well as the instruments to overcome them, highlighting art. 7 as an interpretive guide and the use of the CISG at the state level. At this point, the effects of its internal incorporation are analyzed, reflected in its adoption in the bidding procedures, since, as part of the internal order, it is now an ordinary law, identical to the Bidding Law The research pointed the CISG to be allied to the State in achieving the constitutional objectives, reflecting its use in promoting the common good and the development of society. In addition, the adhesion of Brazil produces in the foreign part the legitimate expectation that the administrative contracts will be regulated by it, a reflection of the international commitment assumed by the country, being the CISG removed in its own terms predicted for such situation. The research also revealed its consolidation as one of the most cross-border documents, successfully harmonizing the civil law and common law systems, consolidating the existence of an international order and being able to flexibilize the traditional formation of the norm only by the entity sovereign. It also makes the intentions of the preamble effective, approaching countries and promoting rights through the creation of a uniform law for the international sale of goods.

O presente estudo pretende analisar a CISG a partir de sua dimensão publicista, resultando na sua identificação como aliada do Estado na efetivação dos objetivos da CF, descritos no art. 3º, I, construir uma sociedade livre, justa e solidária, e na promoção do seu desenvolvimento. Estudá-la como tratado permite compreendê-la como parte de um movimento transformador da atual sociedade internacional. Ressalte-se o fato de a maioria dos trabalhos concentrar-se no seu aspecto privatista, conferindo importância à presente pesquisa. Esta tem início na análise do seu preâmbulo, contendo seu espírito e objetivos, para então adentrar em sua parte dispositiva, examinando-se os obstáculos à harmonização, bem como os instrumentos para superá-los, destacando-se o art. 7º como guia interpretativo e a utilização da CISG em âmbito estatal. Nesse ponto, analisam-se os efeitos de sua incorporação interna, refletindo em sua adoção nos procedimentos licitatórios, pois, como parte do ordenamento interno, passa a ter natureza de lei ordinária, idêntica à Lei de Licitações A pesquisa apontou ser a CISG aliada do Estado na consecução dos objetivos constitucionais, refletindo sua utilização na promoção do bem comum e no desenvolvimento da sociedade. Ademais, a adesão do Brasil produz na parte estrangeira a legítima expectativa de que os contratos administrativos serão por ela regulados, reflexo do compromisso internacional assumido pelo país, sendo a CISG afastada nos seus próprios termos previstos para tal situação. A pesquisa revelou também sua consolidação como um dos documentos de maior alcance transfronteiriço, chegando a harmonizar, de forma bem sucedida, os sistemas de civil law e common law, sedimentando a existência de uma ordem internacional e flexibilizando a tradicional formação da normas unicamente pelo ente soberano. Ainda, efetiva as intenções previstas no preâmbulo, aproximando países e promovendo direitos mediante uma lei uniforme para a compra e venda internacional de mercadorias. / The present study intends to analyze the CISG from its publicist dimension, resulting in its identification as an ally of the State in the accomplishment of the objectives of the CF, described in art. 3, I, to build a free, fair and supportive society, and to promote its development. Studying it as a treaty enables it to be understood as part of a transformative movement in today's international society. It should be emphasized that most of the works focus on its private aspect, what gives an importance to the present research. It begins with an analysis of its preamble, containing its spirit and objectives, to focus in its operative part, examining the obstacles to harmonization, as well as the instruments to overcome them, highlighting art. 7 as an interpretive guide and the use of the CISG at the state level. At this point, the effects of its internal incorporation are analyzed, reflected in its adoption in the bidding procedures, since, as part of the internal order, it is now an ordinary law, identical to the Bidding Law The research pointed the CISG to be allied to the State in achieving the constitutional objectives, reflecting its use in promoting the common good and the development of society. In addition, the adhesion of Brazil produces in the foreign part the legitimate expectation that the administrative contracts will be regulated by it, a reflection of the international commitment assumed by the country, being the CISG removed in its own terms predicted for such situation. The research also revealed its consolidation as one of the most cross-border documents, successfully harmonizing the civil law and common law systems, consolidating the existence of an international order and being able to flexibilize the traditional formation of the norm only by the entity sovereign. It also makes the intentions of the preamble effective, approaching countries and promoting rights through the creation of a uniform law for the international sale of goods.

Magister Legum - LLM / The impact of trade policies on the pursuit of gender equality is often ignored. Recognising the link between trade and gender, this dissertation aims to enhance the capacity of policy-makers to mainstream gender in trade policy and to help identify ways for using trade to respond to women's needs in South Africa. In order to meet this objective, it analyses the impacts that trade liberalisation has had on the economy and on gender in general and in South Africa in particular. In addition, it evaluates the impacts on men and women in order to see if trade has contributed to reducing, accentuating or perpetuating gender inequality in South Africa. Findings have confirmed that Trade liberalisation has had both positive and negative impacts on women and men. But, they have also demonstrated that trade liberalisation has affected women and men differently having negative influences on the pursuit of gender equality. The research has, however, concluded that the impact of trade liberalisation on the pursuit of gender equality is influenced by other key factors. As strategy to mainstream gender in trade policies, the research suggests that policy-makers should analyse the implications for women and men of any trade policy before adopting such policy. This analysis would help him/her to see the possible imbalances of the new policy and implement policies and programmes to eradicate them. Also, it will help him/her to identify possible ways for using trade to empower women. The research is based on the idea that the elimination of the existing inequalities will put women at the same stage with men and will, therefore, contribute to women's empowerment in South Africa. / South Africa