Esta dissertação trata de analisar, em vinte e uma canções de Noel Rosa, os seguintes traços que se encontram nas obras do autor: estilo autobiográfico, o feminino, o seu Rio de Janeiro, a sátira social, a filosofia na letra do samba, o humor e a crônica. Trata-se de um estudo de interpretação de músicas, que busca oferecer subsídios para conhecimento do valor temático encontrado nas canções de Noel Rosa e os acontecimentos das décadas de 1920 e 1930, os quais apresentavam ligações com as composições do sambista. A análise é feita classificando as canções por meio dos temas identificados nas músicas, sendo escolhidas três canções para cada grupo temático. Original em suas criações e destaque para sua época, o músico Noel Rosa marca seu discurso na composição popular atento aos fatores sociais, cotidianos e destaca o samba pela geografia do Rio de Janeiro, com humor e em muitos momentos de forma filosófica, este também menciona muitas vezes fatos de sua vida em seus sambas. Referência para sua época, Noel marca seu período histórico como o maior compositor do Brasil, chegando a marca de compor 259 sambas em apenas sete anos, o que lhe confere, conforme Máximo & Didier (1990) e outros pesquisadores o título de maior compositor brasileiro. / This dissertation is to examine in twenty-one songs by Noel Rosa the following traits found in the author\'s works, autobiographical style, the feminine, \"its\" Rio de Janeiro, the social satire, philosophy in the lyrics of samba, mood and chronic. It is a study of music interpretation, which seeks to provide insight to know the amountfound in the theme songs by Noel Rosa and the events of the 1920s and 1930s,which had links with the compositions of the samba. The analysis is sortingthrough the songs of the themes identified in the songs, three songs are chosenfor each theme group. Original creations and their emphasis on his time, the musician Noel marks his speech at the popular composition attentive to social factors, lifestyle and geography highlights the samba of Rio de Janeiro, with humor and many moments of philosophical form, it also mentions often facts of his life in his sambas. Reference to his time, Noel marks its historical period as the greatest composer of Brazil, reaching the milestone of 259 sambas composed in just seven years, which gives, as Max & Didier (1990) and others have the title of greatest Brazilian composer .

Esta dissertação trata de analisar, em vinte e uma canções de Noel Rosa, os seguintes traços que se encontram nas obras do autor: estilo autobiográfico, o feminino, o seu Rio de Janeiro, a sátira social, a filosofia na letra do samba, o humor e a crônica. Trata-se de um estudo de interpretação de músicas, que busca oferecer subsídios para conhecimento do valor temático encontrado nas canções de Noel Rosa e os acontecimentos das décadas de 1920 e 1930, os quais apresentavam ligações com as composições do sambista. A análise é feita classificando as canções por meio dos temas identificados nas músicas, sendo escolhidas três canções para cada grupo temático. Original em suas criações e destaque para sua época, o músico Noel Rosa marca seu discurso na composição popular atento aos fatores sociais, cotidianos e destaca o samba pela geografia do Rio de Janeiro, com humor e em muitos momentos de forma filosófica, este também menciona muitas vezes fatos de sua vida em seus sambas. Referência para sua época, Noel marca seu período histórico como o maior compositor do Brasil, chegando a marca de compor 259 sambas em apenas sete anos, o que lhe confere, conforme Máximo & Didier (1990) e outros pesquisadores o título de maior compositor brasileiro. / This dissertation is to examine in twenty-one songs by Noel Rosa the following traits found in the author\'s works, autobiographical style, the feminine, \"its\" Rio de Janeiro, the social satire, philosophy in the lyrics of samba, mood and chronic. It is a study of music interpretation, which seeks to provide insight to know the amountfound in the theme songs by Noel Rosa and the events of the 1920s and 1930s,which had links with the compositions of the samba. The analysis is sortingthrough the songs of the themes identified in the songs, three songs are chosenfor each theme group. Original creations and their emphasis on his time, the musician Noel marks his speech at the popular composition attentive to social factors, lifestyle and geography highlights the samba of Rio de Janeiro, with humor and many moments of philosophical form, it also mentions often facts of his life in his sambas. Reference to his time, Noel marks its historical period as the greatest composer of Brazil, reaching the milestone of 259 sambas composed in just seven years, which gives, as Max & Didier (1990) and others have the title of greatest Brazilian composer .

Esta dissertação realiza um exame da devoção à Maria na cultura brasileira, levando em consideração os cânticos, a partir dos quais focalizam-se aspectos dos epítetos que prevalecem nesses textos. Trata-se de um estudo baseado nos critérios de análises interpretativas, que buscam oferecer subsídios para o entendimento dos hinos marianos na atualidade, visto que a bibliografia que trata do assunto é muito moderada. A análise é feita classificando os tipos dos epítetos identificados. A partir da investigação, é possível perceber que o conceito de uma Maria libertadora é bastante exposto no desenvolvimento dos hinos, já que verificamos uma grande parcela de poemas com o sentido libertador. Maria é indicada como uma verdadeira protetora dos povos; os autores dos cantos pesquisados desenvolveram seus trabalhos colocando em evidência uma santa que está mais próxima dos problemas enfrentados pela sociedade atual. As dificuldades que os humildes enfrentam atualmente são evidentemente lembradas e, na maioria das vezes, focalizadas nos textos mariais com o auxílio dos epítetos apresentados. / This dissertation presents an examination of the devotion to Mary in the Brazilian culture, by analyzing aspects of epithets that prevail on songs of praise. This study is based on the criteria of interpretative analysis aimed at contributing to the understanding of Marian hymns of the present, as not many researches on her epithets can be found in scientific literature. The analysis is done through the classification of the types of epithets identified. From this investigation, it is possible to realize that the concept of a liberating Mary is greatly exposed in the hymns created along the time, as a great amount of poems of a liberating sense were verified. Mary is quoted as a real protector of the people in the songs analyzed, and the authors of these songs of praise refer to a saint who is closer to current problems faced by society. The epithets make clear that difficulties that the humble people face at the present are obviously remembered and mostly focused in the Marian texts with the aid of the epithets presented.

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigates differences in L1 and L2 Grade 12 learners' interpretation of an English literary text. In particular, the research focuses on pragmatic features of the text, or features which require knowledge of the cultural and situational context in order to be understood. It is hypothesised from the outset that L1 learners will be more adept at interpreting the pragmatic features of the text since L2 learners may lack the necessary linguistic and cultural knowledge needed to derive meaning from an English literary text. The research takes the form of a qualitative study in which data was derived from ten participants in the form of a standardised test and semi-structured interviews. The test was based on F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby and aimed to determine learners' textual and pragmatic competence through a series of questions. Semi-structured interviews then followed in order to investigate the students' own reasons for shortcomings in the test. In addition, the research draws on theories put forth by Brown and Levinson (1978) and Sperber and Wilson (2005) regarding “pragmatic competence”, Hymes‟ (1972) notion of "communicative competence‟, as well as research into how narratives are embedded into cultural mores, customs and norms. These concepts and ideas were incorporated into the research so far as they could assist in articulating the reasons for shortcomings in the literacy test. The two methods of data collection and subsequent analysis generated significant information which was then correlated. First, the L1 learners outperformed their L2 peers in the literary test, both in terms of understanding the literary elements and in terms of understanding the cultural and contextual elements of the text. Second, the semi-structured interviews revealed two contrasting methods of language socialisation pertaining to the learners: while the L1 learners acquired English through direct methods and were found to engage more with English literary texts in the home, the L2 learners generally revealed that English was not practised outside of the classroom and engagement with English or English texts was not explicitly encouraged in the home. The study reveals that inadequate exposure to a language not only affects text-comprehension on a grammatical level, but prevents the learner from engaging with and understanding critical pragmatic elements of the literary text such as idioms, metaphors and other cultural references.

Esta dissertação realiza um exame da devoção à Maria na cultura brasileira, levando em consideração os cânticos, a partir dos quais focalizam-se aspectos dos epítetos que prevalecem nesses textos. Trata-se de um estudo baseado nos critérios de análises interpretativas, que buscam oferecer subsídios para o entendimento dos hinos marianos na atualidade, visto que a bibliografia que trata do assunto é muito moderada. A análise é feita classificando os tipos dos epítetos identificados. A partir da investigação, é possível perceber que o conceito de uma Maria libertadora é bastante exposto no desenvolvimento dos hinos, já que verificamos uma grande parcela de poemas com o sentido libertador. Maria é indicada como uma verdadeira protetora dos povos; os autores dos cantos pesquisados desenvolveram seus trabalhos colocando em evidência uma santa que está mais próxima dos problemas enfrentados pela sociedade atual. As dificuldades que os humildes enfrentam atualmente são evidentemente lembradas e, na maioria das vezes, focalizadas nos textos mariais com o auxílio dos epítetos apresentados. / This dissertation presents an examination of the devotion to Mary in the Brazilian culture, by analyzing aspects of epithets that prevail on songs of praise. This study is based on the criteria of interpretative analysis aimed at contributing to the understanding of Marian hymns of the present, as not many researches on her epithets can be found in scientific literature. The analysis is done through the classification of the types of epithets identified. From this investigation, it is possible to realize that the concept of a liberating Mary is greatly exposed in the hymns created along the time, as a great amount of poems of a liberating sense were verified. Mary is quoted as a real protector of the people in the songs analyzed, and the authors of these songs of praise refer to a saint who is closer to current problems faced by society. The epithets make clear that difficulties that the humble people face at the present are obviously remembered and mostly focused in the Marian texts with the aid of the epithets presented.

I have been for years now teaching homiletical theories and methods to students at World Mission University in Los Angeles, California. I have been aware of certain problems in the theory and practice of preaching prevailing in the Korean church. One of the most critical issues is that Korean preaching largely consists of the topical-deductive method. Another is that a hierarchical structure enforces the gap between the preacher and the congregation. The study explores, within the framework of the theologian Johannes van der Ven’s empirical-theological research program, text-guided preaching, based on the American homiletician Thomas G. Long’s theory that the sermon should regenerate the impact of the biblical text, in the context of the Korean church and its tradition of preaching. The study looks at the history and characteristics of Korean preaching (Chapter 2) and also at the emergence, characteristics, and styles of new American preaching (Chapter 3). The empirical component of the study deals with a case study involving a preaching workshop for theological students as an illustration of the reception by Korean preachers of the proposed theory for preaching (Chapter 5). My proposal is that text-guided preaching (described in Chapter 4) will benefit those Korean preachers and students willing a homiletical exploration. The basic premise of this model of preaching is that a text seeks to impact its reader; or, to use Paul Ricoeur’s words, confronts its readers with a particular world of understanding; or, from the standpoint of speech-act theory, performs multiple illocutionary acts. Text-guided preaching as it is presented in this study incorporates the notion of application, a notion introduced to hermeneutics by Hans-Georg Gadamer that says that understanding a text always aims at some practical application. Homiletically refined by H. J. C. Pieterse and C. J. A. Vos, it means that the preacher’s understanding of a biblical text is partly determined by the particular, historically contingent situation of the congregation. This study adopts an empirical-theological approach to practical theology. As a part of the theological induction phase of the empirical-theological cycle, a preaching workshop was conducted with eight student-participants. The case study produced some significant results. The clearest finding has to do with the task of interpreting the life situation of the congregation. It leads to the conclusion that theological education at World Mission University has to be modified to include trainings that would produce competent interpreters of the cultural context of Christian life. / Thesis (PhD (Practical Theology))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Practical Theology / PhD / unrestricted

This thesis reflects the contemporary Czech prose and its teaching at high schools. Theoretical chapters are focused on factors influencing the literature tuition at high schools: psychological and readers' profile of an adolescent student, high school particular environment from the teachers' perspective as well as state curriculum scope. In some respect the proposal of the own literary seminar aims with its concept to follow the ingrained scheme but there are some obvious aspects of innovation. The practical part tackles the didactic interpretation of the novel "Hastrman" by Miloš Urban and its usage when preparing two teaching units according to the proposed literary seminar concept. There is also a reflection of the proposed lesson preparations check up and finally are also mentioned the possible modifications in the concept as well as in those preparations. Key words: contemporary Czech literature, high school literature, didactic interpretation, didactic potential of the text

Cette thèse se situe à l’intersection des domaines de la recherche en linguistique et du traitement automatique de la langue. Ces deux domaines se croisent pour la construction d’outils de traitement de texte, et des applications industrielles intégrant des solutions de désambiguïsation et d’interprétation de la langue.Une tâche difficile et très peu abordée et appliqué est arrivée sur les travaux de l’entreprise Techlimed, celle de l’analyse automatique des textes écrits en arabe. De nouvelles ressources sont apparues comme les lexiques de langues et les réseaux sémantiques permettant à la création de grammaires formelles d’accomplir cette tâche.Une métadonnée importante pour l’analyse de texte est de savoir « qu’est-ce qui est dit, et que signifie-t-il ? ». Le domaine de linguistique computationnelle propose des méthodes très diverses et souvent partielle pour permettre à l’ordinateur de répondre à de telles questions.L’introduction et l’application des règles de grammaire descriptives de langues dans les langages formels spécifiques au traitement de langues par ordinateur est l’objet principal de cette thèse.Au-delà de la réalisation d’un système de traitement et d’interprétation de textes en langue arabe, basé aussi sur la modélisation informatique, notre intérêt s’est porté sur l’évaluation des phénomènes linguistiques relevés par la littérature et les méthodes de leur formalisation en informatique.Dans tous les cas, nos travaux de recherche ont été testés et validés dans un cadre expérimental rigoureux autour de plusieurs formalismes et outils informatiques.Nos expérimentations concernant l'apport de la grammaire syntaxico-sémantique, a priori, ont montré une réduction importante de l’ambiguïté linguistique dans le cas de l'utilisation d’une grammaire à état fini écrite en Java et une grammaire générativetransformationnelle écrite en Prolog, intégrant des composants morphologiques, syntaxiques et sémantiques.La mise en place de notre étude a requis la construction d’outils de traitement de texte et d’outils de recherche d’information. Ces outils ont été construits par nos soins et sont disponible en Open-source.La réussite de l’application de nos travaux à grande échelle s’est conclue par la condition d’avoir de ressources sémantiques riches et exhaustives. Nous travaux ont été redirigés vers une démarche de production de telles ressources, en termes de recherche d’informations et d’extraction de connaissances. Les tests menés pour cette nouvelle perspective ont étéfavorables à d’avantage de recherche et d’expérimentation. / This thesis lies at the frontier of the fields of linguistic research and the automatic processing of language. These two fields intersect for the construction of natural language processing tools, and industrial applications integrating solutions for disambiguation and interpretation of texts.A challenging task, briefly approached and applied, has come to the work of the Techlimed company, that of the automatic analysis of texts written in Arabic. Novel resources have emerged as language lexicons and semantic networks allowing the creation of formal grammars to accomplish this task.An important meta-data for text analysis is "what is being said, and what does it mean". The field of computational linguistics offers very diverse and, mostly, partial methods to allow the computer to answer such questions.The main purpose of this thesis is to introduce and apply the rules of descriptive language grammar in formal languages specific to computer language processing.Beyond the realization of a system of processing and interpretation of texts in Arabic language based on computer modeling, our interest has been devoted to the evaluation of the linguistic phenomena described by the literature and the methods of their formalization in computer science.In all cases, our research was tested and validated in a rigorous experimental framework around several formalisms and computer tools.The experiments concerning the contribution of syntaxico-semantic grammar, a priori, have demonstrated a significant reduction of linguistic ambiguity in the case of the use of a finite-state grammar written in Java and a transformational generative grammarwritten in Prolog, integrating morphological, syntactic and semantic components.The implementation of our study required the construction of tools for word processing, information retrieval tools. These tools were built by us and are available in Open-source.The success of the application of our work in large scale was concluded by the requirement of having rich and comprehensive semantic resources. Our work has been redirected towards a process of production of such resources, in terms of informationretrieval and knowledge extraction. The tests for this new perspective were favorable to further research and experimentation.