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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Identificação de parasitos intestinais em aves mantidas em zoológicos e em criadouro / Identification of intestinal parasites in birds of three zoo gardens and a private bird breeding place

Monteiro Filho, Luiz Paulo Cobra, 1976- 23 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Urara Kawazoe / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T00:21:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MonteiroFilho_LuizPauloCobra_M.pdf: 2118812 bytes, checksum: a948577e483cc6e6c98d3bb599dd8489 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Em jardins zoológicos as aves cativas silvestres e as exóticas podem estar expostas a algum tipo de estresse, o que causa imunossupressão em alguns indivíduos e, conseqüentemente, facilita o parasitismo até por parasitos pouco patogênicos. Tornam-se importantes, análises periódicas da relação parasito-hospedeiro em aves cativas para a percepção e entendimento da situação no controle de doenças, principalmente considerando a possibilidade da identificação de novas espécies de parasitos intestinais em novos hospedeiros, em especial os protozoários. Com esse objetivo, foram realizados levantamentos coproparasitológicos em três jardins zoológicos (Americana-SP, Guarulhos-SP e Alfenas-MG) e em um criadouro de aves silvestres e exóticas (Sítio da Ferradura em Poços de Caldas). Amostras frescas de fezes foram coletadas em solução de dicromato de potássio a 2,0 % e processadas usando o método de Hoffman, Pons & Janer modificado, seguido do Método de McMaster modificado (flutuação em solução saturada de NaCl). Os parasitos identificados com maior freqüência foram os coccídios Eimeria spp. e o nematoda Capillaria spp. Nos Zoológicos de Americana e Guarulhos, situados no Estado de São Paulo, a prevalência média de Capillaria spp. foi de 57,1 % e 66,7 % e de Eimeria spp. foi de 42,9 % e 33,3 %, respectivamente. No Jardim Zoológico de Alfenas (MG) observou-se apenas a presença de coccídios (100,0 %), sendo que se trata de um plantel com apenas 20 aves, do setor extra e dos recintos de exposição. No Criadouro de Poços de Caldas, identificou-se 36,0 % tanto para a Capillaria spp. como para a Eimeria spp. Considerando o total de amostras examinadas das quatro instituições, o gênero de ave que apresentou maior parasitismo por coccídio foi o Ramphastos spp., apesar da maioria das aves examinadas pertencerem a Ordem Psittaciformes. Pela análise das medidas de comprimento e largura dos oocistos encontrados em Rhamphastos toco (24,54 ?m ±1,17 x 23,83 ?m ±1,54) e em Coragyps atratus (20,99 ?m ±1,24 x 17,59 ±1,78 ?m e 17,92 ?m ±0,74 x 15,59 ?m ±0,96) com medidas, morfologia e hospedeiros distintos das espécies descritas na literatura, concluiu-se a identificação de três novas espécies de Eimeria no presente estudo. Além dessas espécies, três outras espécies de Eimeria (Eimeria forresteri, E. amazonae e E. ochrocephalae) descritas na literatura também foram identificadas. A partir da avaliação dos resultados obtidos no levantamento parasitológico, algumas medidas e procedimentos de manejo referentes à prevenção auxiliaram no controle da coccidiose e capilariose em ambientes com aves cativas / Abstract: Wild and exotic captive birds living in the Zoo are under stress conditions which could affect their immune system and acquire parasite infections even those with low pathogenicity. Periodical analysis of intestinal parasites, especially protozoans are important for their control and eventually identifications of new species in new hosts. The objective of this study was to identify intestinal parasite species in captive birds of Zoo Garden of Americana, São Paulo; Zoo Garden of Guarulhos, SP and Zoo Garden of Alfenas, Minas Gerais and the Wild and Exotic Birds Breeding Place located in the ?Sítio da Ferradura?, Poços de Caldas, MG. Fresh fecal samples were collected and placed in 2,0 % potassium dichromate solution and examined after using modified concentrated method of sedimentation (Hofman, Pons & Janer) and McMaster modified floatation method. The most frequent parasites identified were Eimeria spp. and Capillaria spp. In the Zoo Garden of Guarulhos and Americana, the prevalence of Capillaria spp. was 57,1 % and 66,7 % and of Eimeria spp. was 42,9 % and 33,3 % respectively. In the Zoo Garden of Alfenas, with a small number of 20 birds, only Eimeria spp. was identified (100 %) while in the Bird Breeding Place in the Poços de Caldas 36,0 % of Capillaria spp. and Eimeria spp. were identified. Considering all the birds evaluated for intestinal parasites in four zoos, Ramphastos spp. was the most prevalent bird for coccidium parasites although the number of birds of the Order Psittaciformes was much greater them the previous one. The length and width of oocysts from fecal samples of Ramphastos toco were measured (24,54 ?m ±1,17 x 23,83 ?m ±1,54) as well as the length and the width of two oocyst types found in Coragyps atratus (20,99 ?m ±1,24 x 17,59 ±1,78 ?m and 17,92 ?m ±0,74 x 15,59 ?m ±0,96). The statistical analysis of these measures showed significant difference between them. These measures and oocyst shapes compared with other measures and morphological oocyst structures described in the literature showed difference between them. Based on this information it was possible to conclude that they were considered new species of Eimeria not described previously. Three other species of Eimeria were also identified in the present study: E forresteri, E. Amazonae and E. Ochrocephalae. Some management proceedings in captive bird's environment for the prevention of coccidiosis and capilariosis were performed successfully after overall parasite identifications in the present study / Mestrado / Parasitologia / Mestre em Parasitologia
2

Enteroparasitoses em comunidades indígenas brasileirass / Intestinal parasites in Brazilian indigenous communities

Malta, Roberto Carlos Grassi, 1970- 19 August 2018 (has links)
Orientadores: Manzélio Cavazzana Júnior, Regina Maura Bueno Franco / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T19:07:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Malta_RobertoCarlosGrassi_D.pdf: 3672169 bytes, checksum: 25ac1445db6b62e9892dee0a7eea948b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: As infecções parasitárias são um dos principais problemas de saúde pública, apresentando-se de forma endêmica em diversas áreas do Brasil. Podem apresentar estreita relação com fatores sócio-demográficos e ambientais, tais como: precárias condições socioeconômicas, consumo de água contaminada, deficiente estado nutricional dos indivíduos e outros, sendo frequentemente a população infantil a mais atingida. Com o objetivo de investigar a prevalência de parasitas intestinais em populações indígenas e populações carentes e os fatores-chave envolvidos na epidemiologia de enteroparasitoses, foi realizado levantamento enteroparasitológico em moradores de 02 reservas indígenas Reserva Bororó/MS e Reserva Xingu/MT (tribos Kayabí e Juruna) -, e também em moradores de 02 cidades - Pontes e Lacerda/MT e Ibateguara/AL. A coleta de dados foi realizada de 2002 a 2009. Foram analisadas 2754 amostras de fezes pelos métodos de Faust, Hoffman, Kato-Katz, Rugai, Direto e Ziehl-Neelsen modificado. Foram obtidos dados pessoais e parâmetros socioeconômicos. Observou-se a presença de 73% de enteroparasitas na reserva indígena de Dourados, 62,77% na reserva indígena do Xingu, 52,61% no município de Pontes e Lacerda/MS e 67,42% no município de Ibateguara. As espécies de maior prevalência no sexo masculino foram Entamoeba coli (22,5%), Giardia duodenalis (11,6%), Entamoeba histolytica (13,9%) e Ascaris lumbricoides (13,6%). No sexo feminino foram Entamoeba coli (24,1%), Giardia duodenalis (8,8%), Entamoeba histolytica/díspar (13,8%) e Ascaris lumbricoides (13,3%). A prevalência de protozoários (42,6%) foi maior que de helmintos (31,1%). Para a maioria dos grupos analisados não houve diferença entre o quadro clínico de diarreia e o tipo e número de enteroparasita. O poliparasitismo foi detectado em 12,8% das amostras e o monoparasitismo em 46,5%. Os grupos etários de menor idade apresentaram predomínio de infecções por protozoários / Abstract: The parasitic infections are the major public health problems, presenting an endemic form in several areas of Brazil. They may present narrow relationship with social-demographical and environmental factors, such as: social-economical precarious conditions, consumption contaminated water, deficient nutritional condition of individuals and others, being frequently the infant population the most affected. In order to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasites in indigenous and deprived populations and the key factors involved in the epidemiology of intestinal parasites, it was realized intestinal parasitological survey in residents of two Indian reservations: Bororó Reservation/MS and Xingu Reservation/MT (Kayabí and Juruna tribes); and also in residents of two cities: Pontes e Lacerda/MT and Ibateguara/Al. The data collection was conducted from 2002 to 2009. 2,754 faeces samples were analyzed by the methods of Faust, Hoffman, Kato-Katz, Rugai, Direct and modified Ziehl-Neelsen. The study obtained personal data and social-economical parameters. It was observed the presence of 73% of intestinal parasites in the Bororó Reservation, 62.77% in the Xingu Reservation, 52.61% in the cities of Pontes e Lacerda/MS and 67.42% in the Ibateguara city. The species of most prevalence in male individuals were Entamoeba coli (22.5%), Giardia duodenalis (11.6%), Entamoeba histolytica (13.9%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (13.6%). In female individuals were Entamoeba coli (24.1%), Giardia duodenalis (8.8%), Entamoeba histolytica/ E. díspar (13.8%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (13.3%). The prevalence of protozoan (42.6%) was higher than helminths (31.1%). For most analyzed groups there was no difference between the diarrhea clinical situation and the intestinal parasite type and number. The multiple intestinal parasite was detected in 12.8% of samples and monoparasitism in 46.5%. The minor age individuals presented the preponderance of protozoan infections / Doutorado / Parasitologia / Doutor em Parasitologia
3

Parasitas intestinais de Lontra Longicaudis (Olfers, 1818) (Carnivora, Mustelidae) em riacho e lagoa do Distrito de Sousas/Campinas-SP / Studys of intestinal parasite in Lontra Longicaudis (Carnivora, Mustelidae) (Olfers, 1818) in a creek an pond of Sousas District, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

Alarcon, Diego Fernandes 31 October 2006 (has links)
Orientador: Marlene Tiduko Ueta / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T00:02:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alarcon_DiegoFernandes_M.pdf: 8141836 bytes, checksum: 830e38e5f19d73153a16ed4df89c73bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Os helmintos intestinais de Lontra longicaudis (CARNIVORA, MUSTELIDAE) foram estudados, com os materiais fecais recolhidos de um pequeno riacho (Riacho Ribeirão Cachoeira) localizado em um fragmento florestal de Mata Atlântica, e de uma lagoa localizada no condomínio Notredame, ambos situados no município de Campinas, mais precisamente no distrito de Sousas. O objetivo foi relacionar, pelo levantamento de parasitas intestinais, aspectos tróficos e comportamentais de L. longicaudis à aquisição de parasitas. Em laboratório, o material fecal de cada local foi processado e analisado individualmente, utilizando-se os métodos qualitativos rotineiros de exame de fezes: sedimentação espontânea (HOFFMAN et al,. 1934) e Willis (WILLIS, 1921). Das 39 amostras coletadas em Ribeirão Cachoeira, 22 apresentaram resultados positivos para ovos e/ou larvas de helmintos (56,4%). Na lagoa do Notredame foram coletadas 29 amostras fecais, das quais 13 apresentaram resultados positivos para ovos ou larvas de helmintos (44,8%). Foram observados sete tipos morfológicos de ovos de helmintos e dois tipos de larvas de nematódeos. Dentre os ovos, os mais prevalentes, tanto no riacho (54,5% trematódeo; 22,7% Strongyloides) quanto na lagoa (46,2% trematódeo; 46,2% Strongyloides), foram o de um trematódeo e ovo de Strongyloides sp. Um dos tipos de larva encontrada foi o de Strongyloides sp, que foi a mais prevalente (54,5% riacho e 15,4% lagoa). Trata-se do primeiro registro de Strongyloides sp em lontras neotropicais / Abstract: The intestinal helminthes of the otter Lontra longicaudis (CARNIVORA, MUSTELIDAE) were studied. The fecal samples were collected in a creek (Ribeirão Cachoeira) situated in a forest fragment of Atlantic forest, and in a pond located in the Notredame house complex, both in the municipality of Campinas, Sousas district, São Paulo state, Brazil. The aim of the present study was to associate, through the intestinal parasites survey, trophic and behavioral aspects of L. longicaudis with the acquisition of parasites. The Faecal samples from each place was processed and analyzed individually, using the qualitative routine faecal methods: spontaneous sedimentation (HOFFMAN et al,. 1934) and Willis (WILLIS, 1921). From total 39 samples collected in Ribeirão Cachoeira creek, 22 were positive for eggs and /or larvae of helminthes (56,4%). In the Notredame house complex pond, samples from 29 total faecal samples collected, 13 showed positive results for eggs and /or larvae of helminthes (44,8%). Seven morphological types of helminthes eggs and two types of Nematode larvae were observed. Among the eggs, the most prevalent in the creek (54,5% trematode; 22,7% Strongyloides) and in the pond (46,2% trematode; 46,2% Strongyloides) were trematode egg and Strongyloides sp. egg. One of larvae found was of Strongyloides sp, type which was the most prevalent one (54,5% creek and 15,4% pond). This is the first occurrence of Strongyloides sp in neotropical otters / Mestrado / Mestre em Parasitologia
4

Epidemiology of human intestinal parasites in Qwa-Qwa, South Africa.

Mosala, Thabang Innocentia. January 1995 (has links)
This study investigated the prevalences and intensity of intestinal parasites and aspects of their epidemiology among children in the Qwa-Qwa region of the eastern Free St~te. Faecal samples of 1180 children differing socio-economic status from nine schools at altitudes varying from 1660m to 2200m were examined quantitatively by means of the formol-ether sedimentation technique. Socio-economic, and demographic characteristics for the communities served by the schools were obtained from the literature and from a questionnaire. The study showed that, the area supports a markedly low diversity of parasite infections, and at lower intensities, than low altitude areas such as the coastal plain of KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape, the Northern Province, Mpumalanga and the Western Cape. The intestinal parasite fauna affecting children in Qwa-Qwa is dominated by protozoans with only few helminths and no hookworm or bilharzia. The results indicated that factors which influence the transmission of intestinal parasites in Qwa-Qwa appear to be related primarily to social, economic and cultural aspects of the peoples' lifestyles. Climatic factors were not found important. There was a significant seasonal effect on the intensities of all parasite infection, except two protozoans, Entamoeba coli and Endolimax nana. Water source, electricity, house-type and quality of meat were found to be the important socio-economic factors that influenced parasite transmission. These relationships were investigated by fitting logistic regression and generalized linear mixed models. By documenting human parasitism (above 1700m) this study provided an endpoint to the altitudinal transect conducted in 1993 in KwaZulu-Natal by Appleton and Gouws (in press). Public health authorities and Primary Health Care personnel should find this study useful when designing and implementing nutrition and parasite control. Severe ascariasis has been reported from the study area. It will help focus PHC activities in Qwa-Qwa and in the wider context of Free State Province by demonstrating the value of proper personal and environmental hygiene in the home, thereby forming the basis for intestinal parasite control at the community level. / Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1995.
5

Inquérito epidemiológico de infecções parasitárias intestinais em trabalhadores rurais canavieiros nas regiões de Campinas e Ribeirão Preto / Epidemiological survey of intestinal parasitic infections in rural sugarcane workers in the regions of Campinas and Ribeirão Preto

Ribeiro, Danilo Carlos, 1982- 20 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Regina Maura Bueno Franco / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T10:49:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ribeiro_DaniloCarlos_M.pdf: 1808064 bytes, checksum: 36f0510d37feb2ae734deffdba6cf10f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: As parasitoses intestinais representam um grave problema de Saúde Pública em todo o mundo, com prevalências variáveis em cada região, sendo que fatores socioeconômicos e ambientais corroboram para manutenção ou aumento do número de casos. Os trabalhadores rurais canavieiros, devido as condições as quais são submetidos durante o trabalho sofrem exposições diárias aos agentes parasitários. Eles formam um grupo populacional cuja saúde é negligenciada devido a escassez de informações na literatura. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: avaliar a prevalência das infecções parasitárias intestinais entre trabalhadores rurais de duas principais regiões canavieiras do Estado de São Paulo (Ribeirão Preto e Campinas) destino de milhares de migrantes oriundos de diferentes regiões do Brasil no período de safra da cana de açúcar; avaliar comparativamente os métodos de coloração de Ziehl Neelsen modificada e Auramina O, para detecção dos oocistos de coccidioses intestinais e, as técnicas de Hoffman, Pons e Janer (H.P.J.) e Coprokit ® para detecção de ovos de helmintos. Foram analisadas 3 amostras fecais de 617 indivíduos, as quais foram processadas pelos métodos de sedimentação espontânea, Faust et al., Rugai et al., Willis et al., Coprokit ®, e pelos métodos de coloração Auramina- O e Ziehl Neelsen modificada, mediante emprego de técnica de centrifugo - concentração a 500X g e, aplicação de um questionário semi- estruturado para avaliar condições sócioeconômicas e epidemiológicas. A prevalência geral de parasitos intestinais e comensais foi de 30,47 %, sendo que o protozoário mais encontrado foi Endolimax nana (12,16 %) e entre os helmintos detectou-se com maior frequência os ancilostomídeos (2,43 %). Dentre os exames positivos, foi verificada maior ocorrência de monoparasitismo (23,82 %) e de protozoários (26,58 %). Conclui-se que a baixa prevalência encontrada para parasitoses intestinais neste estudo se deve as melhorias no perfil socioeconômico e epidemiológico dos trabalhadores canavieiros e entre os exames positivos não houve diferença significativa na detecção de oocistos de Cryptosporidium spp. pelas técnicas de Ziehl Neelsen modificada e Auramina O e, a técnica de sedimentação espontânea se mostrou mais eficiente para detecção de ovos de helmintos em comparação ao método de Coprokit ® / Abstract: Intestinal parasitic diseases represent a serious public health problem worldwide, with prevalence rates varying in each region, and socioeconomic and environmental factors to corroborate maintaining or increasing the number of cases. Rural workers in sugar cane plantations, due to weather conditions and which are submitted during the rural work, and suffer daily exposures to parasitic agents. They form a population group whose health is neglected due to lack of information in the literature. Our objectives were: assess the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among rural workers in two major sugar cane growing regions of São Paulo (Ribeirão Preto and Campinas) fate of thousands of migrants from different regions of Brazil from sugar cane crop; benchmarking the methods of Ziehl Neelsen modified and Auramina O for detection of oocysts of intestinal coccidia and the techniques of Hoffman, Pons and Janer (H.P.J.) and Coprokit ® for detection of helminth eggs. Three fecal samples were analyzed from 617 individuals, which were processed by the methods of spontaneous sedimentation, Faust et al., Rugai et al., Willis et al. Coprokit ®, and the staining methods Auramina O and Ziehl Neelsen modified, by use of centrifugal technique - the 500Xg concentration and, application of a semi-structured survey to assess the socioeconomic and epidemiological conditions. The overall prevalence of parasitism was 30.47%, and the most frequent protozoan was Endolimax nana (12,16%) and among the helminthes were detected more frequently the hookworm (2,43%). Among the positive tests, there was verified a higher incidence of monoparasitism (23,82%) and protozoa (26,58%). It is concluded that the low prevalence for intestinal parasites in this study is due to improvements in socio-economic and epidemiological profile of the sugarcane workers and among the positive tests there was no significant difference in detection of oocysts Cryptosporidium spp. by modified Ziehl Neelsen technique and Auramina O, and the spontaneous sedimentation technique was more efficient for detection of helminth eggs in comparison to the method of Coprokit ® / Mestrado / Parasitologia / Mestre em Parasitologia
6

Relation between Internal Parasites with Basic Services and the Nutritional Status of Children Five Years of Age in the Indigenous, Black and Mestizo Communities of the Rural Area, Imbabura Province

Paguay Ruiz, R. Patricio 01 January 2000 (has links) (PDF)
Various studies have been done to determine the prevalence of anemia in our country, but these studies don't reflect the true magnitude of this sickness, considered in Ecuador a problem of public health since these investigations correspond to urban sectors and margins and not to rural places where the care is very deficient and in certain cases useless, mainly because of the difficult access and the lack of economic resources of the government institutions. The current work was realized in coordination with the school of Nutrition and Dietetics and with the help of the Benson Agriculture and Food Institute was applied in rural communities of the Indigenous, "Mixed-Race" and African-American of Imbabura taking into account kids under the age of 5 as being a population group in constant risk of suffering specific deficiencies, such as Iron deficiency and its subsequent evolution towards Anemia. In this investigation we are going to find information about the prevalence of Anemia in the before mentioned groups of kids, their relationship with the deficiency of the consumption of Iron, influence of one of the most common sicknesses in these sectors as are Intestinal Parasitism. I am sure that the content will be of enormous interest to those that desire to know and better the critical situation of health and nutrition which unwinds this people, because of the provision of updated and truthful information will permit a better orientation of the different programs and projects that are implemented in these areas.
7

Avaliação de uma nova técnica (TF-Test Modified) destinada ao diagnóstico de parasitoses intestinais em amostras fecais / Evaluation of a new technique (TF-Test Modified) intended for the diagnosis of intestinal parasites in fecal samples

Carvalho, Juliana Barboza, 1986- 23 August 2018 (has links)
Orientadores: Jancarlo Ferreira Gomes, Alexandre Xavier Falcão / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T15:19:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carvalho_JulianaBarboza_M.pdf: 1818938 bytes, checksum: d44ab358d0482575e52d1f77a3f4c07b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: As parasitoses intestinais são altamente prevalentes no mundo, estando entre as maiores causadoras de doenças e óbitos em seres humanos. Atualmente, o diagnóstico laboratorial destas parasitoses é realizado por meio de procedimentos técnicos manuais, desenvolvidos na sua grande maioria há décadas, o que justifica a aplicabilidade de técnicas mais sensíveis e práticas para esta finalidade, visando obter resultados eficientes, especialmente em programas governamentais direcionados à Saúde Pública. Sendo assim, o objetivo do projeto foi de avaliar e validar uma nova técnica parasitológica, denominada TF-Test Modified, em comparação com três técnicas parasitológicas convencionais consagradas pela literatura: TF-Test Conventional; Rugai, Mattos e Brisola; e Kato-Katz/Helm-Test. As etapas do trabalho consistiram em realizar coleta de material fecal de 457 indivíduos localizados em regiões endêmicas para parasitoses no município de Campinas, SP; no processamento laboratorial de 1.828 exames; no diagnóstico de 14 espécies parasitárias; e na análise estatística qualitativa de resultados de maneira abrangente. Dentre as espécies parasitárias encontradas, helmintos e protozoários intestinais foram detectados em 42,23% de indivíduos pela técnica de TF-Test Modified, ante 36,76% por TF-Test Conventional, 5,03% por Kato-Katz/Helm-Test, e 4,16% por Rugai, Mattos e Brisola. Destes casos, 54,40% de infecção simples dos indivíduos demonstrou serem portadores de monoparasitismo. A nova técnica parasitológica de TF-Test Modified, quando comparada com as demais técnicas, apresentou alto valor de infecção, como exemplo para dupla, tripla e múltipla, de maneira a perfazer um total de 98,37% de infecções. Ademais, a nova técnica apresentou índice Kappa com grau de concordância Quase Perfeito em todos os parâmetros avaliados com estimativa de 95% (P<0,05), permitiu encontrar com alta eficiência diagnóstica todas as espécies parasitárias estudadas, mostrou um notável diagnóstico verdadeiro, especialmente quando analisada comparativamente com as outras três técnicas convencionais. O atual estudo permitiu concluir que a técnica de TF-Test Modified pode ser utilizada de forma abrangente no diagnóstico qualitativo de protozoários e helmintos intestinais de humanos. O ganho de sensibilidade diagnóstica proporcionada por esta nova técnica deverá ser de estimável contribuição para o diagnóstico individual laboratorial, inquéritos populacionais e controle das parasitoses intestinais, de modo a repercutir em contribuição social / Abstract: Intestinal parasites are highly prevalent worldwide and is among the largest cause of illness and death in humans. Currently, the laboratory diagnosis of these parasites is accomplished through technical procedures manuals, developed mostly for decades, justifying the applicability of more sensitive techniques and practices for this purpose, to obtain effective results, especially in government programs aimed at Public Health. Thus, the objective of the project was to evaluate and validate a new technique parasite, called TF-Test Modified, compared with three conventional parasitological techniques enshrined in literature: TF-Test Conventional; Rugai, Mattos and Brisola, and Kato-Katz / Helm-Test. The steps of the work consisted of conducting a collection of fecal samples from 457 individuals located in regions endemic for parasitic infections in Campinas, SP, in laboratory processing of 1,828 examinations, the diagnosis of 14 parasitic species, and the qualitative statistical analysis of results so comprehensive. Among the species found parasitic, helminths and intestinal protozoa were detected in 42,23% of subjects using the technique of TF-Test Modified, against 36,76% by TF-Test Conventional, 5,03% by Kato-Katz/Helm-Test, and 4,16% Rugai, Mattos and Brisola. Of these cases, 54,40% of single infections of individuals were shown to be carriers of monoparasitism. The new technique parasitological TF-Test Modified compared to other techniques of infection showed a high value, for example double, triple and multiple so as to make a total of 98,37% infections . Moreover, the new technique presented Kappa index level of agreement with Almost Perfect in all parameters with estimated 95% (P <0.05), allowed to meet with high diagnostic efficiency all parasitic species studied showed remarkable true diagnosis, especially when viewed in comparison with other three conventional techniques. The current study showed that the technique TF-Test Modified can be used comprehensively in qualitative diagnosis of intestinal protozoa and helminths of humans. The gain in diagnostic sensitivity afforded by this new technique should be estimable contribution to the individual diagnostic laboratory, population surveys and control of intestinal parasites, in order to reflect on social contribution / Mestrado / Parasitologia / Mestra em Parasitologia
8

Detection of Cryptosporidium species in stools of HIV/AIDS patients in Bela-Bela, South Africa

Makuwa, Stenly Modupi 06 1900 (has links)
MSc (Microbiology) / Department of Microbiology / See the attached abstract below

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