Early detection of breast cancer is critical for increasing survival rates. However, currently available screening strategies provide ambiguous results, leaving invasive tissue biopsy procedures necessary for definitive diagnosis. Considerable efforts have investigated using nipple aspirate fluid (NAF), a liquid biopsy rich in proteins representative of the breast microenvironment, as a non-invasive source of early detection biomarkers. However, by using traditional two-dimensional discovery proteomic approaches, many technical challenges of using NAF have limited analysis of large sample sizing: such as low expressed volume (<10µL) or insufficient analytical material (<200µg protein). Following non-invasive collection by manual massage, we developed a one-dimensional sample preparation workflow that reduced sample handling steps, minimised sample losses and increased sample throughput to 96-samples by using a PVDF-membrane based system, which was ideally suited to the NAF proteome. Samples were prepared within a single working day, and results correlated significantly with conventional in-solution protocols. ​Proteins typically associated with the dysregulation of innate immune response and haemostatic pathways had a significantly altered proteome profile in response to breast cancer. Overall, our new workflow will allow future studies to take a more high-throughput approach, revealing biomarkers for breast cancer early detection, and providing a real impact.

Salamanders are one of the most at-risk taxa in the world due to habitat destruction, pollution, climate change, invasive diseases, and more. This has led to a need for conservation breeding programs that are often associated with zoos and aquaria. Salamanders can be difficult to breed in captivity, though, due to their dependence on specific environmental cues and other unknown factors that stimulate sperm and egg production. To overcome these challenges, assisted reproductive technologies (ART) such as exogenous hormone administration, sperm cryopreservation, and in-vitro fertilization have been developed to increase offspring propagation and maintain genetic diversity. If genetically robust populations of salamander species can be sustainably managed ex situ into the future, then their species can be protected in situ through practices such as reintroductions into native habitats. Given the importance of salamanders to healthy, functioning ecosystems, my doctoral research focused on methods to advance caudate conservation efforts through ART. This dissertation addresses four key areas targeting salamander reproduction for conservation: 1) Novel, non-invasive hormone administration routes; 2) Sperm extender toxicity; 3) Novel sperm cryoprotectants; and 4) Application of ART to target salamander species. The objectives were to: 1) Compare nasal, oral, and intramuscular delivery routes of gonadotropin-releasing hormone on spermic response; 2) Compare sperm extenders at varying osmolalities for maintaining sperm quality over time; 3) Test dimethyl sulfoxide versus dimethylformamide as cryoprotectants to increase frozen-thawed sperm viability, motility, and fertilization capability in the eastern tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum); and 4) Transfer ART protocols developed from the eastern tiger salamander to the eastern hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis) and spotted salamander (Ambystoma maculatum). This work answers critical questions that should help advance salamander ART research into the future and lead to more sustainably managed caudate populations.

Malignant gliomas (MG), most notably glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), are among the most aggressive of all malignancies. High-grade variants of this type of brain cancer are generally considered incurable with singular or multimodal therapies. Many patients with GBM die within one year of diagnosis, and the 5-year survival rate in people is approximately 10%. Despite extensive research in diagnostic and therapeutic technologies, very few developments have emerged that significantly improve survival over the last seven decades. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new non-thermal focal tissue ablation technique that uses low-energy electric pulses to destabilize cell membranes, thus achieving tissue death. The procedure is minimally invasive and is performed through small electrodes inserted into the tissue with treatment duration of about one minute. The pulses create an electric field that induces an increase in the resting transmembrane potential (TMP) of the cells in the tissue. The induced increase in the TMP is dependent on the electric pulse parameters. Depending on the magnitude of the induced TMP the electric pulses can have no effect, transiently increase membrane permeability or cause spontaneous death. In this dissertation we hypothesize that irreversible electroporation is capable of ablating normal (gray and white matter) and pathological (MG and/or GBM) brain tissue in a highly focused non-thermal manner that is modulated through pulse parameters and electrode configuration. Through a comprehensive experimental and numerical investigation, we tested and attained results strongly supporting our hypothesis. Specifically, we developed numerical models that were capable of simulating an entire IRE treatment protocol and would take into account pulse parameters (e.g. duration, frequency, repetition rate and strength) in addition to the dynamic changes in tissue electrical conductivity due to electroporation and joule heating, as well as biologically relevant processes such as blood perfusion and metabolic heat. We also provided a method to isolate the IRE effects from undesired thermal damage in models that were validated with real-time temperature measurements during the delivery of the pulses. Finally we outlined a procedure to use 3D volumetric reconstructions of IRE lesions using patient specific MRI scans in conjunction with the models described for establishing field thresholds or performing treatment planning prior to the surgical procedure; thus supplying the readers with the tools and understanding necessary to design appropriate treatment protocols for their specific application. Experimentally we presented the first systematic in vivo study of IRE in normal canine brain and the multimodal treatment of a canine MG patient. We confirmed that the procedure can be applied safely in the brain and was well tolerated clinically. The lesions created with IRE were sub-millimeter in resolution and we achieved 75% tumor volume reduction within 3 days post-IRE in the patient. In addition to the sharp delineation between necrotic and normal brain, the treatments spared the major blood vessels, making it appropriate for treatment of tumors adjacent to, or enveloping critical vascular structures. We believe that irreversible electroporation will play a key role in the treatment of intracranial disorders including malignant brain cancer in which the intent is to focally kill undesired tissue while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue. / Ph. D.

Many plants, especially grasses, have Nitrogen (N) as their growth-limiting nutrient. Large amounts of N fertilizer (>100 kg N ha-1) are used in managed systems to maximize crop productivity. However, the plant captures less than 50% of the (~12 million tons per year, U.S.) applied N-fertilizer. The remaining mobile N lost through leaching and denitrification accumulates in waterways and the atmosphere, respectively. Losses of fertilizers create environmental and economic concerns globally and create conditions that support the invasion of exotic plants in the natural landscapes. There is thus a need to come up with biological solutions to better manage nitrogen for plant growth and ecosystem sustainability. Microbial communities in the rhizosphere are known to potentially have beneficial effects on plant growth. Diazotrophs, for example, are bacteria that can convert the atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, a process called 'nitrogen fixation.' Utilizing the natural process of associative nitrogen fixation to support most of the plant's N needs would substantially reduce fertilizer use and thus reduce production and environmental costs. The goal of this dissertation was to determine the structure and function of root-zone microbial communities for increasing productivity of native plants. Towards this end, we study the root-zone bacterial and fungal communities of native and exotic invasive plants. This study identifies that shifts in rhizosphere microbial communities are associated with invasion and highlights the importance of rhizosphere associated structure and function of microbes. A study of root-zone associated microbes in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) - a U.S. native, warm-season, perennial, bioenergy crop indicates that high biomass yield and taller growth are associated with increased plant N-demand and supportive of bacteria with greater rates of N2-fixation in the rhizosphere. Another crucial outcome of the thesis is a better description of the core and cultivar-specific taxa that comprise the switchgrass root-zone associated microbiome. The work in this dissertation has brought us closer to designing N supply strategies by utilizing the natural microbial communities to balance the N-cycle in agroecosystems and support a sustainable environment. / Ph. D.

Invasive plant species threaten native plant communities and inhibit efforts to restore disturbed landscapes. Surface coal mines in the Appalachian Mountains are some of the most disturbed landscapes in North America. Moreover, there is not a comprehensive understanding of the land cover characteristics of post- mined lands in Appalachia. Better information on mined lands' vegetative cover and ecosystem recovery status is necessary for implementation of effective environmental management practices. The invasive autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellata) is abundant on former coal surface mines, often outcompeting native trees due to its faster growth rate. The frequent revisit time and spatial and spectral resolution of Landsat satellites make Landsat imagery well suited for mapping and characterizing land cover and forest recovery on former coal surface mines. I performed a multitemporal classification using a random forest analysis to map autumn olive on former and current surface coal mines in southwest Virginia. Imagery from the Operational Land Imager on Landsat 8 were used as input data for the study. Calibration and validation data for use in model development were obtained using high-resolution aerial imagery. Results indicate that autumn olive cover is sufficiently dense to enable detection using Landsat imagery on approximately 12.6% of the current and former surface coal mines located in the study area that have been mined since the early 1980s. The classified map produced here had a user's and producer's accuracy of 85.3% and 78.6% respectively for the autumn olive coverage class. Overall accuracy in reference to an independent validation dataset was 96.8%. These results indicate that autumn olive growing on reclaimed coal mines in Virginia and elsewhere in the Appalachian coalfields can be mapped using Landsat imagery. Additionally, autumn olive occurrence is a significant landscape feature on former surface coal mines in the Virginia coalfields. / Master of Science

The objective of this prospective pilot study is to assess the feasibility of a minimally invasive, integrated endoscopic hemilaminectomy in chondrodystrophic dogs with clinically relevant Hansen type 1 intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE). Study subjects included five client-owned chondrodystrophic dogs under 15kg with an acute, single site IVDE between T10 and L5 of less than 90 days duration and no loss of deep pain perception. The extent of the extrusion could not exceed 2/3 the diameter of the cannula to be used as defined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A postoperative MRI was performed to assess remaining spinal cord compression. If significant compression remained, patients returned to surgery for a standard, open hemilaminectomy. Only the first dog required conversion to an open approach which resulted in adequate decompression. The same dog had a significant surgical complication of iatrogenic damage to the spinal cord during the minimally invasive approach. The other 4 dogs had no complications and achieved adequate spinal cord decompression. Three dogs eventually returned to normal neurologic status and another was improved compared to presentation. One dog was euthanized for reasons unrelated to IVDE. The authors conclude that a minimally invasive, integrated endoscopic hemilaminectomy is a feasible approach and can allow for adequate decompression of the spinal cord secondary to acute, single-site extrusion. Endoscopic approaches have a steep learning curve and extra care is required in the learning phase to avoid complications. Further studies are warranted to compare the safety and efficacy of this technique to a standard approach. / Master of Science / Acute intervertebral disc extrusion, or "slipped disc", is a common spinal emergency in dogs, particularly in small, chondrodystrophic breeds like dachshunds. Surgery is aimed at removing the disc material causing spinal cord compression. The traditional approach, known as a hemilaminectomy, involves elevating the muscles along the spine over multiple vertebrae, followed by creating a window in the bone with a surgical burr. Minimally invasive spinal surgery that minimizes the elevation of muscles, has the potential to decrease postoperative pain, surgical time, hospital stay, intraoperative blood loss and recovery time. This study was designed to assess the use of a minimally invasive, integrated endoscopic approach to a hemilaminectomy in clinical patients. Five dogs were enrolled with an acute, single site intervertebral disc extrusion between T10 and L5 that was no more than 2/3 the diameter of the cannula to be used in surgery. Study subjects were chondrodystrophic breeds under 15kg. All dogs had intact deep pain perception. Spinal cord compression was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) both before and after a minimally invasive approach. If significant acute compression remained, a standard, open approach was immediately performed. Spinal cord decompression was adequate in all but one dog which required a second procedure to remove the remaining material. This same dog had accidental damage to the spinal cord during the minimally invasive approach. Three dogs eventually returned to normal neurologic status and the dog that required a second, traditional approach surgery eventually improved compared to his preoperative status. One dog was improving but euthanized eight days later due to chronic disease unrelated to IVDE. This approach is feasible for decompressing the spinal cord after a single site, acute intervertebral disc extrusion in a chondrodystrophic dog. However, like any endoscopic surgery, previous experience is of great benefit and errors are more likely to happen during the learning phase.

Invasive species often encounter climatic conditions that differ significantly from those of their native range. These environmental shifts may trigger phenotypic responses, resulting through some combination of adaptation and plasticity, that enable the invader to persist under novel thermal regimes. In this dissertation, I examine phenotypic changes in a tropical lizard that has successful invaded a cooler temperate climate, specifically examining traits that may promote survival and reproduction in their new range. First, I examined physiological traits, as I predicted greater cold tolerance would be necessary to survival in the invasive range. I found that invasive populations tolerated lower temperatures, exhibited greater maximum sprint speeds, and had higher metabolic rates than native populations. Next, I examined how life-history traits may change in the invasive range in order to facilitate reproduction under shorter breeding and growing seasons. I found that compared to native females, invasive females had shorter interlaying intervals and produced eggs that hatched more quickly. Once I quantified changes physiological and life-history traits that may have aided in successful establishment, I executed a common garden study to determine whether changes were the result of adaptation or plasticity. I found that differences in critical thermal minimum, metabolic rate, interlaying interval, and incubation period were maintained in lab-reared offspring, while measures of sprint speed converged. My results provide evidence that life history and physiology can evolve rapidly during invasion. These findings are useful to understanding contemporary evolution, and also provide valuable insight on how species respond to environmental shifts, both during invasions and as a result of climate change. / Doctor of Philosophy / When species invade a new area, they often face different climates that make can make survival and reproduction challenging. In response, species may alter traits in order to adjust to new temperatures and conditions. In this dissertation, I examine trait changes in a tropical lizard that has successfully invaded a cooler temperate climate, specifically examining traits that may help them to survive and reproduce in their new range. First, I examined physiological traits, as I predicted greater cold tolerance would be necessary to survival in the invasive range. I found that invasive populations tolerated lower temperatures, could sprint faster, and had higher metabolism than native populations. Next, I examined how reproductive traits may change in the invasive range in order to facilitate reproduction under shorter breeding and growing seasons. I found that compared to native females, invasive females had less time between egg lays and produced eggs that hatched more quickly. Once I assessed how traits may have changed in the new range, I determined whether changes resulted from evolution or not. I found that differences in low temperature tolerance, metabolic rate, the time between egg lays, and incubation period were the result of evolution, while sprint speed did not seem to be the result of evolution. My results provide evidence that traits can evolve rapidly during invasion, allowing invasive species to persist and spread in new areas.

1. Bibliometric study in pediatric minimally invasive surgery (MIS) Pediatric MIS is a standard technique worldwide for many pediatric surgical diseases and we aimed to analyze the research activity in this field. Articles on pediatric MIS (1991–2020) were analyzed from the Web of ScienceTM for the total number of publications, citations, journals, and IFs. Of these, the 50 most cited publications were evaluated in detail and classified according to the level of evidence (i.e., study design) and topic (i.e., surgical procedure). In total, 4464 publications and 53,111 citations from 684 journals on pediatric MIS were identified. The 50 most cited papers were published from 32 institutions in the USA/Canada (n = 28), Europe (n = 19), and Asia (n = 3) in 12 journals. Four authors (USA/Europe) contributed to 26% of the 50 most cited papers as first/senior author. Hot topics were laparoscopic pyeloplasty (n = 9), inguinal hernia repair (n = 7), appendectomy, and pyloromyotomy (n = 4 each). The majority of publications were retrospective studies (n = 33) and case reports (n = 6) (IF 5.2 ± 3.2; impact index 16.5 ± 6.4; citations 125 ± 39.4). They were cited as often as articles with high evidence levels (meta-analyses, n = 2; randomized controlled trials, n = 7; prospective studies, n = 2) (IF 12.9 ± 22.5; impact index 14.0 ± 6.5; citations 125 ± 34.7; p > 0.05). 2. Altmetric study in pediatric surgery Altmetric analysis assessing online mentions of publications is a new method to evaluate awareness to research output. We aimed to identify and characterize the top 100 articles with the highest Altmetric Attention Score (AAS) in pediatric surgery. Publications from core pediatric surgical journals (J Pediatr Surg, J Pediatr Surg Case Rep, Eur J Pediatr Surg, European J Pediatr Surg Rep, Pediatr Surg Int, Semin Pediatr Surg) were retrieved from www.altmetric.com in January 2023 and the top 100 publications were identified. Characteristics of each publication were analyzed. Publications ranked 93 to 101 had an identical AAS of 21. Thus, 101 articles were included for further analysis. The top 101 AAS articles were published between 1974 and 2022, preferentially from the United States (64%) and mainly in J Pediatr Surg (73%), followed by J Pediatr Surg Case Rep, Pediatr Surg Int, Semin Pediatr Surg, and Eur J Pediatr Surg. Their AAS ranged between 21 and 389 (median 33) with X (formerly Twitter) being mostly responsible for online mentions (n=2189, 75%). The number of citations ranged from 0 to 358 (median 16) and did not correlate with the AAS. Retrospective study design (33%) with low evidence level IV (49%) was the dominant study type. 3. Conclusions According to our bibliometric study in pediatric MIS, research activity increased over the last 30 years, with a golden decade in the early 21st century. Laparoscopic pyeloplasty and inguinal hernia repair accounted for most of the top 50 citations. Retrospective studies and case reports were the most common type of publication. Studies with high level of evidence such as randomized controlled trials are missing, especially on advanced techniques in pediatric MIS. For our altmetric study of publications in core pediatric surgery journals, we analyzed the top 101 most mentioned pediatric surgery articles in six pediatric journals. Among the pediatric surgical journals, the Journal of Pediatric Surgery is the main source for high-profile publications in pediatric surgery. The altmetric score of articles is predominantly achieved by their propagation via X (formerly Twitter), irrespective of study design, level of evidence or recognition by the scientific community. Therefore, active “twitterism” may play the key role in reaching high AAS.

Hintergrund und Zielstellung: Die Spätblühende Traubenkirsche aus Nordamerika stellt eine erhebliche Herausforderung für die Renaturierung von Kiefernforsten in Mitteleuropa dar. Die Bildung dichter Vegetationsschichten durch diese invasive Baumart führt zu erheblichen ökologischen Veränderungen am Waldboden. Das Ziel dieser Studie ist es, Wege zu finden, wie standortgerechte Laub- und Laubmischwälder durch das Zulassen natürlicher Prozesse wie Sukzession und Naturverjüngung entwickelt werden können, während gleichzeitig die menschliche Eingriffsintensität minimiert wird. Ein zentraler Aspekt dabei ist die Frage, ob sich heimische Laubbaumarten unter dem Einfluss der Spätblühenden Traubenkirsche erfolgreich verjüngen können und wie eine unterstützende Einbringung dieser Arten in die Dominanzbestände erfolgen kann, um langfristig eine Verdrängung der invasiven Art zu ermöglichen. Material und Methoden: Die Studie gliedert sich in drei Arbeitsschwerpunkte: Untersuchungen zur Bestandesarchitektur und Strahlungsmessungen, Pflanzversuche unter verschiedenen Dominanzbeständen und Gewächshausversuche zur Keimung und frühen Entwicklung von Baumarten. Die Freilanduntersuchungen wurden in zwei kieferngeprägten Gebieten in Sachsen und Brandenburg durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Entwicklung der Dominanzbestände im Laufe der Zeit zu einer Selbstdifferenzierung führt, wobei die Strahlungsverfügbarkeit mit dem Alter der Bestände zunimmt, was die Etablierung von Schattbaumarten begünstigt. Die Reaktion der verschiedenen Baumarten auf die Wuchsbedingungen unter den Dominanzbeständen variiert, wobei einige Arten besser gedeihen als andere. Die Spätblühende Traubenkirsche beeinflusst die Keimung und frühe Entwicklung verschiedener Baumarten im Gewächshausversuch. Schlussfolgerung und Handlungsempfehlung: Es ist möglich, die Spätblühende Traubenkirsche langfristig durch die Integration sukzessionaler Prozesse zu verdrängen. Dies erfordert jedoch eine angepasste waldbauliche Strategie, um die Etablierung heimischer Baumarten zu fördern. Die künstliche Einbringung geeigneter Baumarten kann dabei helfen, den Verjüngungszyklus zu brechen. Allerdings ist eine vollständige Eliminierung der Traubenkirsche unwahrscheinlich, und Störfaktoren wie hoher Verbissdruck können die natürliche Sukzession hemmen. Es ist daher entscheidend, die Dynamik zwischen invasiver Art und natürlicher Vegetation sorgfältig zu steuern, um langfristig erfolgreiche Renaturierungsmaßnahmen umzusetzen.:Inhaltsverzeichnis II Abkürzungsverzeichnis VI 1. Allgemeine Einleitung 1 2. Stand des Wissens 6 2.1 Renaturierung von Waldökosystemen 6 2.2 Das Problem der Spätblühenden Traubenkirsche 7 2.3 Grundsätze zur Entwicklungssteuerung auf DBU-Naturerbeflächen 13 3. Allgemeine Methoden 3.1 Untersuchungsgebiet 16 3.2 Hemisphärische Fotografie 20 3.3 Mathematisch-statistische Auswertung 3.3.1 Angewandte statistische Methoden 27 3.3.2 Herleitung statistischer Modelle 31 4. Spezieller Teil I: Strahlungsentwicklung 4.1 Einleitung 35 4.2 Material und Methoden 4.2.1 Versuchsdesign 38 4.2.2 Datenerhebung 41 4.3 Ergebnisse 4.3.1 Charakterisierung der Versuchsbestände 46 4.3.2 Verjüngung der Spätblühenden Traubenkirsche 55 4.3.3 Modellierung der Strahlungsentwicklung 57 4.4 Diskussion 65 4.5 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 88 5. Spezieller Teil II: Pflanz- und Aussaatversuch 5.1 Einleitung 91 5.2 Material und Methoden 5.2.1 Versuchs- und Referenzflächen 94 5.2.2 Pflanzversuch 105 5.2.3 Aussaatversuch 110 5.3 Ergebnisse 5.3.1 Vorbemerkung 115 5.3.2 Klimatische Wirkung der Versuchs- und Referenzbestände 115 5.3.3 Mortalität der Baumarten im Pflanzversuch 118 5.3.4 Wachstum der Baumarten im Pflanzversuch 5.3.4.1 Sprosslänge 122 5.3.4.2 Wurzelhalsdurchmesser 130 5.3.4.3 Trockenmasse 137 5.3.4.4 Allokationen 141 5.3.5 Modellierung des Pflanzenwachstums 5.3.5.1 Modellvoraussetzungen 143 5.3.5.2 Einfluss des Bestandestyps 144 5.3.5.3 Einfluss des Alters des Dominanzbestands 5.3.5.3.1 Vorbemerkung 149 5.3.5.3.2 Betrachtungszeitraum der Vegetationsperioden I–III 150 5.3.5.3.3 Betrachtungszeitraum der Vegetationsperioden IV–V 154 5.3.6 Entwicklung der Baumarten im Aussaatversuch 158 5.4 Diskussion 5.4.1 Aussagefähigkeit der Versuchsanlage 162 5.4.2 Wirkung der Versuchsbestände auf die Versuchsbaumarten 176 5.4.3 Keimung der Baumarten auf den Versuchs- und Referenzflächen 192 5.5 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 195 6. Spezieller Teil III: Gewächshausversuch 6.1 Einleitung 199 6.2 Material und Methoden 6.2.1 Versuchsaufbau 202 6.2.2 Datenerhebung 212 6.3 Ergebnisse 6.3.1 Auflauferfolg und Pflanzenentwicklung 215 6.3.2 Modellierung des Keimlingswachstums 6.3.2.1 Modellformulierung 220 6.3.2.2 Sprosslänge 221 6.3.2.3 Wurzelhalsdurchmesser 224 6.3.2.4 Stabilitätsweiser: H/D-Verhältnis 227 6.3.2.5 Gesamttrockenmasse 228 6.4 Diskussion 6.4.1 Aussagefähigkeit der Versuchsanlage 233 6.4.2 Lebensfähigkeit, Keimfähigkeit und Auflaufprozent 239 6.4.3 Einfluss der Strahlungsverfügbarkeit 240 6.4.4 Einfluss des Substrats 246 6.5 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 253 7. Zusammenführende Diskussion 7.1 Entwicklung und Dynamik in den untersuchten Waldbeständen 255 7.2 Einordnung in die Behandlungskonzepte 262 8. Schlussfolgerungen und Handlungsempfehlungen 283 9. Ausblick 290 10. Zusammenfassung 292 11. Summary 297 Literaturverzeichnis 302 Abbildungsverzeichnis 326 Tabellenverzeichnis 335 Anhang i Selbstständigkeitserklärung

Invasive species are a growing issue that will compound under climate change. Rising temperatures, fluctuating precipitation and new transportation pathways will create new opportunities for invasive establishment. A direct and impactful consequence of climate change is the removal of climatic barriers to invasive survival. Species distribution modeling (SDM) for invasives must include an evaluation of future establishment potential so that managers can prioritize regions forecasted as high risk under climate change. Climatic SDMs effectively support pan-invasion risk assessments by forecasting potential invaded areas globally where climatic barriers have shifted the potential for establishment. Rarely is regional-scale climate variation considered in invasive SDMs, despite its relevance for pests that establish outside their native regional climate. Here, I apply a climatic pest risk framework to the Spotted Lanternfly grape pest (Lycorma delicatula, SLF). I assess how climate change shifts the establishment potential of SLF across important viticultural regions worldwide. I contrast an ensemble of three regional-scale SDMs to a global-scale SDM, which provided multiple predictions on how future regional climate variation might shift national SLF risk levels, impacting the global wine market. I found that the global suitable area for SLF will increase under climate change, with range expansion outpacing contractions by about 1.1 million km2. Expansions will primarily occur at present northern range edges in Europe, North America, and East Asia, and contractions will occur across the southern hemisphere. Next, 307 global viticultural regions (29% of 1,063 total sampled) will decrease in risk for SLF establishment and only 532 (50% of 1,063) will remain at any risk under climate change. Loss in SLF establishment risk under climate change followed a latitudinal gradient in the northern hemisphere. Meanwhile, only 85 known SLF populations (11% of 769 rarefied sample) will destabilize under climate change. Populations within the US and South Korean invaded ranges will remain stable with respect to climate. Our regional-scale ensemble emphasized the importance of mean winter temperature as a constraint on SLF establishment, with activity dropping sharply at -3°C. This method for regional-scale ensemble modeling should be utilized in similar invasive or climate change SDM applications to make more refined SDM predictions and to reduce uncertainty. Viticulturalists can and should use our provided tools and model framework to understand the risk of SLF establishment at their locality as climate change removes barriers to this pest’s establishment globally. / Biology