2 pp. / Revised / The plants on this list represent plants less likely to be eaten by javelina.

2 p. / Originally published 2001. / The plants on this list represent plants less likely to be eaten by javelina. Reviewed 10/2016. Originally published 2001.

Feral pigs, European wild boars and their crosses are ubiquitous and found in all ecological zones from Florida to California. These introduced animals are recorded in 39 US states and four Canadian provinces. Texas currently has an estimated population of 1-4 million pigs with the potential to exceed 4 million based on suitable habitat estimates. Feral pigs can modify local flora and fauna and cause significant physical damage with their rooting activities. They can also reintroduce parasites and pathogens to previously parasite and pathogen free herds of domestic cattle, horses, sheep, and goats. The two overarching objectives of this research were to determine what role feral pigs have in the maintenance and possible distribution of fleas, lice, and ticks common to the three wildlife districts; and if they serve as bridging hosts for the same (or other) arthropods and their natural hosts. The supporting objectives were to establish host records of fleas, lice, and ticks parasitizing feral pigs; determine species assemblies within each of the three wildlife districts; and to compare species assemblies among the wildlife districts. Feral pigs (564) were taken from June 2008 to March 2011 using box, corral, and panel traps in three wildlife districts. Two hundred fifty six fleas, Pulex porcinus (Jordan and Rothschild), were collected from all gender and age classes of feral pigs at the South Texas Plains wildlife district. No fleas were collected at either the Hill Country or Post Oak Savannah wildlife districts. This is the first report of these fleas on feral pigs. Lice and ticks were collected from all gender and age classes of feral pigs from all sample sites. Only hog lice, Haematopinus suis, were collected at all three sample sites. Seven species of ticks were collected from the three sites: Amblyomma americanum, A. cajennense, A. maculatum, Dermacentor albipictus, D. halli, D. variabilis, and Ixodes scapularis. Amblyomma cajennense was collected only at the South Texas Plains sample site; A. americanum and I. scapularis were collected only at the Hill Country and Post Oak sample sites. This study reports that feral pigs are serving as hosts for one species of flea, one species of lice and seven species of ticks common to Texas.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-15T20:31:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlessandroMLM_DISSERT.pdf: 5295776 bytes, checksum: 660aceb095a002197fe2c4cf31191b3e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-08 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Inhaled anesthesia is a widely used technique in the different domestic animal species; however it is little studied in wild animals. The aim of this study was to determine the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane (SEVO) in peccaries (Tayassu tajacu), investigate its effects on physiological (heart and respiratory rates, temperature and blood pressure) and blood gas analysis as long as the quality of anesthesia recovery time. Ten adult male peccaries weighting 22.4 ± 1.31 kg were used. MAC determination was obtained through intentional motor response evaluated after supramaximal noxious stimuli by clamping the interdigital space. A positive or negative response to the stimulus was recorded, and ET SEVO then increased (if positive response) or decreased (if negative response) by 10%. Individual MAC was the average of multiple determinations. Physiological parameters and blood gas analysis at different times (before induction of anesthesia, to a concentration of 6%, after MAC determination, at MAC, and after extubation 1.5 MAC) were analyzed by analysis of variance (One Way RM ANOVA) for repeated measures followed by Tukey, the degree of significance of 5% (p <0,05). The MAC of sevoflurane for collared peccaries was determined as 4.26 ± 0.68% with the animals fully recovered at 32,0 ± 9,70 minutes. It was concluded by this study that the MAC for SEVO is similar to recent values reported for pigs, with fully short recovery time, but higher than general values reported for other species / A anestesia inalatória é uma técnica utilizada em diferentes espécies animais domésticas, no entanto pouco estudada em algumas espécies silvestres. Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a concentração alveolar mínima (CAM) do sevofluorano em catetos (Tayassu tajacu), investigar seus efeitos nos parâmetros fisiológicos (frequências cardíaca e respiratória, temperatura e pressão arterial) e hemogasométricos além do tempo e a qualidade da recuperação anestésica. Foram utilizados dez catetos machos, adultos, hígidos, pesando 22.4 ± 1.31 kg. A determinação da CAM foi obtida através da resposta motora intencional avaliada após estímulos nociceptivos supramáximos pelo pinçamento do espaço interdigital. De acordo com as respostas obtidas (positivas ou negativas), a concentração foi aumentada ou diminuída em 10%. A média aritmética entre as concentrações do agente inalatório (com e sem resposta) foi utilizada na determinação da concentração alveolar mínima para esta espécie. Os parâmetros fisiológicos e hemogasométricos nos diferentes momentos (antes da indução da anestesia, a uma concentração de 6%, após a determinação da CAM, após 1,5 CAM e à extubação) foram analisados por analise de variância (One way ANOVA RM) para medidas repetidas seguidas por Tukey, sendo o grau de significância de 5% (p<0,05). A CAM de sevofluorano para catetos foi determinada em 4,26 ± 0,68%, com os animais se recuperando totalmente aos 32,0 ± 9,70 minutos. Concluiu-se neste estudo que a CAM para SEVO é semelhante aos valores recentes relatados para suínos com ótima qualidade da recuperação e curto tempo, porém maiores que os valores relatados para outras espécies