<p>Modern krigföring genomförs till stor del i form av gemensamma operationer. Helikoptern är en relativt ny tillgång i modern krigföring men används i stor utsträckning för olika uppgifter. Helikopterns förmåga att flyga men ändå bibehålla en nära kontakt med markstyrkorna har gjort den unik, men det har även inneburit att den har varit svår att placera, luft eller mark, vilket i sin tur inneburit att teoriutvecklingen kring helikoptern gått långsamt. Uppsatsen skall beskriva ett tänkbart sätt att nyttja helikopterns förmågor i gemensamma operationer. Arbetet utförs i två steg där första steget görs för att generera en teori utifrån teorier om kombinerad bekämpning, gemensamma operationer och teorier om helikopterns förmågor. Därefter genomförs en fallstudie i syfte att undersöka i vilken utsträckning teorin kan anses vara prövbar i ett senare skede.</p> / <p>Modern warfare of today is to a large extent carried out as joint operations. The helicopter is a fairly new asset for modern warfare but is used frequently for different tasks. The helicopters ability to fly and yet remain in close contact with the ground forces makes it unique, but that is also one of the major reasons why it has been hard to lable the helicopter, air or ground, which in turn is why theory development regarding helicopters has been slow. This essay will attemp to describe a plausible way to use helikopters in joint operations. It will be done in two steps where the first step aims to generate a theory that derives from the theories behind combined arms warfare, joint operations and theories regarding the helicopter abilitys. The theory will be used in an exemplifying case study that aims to investigate to what extent the theory can be regarded as valid and subjected to a test.</p>

Modern krigföring genomförs till stor del i form av gemensamma operationer. Helikoptern är en relativt ny tillgång i modern krigföring men används i stor utsträckning för olika uppgifter. Helikopterns förmåga att flyga men ändå bibehålla en nära kontakt med markstyrkorna har gjort den unik, men det har även inneburit att den har varit svår att placera, luft eller mark, vilket i sin tur inneburit att teoriutvecklingen kring helikoptern gått långsamt. Uppsatsen skall beskriva ett tänkbart sätt att nyttja helikopterns förmågor i gemensamma operationer. Arbetet utförs i två steg där första steget görs för att generera en teori utifrån teorier om kombinerad bekämpning, gemensamma operationer och teorier om helikopterns förmågor. Därefter genomförs en fallstudie i syfte att undersöka i vilken utsträckning teorin kan anses vara prövbar i ett senare skede. / Modern warfare of today is to a large extent carried out as joint operations. The helicopter is a fairly new asset for modern warfare but is used frequently for different tasks. The helicopters ability to fly and yet remain in close contact with the ground forces makes it unique, but that is also one of the major reasons why it has been hard to lable the helicopter, air or ground, which in turn is why theory development regarding helicopters has been slow. This essay will attemp to describe a plausible way to use helikopters in joint operations. It will be done in two steps where the first step aims to generate a theory that derives from the theories behind combined arms warfare, joint operations and theories regarding the helicopter abilitys. The theory will be used in an exemplifying case study that aims to investigate to what extent the theory can be regarded as valid and subjected to a test.

A presente tese em por objetivo ilustrar como se dá o modelo conjunto - uma estrutura que compreende institucionalização, educação militar conjunta, assim como operações conjuntas, de modo a engajar as três forças singulares – por meio de uma abordagem híbrida, composta tanto pela discussão teórica e empírica quanto pela possibilidade de aplicação. Tomando por exemplo o caso britânico, o qual apresenta pioneirismo especialmente na educação militar conjunta, a construção da abordagem utilizada na presente tese perpassa por uma revisão compreensiva das abordagens sobre mudança organizacional e inovação militar, buscando demonstrar os limites das abordagens lineares e propondo uma abordagem sistêmica, demonstrando seu potencial de análise na visualização do processo de jointery e do modelo conjunto per se. Neste sentido, a teoria complexa e a estrutura de fractais são apresentadas como alternativa e, por meio de estudo de caso e process-tracing, buscou-se iluminar os parâmetros gerais para o estabelecimento do modelo conjunto dentro do espectro da Gestão de Defesa, tendo como produto um mecanismo de diagnóstico dos desafios nesta seara aplicável ao caso brasileiro. A tese de divide em cinco capítulos, os quais podem ser separados em ambientação, estudo de caso e aplicação da abordagem teórica inferida. Na ambientação, apresentam-se os antecedentes das operações conjuntas em termos de emprego, formação e suas respectivas intermitências, além de um quadro analítico prévio a respeito do Brasil em termos geopolíticos e de prospecção. No estudo de caso, aprofundam-se as análises acerca do caso britânico e dos fundamentos do jointery em sua raiz institucional, conduzindo às forças motrizes do processo e aos parâmetros gerais. Por fim, aplica-se o quadro diagnóstico ao caso brasileiro em termos de inferência de lições a serem aprendidas no recente laboratório de experiências instaurado nesta seara e, especialmente, como meio de condução ao princípio apregoado para esta modalidade de operações, o da interoperabilidade, demonstrando os desafios de gestão que se apresentam para este objetivo. Logo, visando agregar ao debate corrente de Estudos Estratégicos Internacionais e de Estudos de Segurança e Defesa uma perspectiva diferenciada em termos de abordagem teórica e análise ao elencar uma abordagem híbrida visando diagnosticar os desafios de gestão correntes e propondo uma agenda de pesquisas para as operações conjuntas no Brasil, questão recente e passível de amplo debate. / This thesis aims to offer illustrations about the joint model - a structure which abridges institutionalisation, joint military education, as well as joint operations, engaging all the single services – by means of a hybrid approach composed by the theoretical and empirical discussions as well as applicability. Taking the British case for study due to its pioneering spirit, particularly concerning joint professional military education, the approach built in this thesis includes a comprehensive review of organizational change and military innovation approaches aiming to demonstrate the limits of the linear approaches while proposing a systemic one, presenting its analysis potential to observe the jointery process and the joint model as a whole. In this sense, the complexity theory and the fractals structure posit as an alternative, as it was aimed to enlighten the ground parameters for the establishment of a joint model through case study and process-tracing within the scope of Defence Management. The product was a diagnosis mechanism capable to check the challenges in this area concerning the Brazilian case. This thesis was divided in five chapters, which by their turn can be separated in ambiance, case study and application of the inferred approach. The background of the joint operations regarding deployment, education and their intermittences are presented in the ambiance, besides a brief analytical framework presenting Brazil by means of geopolitical and prospective analyses. The analyses regarding United Kingdom and the institutional grounds of the jointery process are presented as the case study, also including the driving forces of the process and the ground parameters as well. As a final part, a diagnostic framework inferred from the proposed approach is applied to the Brazilian case. It was determined upon the case study and the process tracing, presenting lessons to be learned within the recent experiences lab installed in joint operations area, particularly regarding the much-vaunted principle of interoperability as management challenges are posited to reach such objective. Therefore, the present thesis aims to gather a different perspective to the current debate of International Strategic Studies and of Defence and Security Studies in Brazil by offering a hybrid approach aiming to present the current management challenges in the search of a joint model as well as proposing a research agenda for the joint operations in Brazil, a recent issue capable to instigate a broad discussion.

A presente tese em por objetivo ilustrar como se dá o modelo conjunto - uma estrutura que compreende institucionalização, educação militar conjunta, assim como operações conjuntas, de modo a engajar as três forças singulares – por meio de uma abordagem híbrida, composta tanto pela discussão teórica e empírica quanto pela possibilidade de aplicação. Tomando por exemplo o caso britânico, o qual apresenta pioneirismo especialmente na educação militar conjunta, a construção da abordagem utilizada na presente tese perpassa por uma revisão compreensiva das abordagens sobre mudança organizacional e inovação militar, buscando demonstrar os limites das abordagens lineares e propondo uma abordagem sistêmica, demonstrando seu potencial de análise na visualização do processo de jointery e do modelo conjunto per se. Neste sentido, a teoria complexa e a estrutura de fractais são apresentadas como alternativa e, por meio de estudo de caso e process-tracing, buscou-se iluminar os parâmetros gerais para o estabelecimento do modelo conjunto dentro do espectro da Gestão de Defesa, tendo como produto um mecanismo de diagnóstico dos desafios nesta seara aplicável ao caso brasileiro. A tese de divide em cinco capítulos, os quais podem ser separados em ambientação, estudo de caso e aplicação da abordagem teórica inferida. Na ambientação, apresentam-se os antecedentes das operações conjuntas em termos de emprego, formação e suas respectivas intermitências, além de um quadro analítico prévio a respeito do Brasil em termos geopolíticos e de prospecção. No estudo de caso, aprofundam-se as análises acerca do caso britânico e dos fundamentos do jointery em sua raiz institucional, conduzindo às forças motrizes do processo e aos parâmetros gerais. Por fim, aplica-se o quadro diagnóstico ao caso brasileiro em termos de inferência de lições a serem aprendidas no recente laboratório de experiências instaurado nesta seara e, especialmente, como meio de condução ao princípio apregoado para esta modalidade de operações, o da interoperabilidade, demonstrando os desafios de gestão que se apresentam para este objetivo. Logo, visando agregar ao debate corrente de Estudos Estratégicos Internacionais e de Estudos de Segurança e Defesa uma perspectiva diferenciada em termos de abordagem teórica e análise ao elencar uma abordagem híbrida visando diagnosticar os desafios de gestão correntes e propondo uma agenda de pesquisas para as operações conjuntas no Brasil, questão recente e passível de amplo debate. / This thesis aims to offer illustrations about the joint model - a structure which abridges institutionalisation, joint military education, as well as joint operations, engaging all the single services – by means of a hybrid approach composed by the theoretical and empirical discussions as well as applicability. Taking the British case for study due to its pioneering spirit, particularly concerning joint professional military education, the approach built in this thesis includes a comprehensive review of organizational change and military innovation approaches aiming to demonstrate the limits of the linear approaches while proposing a systemic one, presenting its analysis potential to observe the jointery process and the joint model as a whole. In this sense, the complexity theory and the fractals structure posit as an alternative, as it was aimed to enlighten the ground parameters for the establishment of a joint model through case study and process-tracing within the scope of Defence Management. The product was a diagnosis mechanism capable to check the challenges in this area concerning the Brazilian case. This thesis was divided in five chapters, which by their turn can be separated in ambiance, case study and application of the inferred approach. The background of the joint operations regarding deployment, education and their intermittences are presented in the ambiance, besides a brief analytical framework presenting Brazil by means of geopolitical and prospective analyses. The analyses regarding United Kingdom and the institutional grounds of the jointery process are presented as the case study, also including the driving forces of the process and the ground parameters as well. As a final part, a diagnostic framework inferred from the proposed approach is applied to the Brazilian case. It was determined upon the case study and the process tracing, presenting lessons to be learned within the recent experiences lab installed in joint operations area, particularly regarding the much-vaunted principle of interoperability as management challenges are posited to reach such objective. Therefore, the present thesis aims to gather a different perspective to the current debate of International Strategic Studies and of Defence and Security Studies in Brazil by offering a hybrid approach aiming to present the current management challenges in the search of a joint model as well as proposing a research agenda for the joint operations in Brazil, a recent issue capable to instigate a broad discussion.

A presente tese em por objetivo ilustrar como se dá o modelo conjunto - uma estrutura que compreende institucionalização, educação militar conjunta, assim como operações conjuntas, de modo a engajar as três forças singulares – por meio de uma abordagem híbrida, composta tanto pela discussão teórica e empírica quanto pela possibilidade de aplicação. Tomando por exemplo o caso britânico, o qual apresenta pioneirismo especialmente na educação militar conjunta, a construção da abordagem utilizada na presente tese perpassa por uma revisão compreensiva das abordagens sobre mudança organizacional e inovação militar, buscando demonstrar os limites das abordagens lineares e propondo uma abordagem sistêmica, demonstrando seu potencial de análise na visualização do processo de jointery e do modelo conjunto per se. Neste sentido, a teoria complexa e a estrutura de fractais são apresentadas como alternativa e, por meio de estudo de caso e process-tracing, buscou-se iluminar os parâmetros gerais para o estabelecimento do modelo conjunto dentro do espectro da Gestão de Defesa, tendo como produto um mecanismo de diagnóstico dos desafios nesta seara aplicável ao caso brasileiro. A tese de divide em cinco capítulos, os quais podem ser separados em ambientação, estudo de caso e aplicação da abordagem teórica inferida. Na ambientação, apresentam-se os antecedentes das operações conjuntas em termos de emprego, formação e suas respectivas intermitências, além de um quadro analítico prévio a respeito do Brasil em termos geopolíticos e de prospecção. No estudo de caso, aprofundam-se as análises acerca do caso britânico e dos fundamentos do jointery em sua raiz institucional, conduzindo às forças motrizes do processo e aos parâmetros gerais. Por fim, aplica-se o quadro diagnóstico ao caso brasileiro em termos de inferência de lições a serem aprendidas no recente laboratório de experiências instaurado nesta seara e, especialmente, como meio de condução ao princípio apregoado para esta modalidade de operações, o da interoperabilidade, demonstrando os desafios de gestão que se apresentam para este objetivo. Logo, visando agregar ao debate corrente de Estudos Estratégicos Internacionais e de Estudos de Segurança e Defesa uma perspectiva diferenciada em termos de abordagem teórica e análise ao elencar uma abordagem híbrida visando diagnosticar os desafios de gestão correntes e propondo uma agenda de pesquisas para as operações conjuntas no Brasil, questão recente e passível de amplo debate. / This thesis aims to offer illustrations about the joint model - a structure which abridges institutionalisation, joint military education, as well as joint operations, engaging all the single services – by means of a hybrid approach composed by the theoretical and empirical discussions as well as applicability. Taking the British case for study due to its pioneering spirit, particularly concerning joint professional military education, the approach built in this thesis includes a comprehensive review of organizational change and military innovation approaches aiming to demonstrate the limits of the linear approaches while proposing a systemic one, presenting its analysis potential to observe the jointery process and the joint model as a whole. In this sense, the complexity theory and the fractals structure posit as an alternative, as it was aimed to enlighten the ground parameters for the establishment of a joint model through case study and process-tracing within the scope of Defence Management. The product was a diagnosis mechanism capable to check the challenges in this area concerning the Brazilian case. This thesis was divided in five chapters, which by their turn can be separated in ambiance, case study and application of the inferred approach. The background of the joint operations regarding deployment, education and their intermittences are presented in the ambiance, besides a brief analytical framework presenting Brazil by means of geopolitical and prospective analyses. The analyses regarding United Kingdom and the institutional grounds of the jointery process are presented as the case study, also including the driving forces of the process and the ground parameters as well. As a final part, a diagnostic framework inferred from the proposed approach is applied to the Brazilian case. It was determined upon the case study and the process tracing, presenting lessons to be learned within the recent experiences lab installed in joint operations area, particularly regarding the much-vaunted principle of interoperability as management challenges are posited to reach such objective. Therefore, the present thesis aims to gather a different perspective to the current debate of International Strategic Studies and of Defence and Security Studies in Brazil by offering a hybrid approach aiming to present the current management challenges in the search of a joint model as well as proposing a research agenda for the joint operations in Brazil, a recent issue capable to instigate a broad discussion.

The aim of the present diploma thesis is to point out the importance of creating and using {\clq}qCatalouge of standard operation procedures for joint operations of the IRS`` because the individual bodies of the Integrated Rescue System (hereinafter {\clq}qIZS``) had not been clarified as to what tasks they were supposed to perform on the emergency scene before such catalougue was issued. The creation of the said catalougues, based on the need to unite and coordinate the activites of the public administration as well as to set definite and unambiguous procedures and commanding authorities when on the emergency scene, refers to detailed responsibilities of the individual bodies of the Integrated Rescue System on the emergency scene. It is the most demanding but most promising form of standardization in the Integrated Rescue System. The theoretical part deals with the legal issues related to the catalogues and their incorporation into the laws of the Czech Republic and the origins of individual standard operation procedures. Emphasis is mainly put on the body of the IZS selected for the purposes of this thesis {--} the Police of the Czech Republic and its irreplaceable position in this broad issue. An analysis of one selected standard operation procedure shows how broad is a seemingly trivial issue like investigation. Using the outcome of the survey evaluation, the empirical part points out how familiar the policemen are with the issues related to the Catalogue of standard operation procedures and how ready they are to use the Cataloque as a legal guideline in an emergency event. The conclusion of the thesis include a proposal of the procedure based on the available written documents, experience and possibilities given by the Catalogue and cooperating IZS bodies. Also, there was made a comparison between similar issues in the world and the results of the procedures and solutions.