Thesis--University of Florida. / Description based on print version record. Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 238-244).

El indio siempre ha sido un objeto importante en la literatura latinoamericana. Este referente indf gena ha pasado par un proceso evolutivo: el indianista y el neoindigenista (Marcos 445). Dentro del ultimo se desarrolla una tendencia llamada neoindigenismo (Rodriguez-Luis 46). El prop6sito de esta tesis es analizar la perspectiva indigenista y neoindigenista de las novelas Huasipungo y Porque se fueron las garzas par media del tratamiento de sus protagonistas y del lenguaje coma instrumento de la . representaci6n autentica de las culturas que se describen en estas obras. El enfoque en Huasipungo es mas institucional que el de Porque se fueron las garzas, el cual se preocupa par el mejoramiento de toda la sociedad, pero al mismo tiempo, le da importancia a la esencia cultural indf gena que es parte esencial de las individuos. Este estudio esta divide en cuatro partes: la humanidad del indfgena en la estructura social, exterioridad e interioridad de los protagonistas, ausencia hist6rica y busqueda ancestral, y el uso del lenguaje estandar y popular.

Este estudio busca analizar lo grotesco y su relación con la identidad nacional en las dos novelas más importantes de Jorge Icaza: Huasipungo (1934) y El Chulla Romero y Flores (1958). Estas obras exploran los temas de la animalización y la máscara social dentro del contexto de la sociedad ecuatoriana de la primera mitad del siglo XX para denunciar el abuso de los indígenas y el trauma del mestizo por tener sangre indígena. Estos dos conceptos se conectan con la noción de la construcción de una verdadera identidad nacional a través del indigenismo y el reconocimiento de la ascendencia nativa.

"Throughout the Andes eight out of ten people are Indians. , They are the destiny of Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia--but also a national burden..." The problems presented by this group are of primary importance, not only because the Indians represent such a large percentage of the population but also because factors such as modern communications make the indigent aware of his own misery as well as of the vast well-being which other groups enjoy. As novelists of Peru and Ecuador turn to examine national problems, their works provide us with new, amplified insight. Although their interpretations may seem exaggerated, they may be considered as representative of the thought or ideology of social reformers of those areas. Integral to the modern novel of social protest is the account of the role of the large landholder, the village priest, and the cholo or person of mixed blood in their relations with the Indian. Just as these three social types dominate Latin American society during the colonial and Independence periods, so do they play a leading role in the contemporary social novel.

(in English) This thesis focuses on the theme of the destruction of a world in the Hispanic American literature. Its principal part is a detailed analysis of the novels The Villagers, written by the Ecuadorian author Jorge Icaza, and The Kingdom of this World, written by the Cuban novelist Alejo Carpentier. Additional parts of the thesis are a concise outline of significant literary works which include the theme of the destruction of a world and a brief corpus analysis. The analysis compares the frequency of the usage of several words which are connected with the theme in the Hispanic American and Spanish literature. The thesis aims to answer the following questions: Is the theme of the destruction of a world characteristic for the Hispanic American literature? In which forms does it occur? How is the theme demonstrated in the literary works, and what are its features? The thesis also examines the relation between the Hispanic American reality and the presence of the theme in the writings of the authors born in that part of the World. The relation between the analysed literary works and the historical background of the period in which it was written is important for the theses as well as selected facts of the life stories of the authors. To a certain extent, it determined their literary output.