The relationship between stress and physical health has been well established in the medical and psychological literature. Mindfulness meditation is a practice that has been successfully used to reduce stress in several populations, and the construct itself has recently begun to be measured as a naturally occurring characteristic. A recent study demonstrating the significant relationships between mindfulness, stress, and physical health prompted the investigation in the present study of the possible mechanisms underlying these relationships. It was hypothesised that the relationship between mindfulness and physical health would be largely mediated by stress, and that in addition, mindfulness would explain a significant proportion of the variance in health after stress had been accounted for. Participants were 129 undergraduate students who completed a battery of self-report questionnaires including the Perceived Stress Scale, the Short-Form 36 Health Survey, and two recently developed measures of mindfulness; the Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale and the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills. Perceived stress was shown to account for a large proportion of the relationship between mindfulness and health, and mindfulness was also shown to explain a significant proportion of the variance in physical health after stress had been controlled for. An additional finding was that acceptance demonstrated stronger relationships with both physical and mental health than any of the other components of mindfulness studied. Potential mechanisms of mindfulness that may help explain these findings are discussed.

<p> </p><p>Sambandet mellan diabetes och kognitiv dysfunktion har visats i ett flertal studier detsenaste decenniet. Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturstudie var att belysa faktorersom påverkar omvårdnaden av personer med diabetes och kognitiv dysfunktion. Niovetenskapliga artiklar valdes ut i databaserna Cinahl, Clinical Evidence, Cochrane,ELIN@Kristianstad och psycINFO. Dessa kvalitetsbedömdes enligt granskningsmall.Artiklarna analyserades deduktivt enligt Kims domäner personen, omgivningen,yrkesfunktionen och mötet. Fyra huvudfynd identifierades: betydelsen för personen attanpassa sin livssituation och självidentitet, betydelsen av närståendes engagemang ochstöttning, den positiva effekten på den kognitiva förmågan vid regelbunden fysiskaktivitet samt att undervisning bör ske vid korta upprepade sessioner. Somsjuksköterska är det av stor vikt att ha kunskap om sambandet diabetes och kognitivdysfunktion. Beteendeförändringar hos dessa personer bör vara ett observandum somleder till noggrant omvårdnadsstatus. Sjuksköterskan bör i planeringen av omvårdnadoch hjälp till egenvård uppmärksamma både personen och dess närstående. Detframkom i denna litteraturstudie inga kvalitativa artiklar som beskrevegenvårdsstrategier ur ett personcentrerat perspektiv. Önskvärt vore att empiriskastudier kommer till stånd för att belysa detta område.</p> / <p>The relationship between diabetes and cognitive dysfunction has been shown in severalstudies in last decade. The aim of this systematic literature review was to illuminatefactors that affect the nursing care of people with diabetes and cognitive dysfunction.Nine scientific articles were selected form the databases Cinahl, Clinical Evidence,Cochrane, ELIN@Kristianstad and psycINFO. These were assessed according to aquality review template. The articles were analysed deductively according to SuzieKim´s domains of nursing client, client-nurse, environment and practice. Four keyfindingswhere identified: importance for the person to adjust their lives and selfidentity,importance of engagement and support from spouse, the positive effect ofregular physical activity on cognitive ability and that teaching should be done in severalshort sessions. As a nurse it is of great importance to have knowledge about the linkbetween diabetes and cognitive dysfunction. Changes in behaviour of these individualsshould be detected and lead to careful nursing status. Nurses should be aware of boththe person and her/his spouse in the planning of care and assistance to self-care.Unfortunately, no qualitative articles were found in this literature study who describedself-care strategies from a person-centred perspective. It would be of great importancethat further empirical studies are performed to illuminate this field.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>

Sambandet mellan diabetes och kognitiv dysfunktion har visats i ett flertal studier detsenaste decenniet. Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturstudie var att belysa faktorersom påverkar omvårdnaden av personer med diabetes och kognitiv dysfunktion. Niovetenskapliga artiklar valdes ut i databaserna Cinahl, Clinical Evidence, Cochrane,ELIN@Kristianstad och psycINFO. Dessa kvalitetsbedömdes enligt granskningsmall.Artiklarna analyserades deduktivt enligt Kims domäner personen, omgivningen,yrkesfunktionen och mötet. Fyra huvudfynd identifierades: betydelsen för personen attanpassa sin livssituation och självidentitet, betydelsen av närståendes engagemang ochstöttning, den positiva effekten på den kognitiva förmågan vid regelbunden fysiskaktivitet samt att undervisning bör ske vid korta upprepade sessioner. Somsjuksköterska är det av stor vikt att ha kunskap om sambandet diabetes och kognitivdysfunktion. Beteendeförändringar hos dessa personer bör vara ett observandum somleder till noggrant omvårdnadsstatus. Sjuksköterskan bör i planeringen av omvårdnadoch hjälp till egenvård uppmärksamma både personen och dess närstående. Detframkom i denna litteraturstudie inga kvalitativa artiklar som beskrevegenvårdsstrategier ur ett personcentrerat perspektiv. Önskvärt vore att empiriskastudier kommer till stånd för att belysa detta område. / The relationship between diabetes and cognitive dysfunction has been shown in severalstudies in last decade. The aim of this systematic literature review was to illuminatefactors that affect the nursing care of people with diabetes and cognitive dysfunction.Nine scientific articles were selected form the databases Cinahl, Clinical Evidence,Cochrane, ELIN@Kristianstad and psycINFO. These were assessed according to aquality review template. The articles were analysed deductively according to SuzieKim´s domains of nursing client, client-nurse, environment and practice. Four keyfindingswhere identified: importance for the person to adjust their lives and selfidentity,importance of engagement and support from spouse, the positive effect ofregular physical activity on cognitive ability and that teaching should be done in severalshort sessions. As a nurse it is of great importance to have knowledge about the linkbetween diabetes and cognitive dysfunction. Changes in behaviour of these individualsshould be detected and lead to careful nursing status. Nurses should be aware of boththe person and her/his spouse in the planning of care and assistance to self-care.Unfortunately, no qualitative articles were found in this literature study who describedself-care strategies from a person-centred perspective. It would be of great importancethat further empirical studies are performed to illuminate this field.

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of mindfulness and task-relevant attentional focus on running performance. WKU psychology undergraduate students were assigned to one of two conditions: task-relevant attentional focus experimental training and no training control. Participants in the experimental condition received training designed to optimize the use of attentional focus strategies in a running context. Trait level mindfulness was examined as a covariate. Participants were compared on two mile run times and the use of attentional focus strategies. Differences were expected to reveal the effectiveness of the training by showing faster running times in the experimental group, and higher use of task-relevant attentional focus strategies. Only higher use of task-relevant attentional focus strategies, specifically focus on bodily sensation was supported by the data. Explanations of the results as well as exploratory analyses are provided in addition to suggestions for future research.