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PCR-RFLP no ?xon II do gene da leptina e avalia??o das caracter?sticas f?sicas da carne de caprinos machos inteiros saanen e cruzados saanen X boer / PCR-RFLP in exon II of the leptin gene and evaluation of the physical characteristics of meat from boars Saanen goats and crossed Saanen x BoerSilva, Rebecca Barbosa 04 March 2016 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2016-03-04 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Molecular markers are important tools in the marker assisted selection programs (MAS).
Leptin is expressed hormone mainly in the adipocytes and involved in the regulation of
energy metabolism, fat deposition, regulation of glycemia and reproductive physiology and
thus has been investigated in association studies quality carcass characteristics and meat in
different species. Objective with this work identify the polymorphism in the Leptin gene,
changes in qualitative and quantitative characteristics of meat and goat carcass and relate
variations of productive features to potential polymorphisms. They were used for genotyping
38 goats intact males, 21 Saanen and 17 crusaders Boer x Saanen. Genotypes for the marker
were identified by PCR-RFLP technique based on standardized protocols for SNP305. DNA
samples were isolated from leukocyte genomic and amplified through reaction technique
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The generated PCR fragments of 94 base pairs (bp) were
digested by Kpn2I enzyme yielding two fragments 75 (bp), 19 (bp) for all individuals
analyzed, obtaining allelic frequency of 100% for T. Thus genotype, it was not possible to
correlate the results obtained in the evaluation of quality meat and carcass to the results of the
molecular study. For the evaluation of carcass quality and meat was used 18 male, 9 Saanen
and Saanen x 9 crusaders Boer. t test was used for independent samples of the statistical
program BioEstat the 5% significance (P<0.05) for morphometric measurements, live weight,
live weight after fasting, hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, cooling breaks, carcass
yield, loss of cooling, thick fat cover, color, pH, water holding capacity and tenderness of the
meat, weight and yield cuts (shoulder, hand saw, rib set, ham and loin) and compactness
index of carcass. The grouping of the Crusaders animals showed significant differences
(P<0.05) for wide shank and shear force. For Saanen animals, there was a significant
difference (P<0.05) for the external length of the housing. Although Crossed have shown
higher shear strength values (P<0.05), the two groups had average below 5.4 kg-f cm-?,
featuring soft meats in goats (2.20 and 1, 57 kg f cm-2 for Crossed and Saanen, respectively).
The results showed that the use of both the Crusaders animals, as the Saanen animals are a
viable option for dairy farmers who wish to diversify their activities, taking advantage of the
disposal of male goats for meat production / Os marcadores moleculares s?o importantes ferramentas nos programas de sele??o assistida
por marcadores (MAS). A Leptina ? um horm?nio expresso principalmente nos adip?citos e
est? envolvido na regula??o do metabolismo energ?tico, deposi??o de gordura, regula??o da
glicemia e fisiologia reprodutiva e por isso tem sido investigado em estudos de associa??o a
caracter?sticas de qualidade de carca?a e carne em diferentes esp?cies. Objetiva-se com este
trabalho identificar o polimorfismo no gene da Leptina, as varia??es nas caracter?sticas
qualitativas e quantitativas da carne e da carca?a de caprinos e relacionar as varia??es das
caracter?sticas produtivas a poss?veis polimorfismos. Foram utilizados para a genotipagem 38
cabritos machos inteiros, sendo 21 Saanen e 17 Cruzados Saanen x Boer. Os gen?tipos para o
marcador foram identificados pela t?cnica de PCR-RFLP com base nos protocolos
padronizados para o SNP305. Foram isoladas amostras de DNA gen?mico a partir de
leuc?citos e amplificados por interm?dio da t?cnica de Rea??o em Cadeia de Polimerase
(PCR). A PCR gerou fragmentos de 94 pares de bases (pb) que foram digeridos pela enzima
Kpn2I, originando dois fragmentos de 75 (pb) e 19 (pb) para todos os indiv?duos analisados,
obtendo frequ?ncia al?lica de 100% para o gen?tipo T. Dessa forma, n?o foi poss?vel
correlacionar os resultados obtidos na avalia??o de qualidade de carne e carca?a aos
resultados obtidos no estudo molecular. Para a avalia??o de qualidade de carca?a e carne
foram utilizados 18 machos inteiros, 9 Saanen e 9 Cruzados Saanen x Boer. Foi aplicado o
teste t para amostras independentes do programa estat?stico BioEstat a 5% de signific?ncia
(P<0,05) para as medidas morfom?tricas, peso vivo, peso vivo ap?s jejum, peso de carca?a
quente, peso de carca?a fria, quebra de resfriamento, rendimentos de carca?a, perda por
resfriamento, espessura de gordura de cobertura, cor, pH, capacidade de reten??o de ?gua e
maciez da carne, peso e rendimento de cortes (paleta, serrote, carr?, pernil e lombo) e ?ndice
de compacidade da carca?a. O grupamento dos animais Cruzados apresentou diferen?as
significativas (P<0,05) para largura de pernil e for?a de cisalhamento. Para os animais
Saanen, houve diferen?a significativa (P<0,05) para o comprimento externo da carca?a.
Embora os Cruzados tenham apresentado maiores valores de for?a de cisalhamento (P<0,05),
os dois grupos obtiveram m?dias abaixo de 5,4 kg-f cm-2, o que caracteriza carnes macias em
caprinos (2,20 e 1,57 kg-f cm-2 para Cruzados e Saanen, respectivamente). Os resultados
mostraram que a utiliza??o tanto dos animais Cruzados, quanto dos animais Saanen s?o uma
op??o vi?vel aos produtores de leite que desejam diversificar as atividades, aproveitando os
cabritos machos de descarte para a produ??o de carne
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