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Towards advancing the indices of hurricane energetics that are associated with potential damage, we develop a new methodology for calculating integrated kinetic energy (IKE) climatology. A simple, observation and dynamical - based radial wind speed model is used with the Extended Best Track Data Set to calculate IKE for North Atlantic Hurricanes from 1988 to 2008. The method is evaluated against previous methods of tropical cyclone intensity analysis, and the results are compared to traditional indices in terms of characterizing storm energetics and relating to storm surge. It is shown that the traditional indices are inaccurate measurements of hurricane energetics, and the assumptions that they are based on are not valid. Furthermore, in analyzing storm surge, it is possible that tropical cyclone damage is more strongly correlated with IKE rather than maximum wind speed.

No description available.

No description available.

The upper ocean is host to overlapping vortical and internal waves dynamics over the submesoscales (10-100km), both of which are poorly represented in eddy-resolving ocean models. We analyze upper-ocean (0-200 m) horizontal-wavenumber spectra along Line P in the North Pacific subpolar gyre from shipboard ADCP measurements in February and June (2013-2015), and compare them to spectra from a 1/36th degree numerical simulation output. At scales between 10 and 100 km, the ADCP along-track (Cv) and across-track (Cv) kinetic energy spectra approximately follow power laws of k-2 and have a ratio R = Cv/Cu - 1. For purely non-divergent motions, the order of the power law and R should be the same, so divergent motions are evident. A Helmholtz decomposition estimates the fraction total kinetic energy that is contributed by internal-wave and vortex components. Vortex components follow a power law of k-2 with ratio R-2, consistent with predictions for a non-divergent flow, while internal waves are mostly consistent with the Garrett and Munk internal wave model. There are modest seasonal changes; vortical motions are slightly stronger in February than in June, whereas the amplitudes of the internal wave component increases in June. Depth variability of non-divergent vortical flows shows that at low wave-numbers energy decreases and that the kinetic energy spectra are bluer with depth, inconsistent with predictions from surface quasi-geostrophic theory of redder spectra with depth. Conversely, in the simulation the depth variability of the decomposed vortex components is in agreement with predictions of surface quasi-geostrophic theory. The simulations had very weak internal waves fields. / Graduate / 0415 / manmanw@uvic.ca

Thesis (M. S.)--Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. / Committee Chair: Curry, Judith A.; Committee Member: Black, Robert X.; Committee Member: Deng, Yi. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

Orbital-free density functional theory requires accurate approximations for the noninteracting kinetic energy as a functional of the ground-state electron den- sity. For explicit functionals in real space, it has proved difficult to supersede the quality of the gradient expansion, truncated at second order. This is partly because the gradient expansion diverges for atomic and molecular densities. In an effort to include information about higher-order terms in the gradient expansion but avoid divergences, we consider resummations for the series using Padé approximants and Meijer-G functions. To regularize terms that appear in the denominator, we consider various damping functions, which introduces parameter(s) that can be fit to atomic data. These results improve upon the second-order truncation, but do not achieve the exquisite accuracy that would be required for practical orbital-free density-functional theory calculations. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 18-21, 2004 / Town & Country Resort, San Diego, California / The Compact Kinetic Energy Missile (CKEM) is currently being developed as the Army’s newest hypervelocity anti-tank missile. The project has recently transitioned from the Science and Technology Objective phase to the Advanced Technology Demonstration phase. Science and technology phase flight testing required the development of a miniature telemetry system for measuring the super sonic flight dynamics of the airframe, as well as, monitoring of the on board flight computer. Design challenges included a small mechanical envelope, limited power budget, numerous analog measurements, computer serial stream processing, and harsh launch and flight dynamics. Two versions of the system were developed in support of the partnership effort between the Army Missile Research, Development, and Engineering Center (AMRDEC) and industry. This paper will focus on the successful design, development, and flight tests of the CKEM telemetry system.

Rainfall erosivities as defined by the R factor from the universal soil loss equation were determined for all events during a two-year period at the station La Cuenca in western Amazonia. Three methods based on a power relationship between rainfall amount and erosivity were then applied to estimate event and daily rainfall erosivities from the respective rainfall amounts. A test of the resulting regression equations against an independent data set proved all three methods equally adequate in predicting rainfall erosivity from daily rainfall amount. We recommend the Richardson model for testing in the Amazon Basin, and its use with the coefficient from La Cuenca in western Amazonia.

This study investigates the hydrodynamic variations in the coastal region of Nan-bin, Hualien influence by the topography and water stratification. The data used were collected from four cruises of field observations in 2008/4/29¡B2008/9/5~6¡B2009/3/17~18 and 2009/7/21. Instruments applied include sb-ADCP and CTD. Parameters recorded include flow velocities, water temperature and salinity and tidal elevations. The collected data are analyzed through a variety of time series analysis technique, including buoyancy frequency EOF analysis, potential vorticity and kinetic energy. The results show that (1) the flow field and vorticity in the south side of Hualien Harbor indicate there exist a counterclockwise eddy during flood. The flow pattern reverse to be a clockwise eddy during ebb. The current speed and vorticity is smaller in the surface layer, while the bottom current speed and vorticity is much larger. (2) Currents in transects of along slope, along canyon and along shore all reveal two layers flow separated around 25m, with upper layer flowing eastward and lower layer westward. The current velocity reaches to a maximum at 55m, and the current directions were dominated by the orientation of bottom topography. The baroclinic kinetic energy increase to 0.15m2/s2 along the down slope transect, while the up slope kinetic energy reduced to 0.05m2/s2. (3) The CTD data suggest that the upper layer is warm-fresh water due to river outputs, while the lower layer is dominated by cold-salty open ocean water. (4) The density interface at 25 m is confirmed by buoyance frequency analysis. The EOF analysis of density distribution shows eigenvalue of first mode has maximum at 53m, while the second mode has peaks at 25m and 65m, which match well with the vertical of distribution of flow structures.