The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of physiotherapy on physical development, motor skills and function of movements for children with cerebral palsy and Down syndrome. The subjects were divided into two groups: children with cerebral palsy (2-8 years old) and Down syndrome (2 – 8 years old). All children were engaged in regular physiotherapy sessions. Special complex of exercises and treatment sessions were created specially for each group. All subjects underwent two testing sessions. Both testing sessions were performed eleven months apart (except height and weight were measured after twelve months). All tests were given to estimate balance, posture, flexibility of joints, motor skills and function of movements. The following conclusions were drawn: 1. The height and weight of subjects with cerebral palsy were almost the same in comparison with the standard of healthy children. The height and weight of subjects with Down syndrome were under standard of healthy children. 2. The posture was improved under the influence of physiotherapy sessions. 3. The balance was improved under the influence of physiotherapy sessions. 4. The amplitude of joints of children with cerebral palsy was the same in comparison with the standard of healthy children during first testing session. The amplitude of joints increased after physiotherapy sessions. The amplitude of joints of children with Down syndrome was under standard of healthy children. After physiotherapy sessions... [to full text]