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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

A contribuição de Robert Wilhelm Bunsen e Gustav Robert Kirchhoff para a espectroscopia do século XIX

Pirolo, Marcelo 05 May 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:16:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo Pirolo.pdf: 1697881 bytes, checksum: dc98a0666e95d0d7e7acbae583bcfaf6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-05 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / The dissertation approaches the works of the German researches Robert Wilhelm Bunsen and Gustav Robert Kirchhoff which have synthesized the spectral proceedings that had been used until the end of the nineteenth century. They had modified the methodology to increase a better understanding of the procedure as of the analysis of the emanated light of incandescent materials. After developing a number of experiments with Henry Roscoe on photochemistry, Bunsen had dedicated himself together with Kirchhoff to spectrum analysis. Spectroscopy is the analysis of light spectra and the way in which light interacts with matter. The light source is normally directed on a slit and is separated by the use of a prism. The image of the slit has the shape of a line to its component colors, which indicates the presence of chemical elements. Spectrometry is the technique used to assess the chemical composition and concentration of materials. This method had historically helped Bunsen and Kirchhoff finding out elements like caesium and rubidium and continued helping others to find out new elements too. For instance, helium was discovered before in solar spectrum than in earth. The spectrum analysis, enables the study in enormous distances, and consequently had transformed the Idea concerning the study of celestial bodies and finally it had provided a method for determining their chemical composition. In this dissertation we had focused on two specific works: the Photochemical Researches written by Bunsen and Roscoe and published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. And Spectrum Analysis written solely by Roscoe, trying to identify the development of what would be the spectral analysis of the nineteenth century / Esta dissertação aborda o trabalho de dois pesquisadores alemães, Robert Wilhelm Bunsen e Gustav Robert Kirchhoff que, no século XIX, fizeram uma síntese dos procedimentos em utilizados em espectroscopia até o momento, modificando alguns métodos e auxiliando numa melhor compreensão e análise da luz emitida por materiais incandescentes. Após alguns experimentos desenvolvidos com Henry Roscoe sobre fotoquímica, Bunsen dedicou-se, juntamente com Kirchhoff, às análises espectrais. A espectroscopia é um método em que a luz de uma determinada fonte é decomposta em cores através de um prisma, formando um espectro, no qual são formadas linhas que, de acordo com suas posições, indicam a presença de elementos químicos. Esse método pode ser usado para saber a composição química de materiais terrestres e celestes. O método auxiliou na descoberta primeiramente do césio e do rubídio por Bunsen e Kirchhoff e, posteriormente, de mais elementos químicos por outros pesquisadores. O hélio, por exemplo, foi descoberto no espectro solar antes de ser conhecido na Terra. A análise espectral, ao analisar corpos distantes a milhões de quilômetros, tornou possível algo que poucos acreditavam, demonstrando assim que seria possível determinar a composição química de corpos terrestres e celestes. Para a realização deste trabalho analisamos principalmente as obras Photochemical Researches , escrita por Bunsen e Roscoe e publicada pela Proceedings of the Royal Society of London e Spectrum Analysis, escrita por Roscoe, buscando reconhecer como se formaram e se desenvolveram as idéias de análise espectral no século XIX

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