Pagrindinis šio darbo tikslas buvo susintetinti vandenyje tirpius norimos struktūros bei skirtingo pakeitimo laipsnio skiepytuosius chitozano-polietilenglikolio (MPEG) kopolimerus bei katijonizuotus chitozano darinius ir ištirti jų savybes. „Klik“ chemijos reakcijų pagalba susintetinti nauji įvairaus pakeitimo laipsnio chitozano-MPEG skiepytieji kopolimerai, turintys triazolilliekaną. Pasiūlyti nauji chitozano-C(6)-MPEG bei N-2,3-epoksipropil-N,N,N-trimetilamonio chloridu C(6)-katijonizuoto chitozano sintezės būdai, chitozano aminogrupių apsaugai naudojant chitozano kompleksus su dodecilsulfatu. Dalinai N-katijonizuoto chitozano darinius papildomai katijonizuojant šarminėje terpėje, gauti N,O-katijonizuoti chitozano dariniai, turintys labai didelį katijonizavimo laipsnį. Pasiūlytas katijonizuoto chitozano fermentinės hidrolizės metodas, kurį naudojant chitozano darinio molekulinę masę lengvai galima sumažinti dešimtimis kartų. Chitozaną modifikuojant vyno, citrinų, adipo rūgštimis, susintetinti dalinai tinklinti chitozano dariniai. Prie chitozano ir karboksirūgštimis modifikuotų chitozano nanodalelių prijungus (4-cianpentano rūgšties)-4-ditiobenzenkarboksilatą, susintetintas makroiniciatorius gyvybingajai radikalinei polimerizacijai RAFT metodu. / The main aim of this work was to synthesize water-soluble chitosan-methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (MPEG) graft copolymers and quaternized derivative of chitosans of various structure and desirable graft density and to study their properties. Novel chitosan-MPEG derivatives containing triazolyl moiety with different degree of substitution of chitosan were prepared for the first time by “click chemistry”. Several new schemes of the synthesis of chitosan-C(6)-TMPEG and C(6)-quaternized chitosan derivatives were suggested based on protection of amino functionality by using chitosan-dodecyl sulfate complexes. Additional cationization of cationic chitosan through its hydroxyl groups in alkaline medium enabled to prepare N,O-quaternized chitosans derivatives with very high degree of quaternization. It was suggested method of enzymatic hydrolysis of quaternized chitosans which allow a tenfold decrease the molecular weight of chitosans derivatives. Modification of chitosan by tartaric, citric or adipic acid yielded partially crosslinked chitosan derivatives. Modification of chitosan and further modification of chitosan nanoparticles by dithiobenzendicarboxylate resulted in RAFT macroinitiators which are precursors of functionalized nanoparticles.

The main aim of this work was to synthesize water-soluble chitosan – methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (MPEG) graft copolymers and cationized chitosan derivatives of various structure and desirable graft density, and to study their properties. Novel chitosan-MPEG derivatives with different degree of substitution of chitosan were prepared for the first time by “click” chemistry. Several new schemes of the synthesis of chitosan-MPEG and additionally cationized chitosan derivatives were suggested based on protection of amino functionality by using chitosan-dodecyl sulphate complexes. Additional cationization of chitosan through its hydroxyl groups in alkaline medium enabled to prepare chitosan derivatives with very high charge density. A method of enzymatic hydrolysis of the cationized chitosans was proposed which allowed a tenfold decrease of the molecular weight of chitosan derivatives. Modification of chitosan by tartaric, citric or adipic acid yielded chitosan nanoparticles. Further modification of chitosan nanoparticles by dithiobenzendicarboxylate resulted in RAFT macroinitiators used as precursors of functionalized nanoparticles. / Pagrindinis šio darbo tikslas buvo susintetinti vandenyje tirpius norimos struktūros bei pakeitimo laipsnio skiepytuosius chitozano – polietilenglikolio (MPEG) kopolimerus bei katijonizuotus chitozano darinius ir ištirti jų savybes. Įvairaus pakeitimo laipsnio chitozano-MPEG skiepytieji kopolimerai susintetinti vykdant „klik“ chemijos reakcijas. Pasiūlyti nauji chitozano-MPEG bei papildomai katijonizuoto chitozano sintezės būdai, chitozano aminogrupių apsaugai naudojant chitozano kompleksus su dodecilsulfatu. Dalinai katijonizuoto chitozano darinius papildomai katijonizuojant šarminėje terpėje, gauti chitozano dariniai, turintys labai didelį krūvio tankį. Pasiūlytas katijonizuoto chitozano fermentinės hidrolizės metodas, kurį naudojant chitozano darinio molekulinę masę lengvai galima sumažinti dešimtimis kartų. Chitozaną modifikuojant vyno, citrinų arba adipo rūgštimis, susintetintos nanodalelės. Prie chitozano nanodalelių prijungus (4-cianpentano rūgšties)-4-ditiobenzenkarboksilatą, susintetintas makroiniciatorius gyvybingajai radikalinei polimerizacijai RAFT metodu.

This paper is divided into 3 parts. First part defines the interactive media and describes particular types of internet and mobile media. The second part is focused on interesting projects in the Czech Republic, which offer new possibilities of internet and mobile advertising. The last part describes the project www.golfeurope.cz and its starting campaign with using the interactive media.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is widely studied as a targeting moiety to CD44 overexpressing cancer cells. Various types of nanoparticles (NPs) were modified by HA. Virus-like particles (VLPs) derived from mouse polyomavirus are an interesting class of NPs that can be modified by various targeting agents to increase their potential as gene or drug delivery vehicles for e.g. theragnostic purposes. HA has not been tested as a targeting moiety on VLPs, hence this was the focus of the current study. HA (~14 kDa) was attached to the VLPs via a bispecific Bodipy-derived fluorescent probe. To test the targeting potential of HA on comparable non-viral NPs, nanodiamonds were prepared in a similar manner. NPs functionalized with HA, together with Bodipy-labeled control variants, were tested on interactions with MDA-MB-231 cells overexpressing CD44. The NP-cell interaction via CD44 was assessed by a competitive cell-binding assay, where non-labeled HA competed for HA-binding sites at CD44 with the NPs. CD44 specific cell interactions were detected in studies with HA functionalized nanodiamonds, whereas VLP-HA* associated with cells in a less specific manner. Control VLPs with polyethylene glycol (PEG) did not interact with the cells. Results indicate that the HA targeting strategy for the VLPs requires optimization to...

This diploma thesis deals with the optimalization of synthesis of gold nanoparticles and their surface modification allowing their use as contrast agents for in vivo imaging by CT. Gold nanoparticles were prepared by the Turkevich method and characterized by TEM, DLS, MADLS and UV -Vis. Their surface was functionalized with polyethylene glycol containing a thiol group forming a bond with the Au atoms in the surface of gold nanoparticles. The terminal end of the polymer was methylated or containing an aminooxy group forming an orthogonal bond with hyaluronic acid using click-chemistry. The eligibility for in vivo application of the prepared nanoparticles was verified with stability and cytotoxicity tests. The nanoparticles modified by methylated polyethyleneglycol were injected intravenously into a mouse and their application potential as contrast agents were verified by CT.