The present paper investigates the perception of empirically imperceptible phenomenon, which is called FREEDOM. Relying on the use of words FREEDOM and CAPTIVITY in the republic press, we made an attempt to establish, as Lithuanians understand and in the language express by sensory organs inaccessible abstracts. We pay primary attention to the description of the concept of FREEDOM. The concept of CAPTIVITY is not the theme of this investigation; it is investigated as supporting material for the base of the concept of FREEDOM. Material for investigating of conceptualization of abstract is undertaken from the column of the republic press of the collector of texts (donelaitis.vdu.lt). Discussing the concept of FREEDOM, support is done not to entire paradigm of FREEDOM, but only to the invariant of a number of synonyms – FREEDOM. We are guided by this opinion on the fact that this lexeme automatically covers entire semantic field of FREEDOM, i.e. in the value of the abstract being investigated is accomodated the value of all synonyms of FREEDOM (will, independence, sovereignty). FREEDOM in the Lithuanian language is understood by such conceptual metaphors as FREEDOM – THING, FREEDOM – GOODS, FREEDOM – CURRENCY, FREEDOM – ACCOMODATION, FREEDOM – SMELL, FREEDOM – TASTE, FREEDOM – LIQUID, FREEDOM – BURDEN, FREEDOM – PERSONALITY. Most frequently it is characterized as ACCOMODATION, in which one is located not of his own free will. The subject is influenced with other external forces... [to full text]

Magistro darbe „Darbo konceptas lietuvių ir rusų patarlėse ir priežodžiuose“ bandoma plačiau panagrinėti koncepto darbas specifiką ir raišką lietuvių ir rusų kalbų pasaulėvaizdžiuose, atrasti panašumų ir skirtumų, rekonstruoti kalbai būdingą pasaulėvaizdį, tautų mąstymo strategijas. Atlikus lyginamąją ir konceptualiąją analizę, išanalizavus surinktą medžiagą, nustatyta, kad darbo konceptas lyginamose kalbose yra suvokiamas panašiai (darbas (darbštumas) – kaip gerovės šaltinis, darbas – kaip tinginystės priešprieša, tinginystė –kaip darbo parodija, darbas – jungtis tarp žmogaus ir gamtos, darbas – kaip vargas, darbas –kaip žmogaus savybių matmuo, darbas – kaip mokymo įrankis, darbas – šeimyninės sanklodos rodiklis, darbas – gyvenimiškos tiesos saugykla). Dažniausi darbo denotatai lietuvių ir analogiškai rusų kalboje yra darbas (darbštumas) – kaip gerovės šaltinis, darbas – kaip tinginystės priešprieša, tinginystė – kaip darbo parodija, darbas – kaip vargas, darbas – kaip žmogaus savybių matmuo. Darbas (darbštumas) – kaip gerovės šaltinis dažniausiai realizuojamas lietuvių kalboje. Rusų kalboje dažniausiai realizuojamas darbas – kaip tinginystės priešprieša, tinginystė – kaip darbo parodija. Lietuvių ir rusų kalbų patarlės ir priežodžiai pasižymi raiškos įvairove: aktyviai vartojami posakiai su neigiamu modalumu, elipsė, dauguma atvejų yra metaforiški, vaizdingi, lakoniški, neretai hiperbolizuoti, vyrauja ironija, komiškumas, garsinis aspektas, kategoriškumas, pamokymai ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of this master work, „The concept of work in Lithuanian and Russian proverbs and bywords“, is to take a wider glance at the concept of work in Lithuanians and Russians world-view, to find similarities and differences, to recreate the type of world-view which would be common to the language and also to recreate the strategies of thinking. After a comparative and conceptual analysis and after the analysis of collected examples, we made a conclusion that the concept of work is perceived similarly: work (diligence) as the source of wellness, work as the confrontation with laziness, laziness as the parody of diligence, work as the connection between human and nature, work as misery, work as the measurement of humanity, work as the proper way to educate, work as the measurement of family values and work as the storage of all the values. The most frequent and common for both Lithuanian and Russian languages meanings of the concept work are these: work as the source of wellness, work as the confrontation with laziness, laziness as the parody of diligence, work as misery and work as the measurement of humanity. The most common meaning to Lithuania language is work as the source of wellness and the most common meaning of work to Russian language is work as the confrontation with laziness and laziness as the parody of diligence. Lithuanian and Russian proverbs and bywords can be expressed in various ways: there are a lot of examples which have negative meaning. People use many... [to full text]