Methods of investigation of crimes committed by youth Methodology for investigation of crimes committed by youth is a compact system of procedures used by criminalists while investigating crimes committed by youth. For purposes of this thesis the term youth includes the category of age from twelve to twenty-four years. Well-elaborated methodology shall help criminalists to quickly and effectively deal with situations when there is a reasonable suspicion due to found traces, or method of committing a crime, that the offender was a person of this age category. This thesis introduces typical personal and psychological characteristics of youth. The thesis outlines which crimes are committed by this group most commonly and which factors cause the delinquent behavior of youth. The thesis presents typical traces which occur when youth commits crime, and methods of committing which point to the young age of offenders. According to these characters we can assume that the crime was committed by youth offender and therefore it is important to use a special methodology for the investigation. The very core of the thesis is devoted to investigative processes, especially subsequent investigative procedures and its specifications. Greatest attention is focused on questioning the offender as thorough preparation of...

Criminalistic study of crime victims (criminalistic victimology) In this thesis I try to briefly outline some of the most important issues and topics concerning criminalistic victimology. I address both how the victim affects the crime itself and its investigation, but also how the crime investigation affects the victim. When investigating a specific criminal act, there are two major conflicting goals we try to achieve; to investigate as thoroughly and effectively as we can, and to avoid secondary victimization of the victim. Both professional and attentive approach is vital to criminalistics as a whole, not just criminalistic victimology. A successful investigation depends in many cases greatly on whether and how the victim cooperates, and that in turn depends on how the victims and the general public view the police, the courts, and other criminal justice authorities. It is therefore necessary to understand the victim, to comprehend their role in the formation of the criminal act, and to ensure their confidence in the criminal justice. This thesis opens with a brief summary of the subject's history, afterwards it explains the key concepts and expressions found in the paper. It then carries on to deal with the victim's part in the creation and preservation of evidence and in reporting the criminal act. The...

This diploma work deals with the methodology of investigating murders. The aim of my work was to shed a light on this issue and try to explain it from an expert point of view. The diploma is divided into three main chapters. The first one deals with juristic and criminalistic characteristics of murder and with the phenomenon of serial and mass murderers. The second part is dedicated to the most important aspects which influence the course of investigation, namely the specialties of the primary operations, search of crime premises, trace evidence, the interrogation and the role of psychology in it. The last part is trying to give a complex view on sexual murders and its suspect, various typologies of sexual murders and sexual paraphilia which occur very often. The most dangerous of them is sexual sadism and murderers who suffer from this kind of deviation are considered to be the most brutal and dangerous. In the end, this work is trying to explain the important role of psychological profiling in investigating murderers. The cooperation between the investigator and psychologist could only increase the chances of apprehending the offender.

Examination of s cene of crime When thinking about the topic of my diploma thesis I had quite clear idea that the topic should be from the area of crown-low or criminology, because both of them are my favourite. I have chosen the topic "Examination of scene of crime", because I think that examination of scene of crime is one of the most important processes within the criminal procedure and only with the correct and detailed examination the criminal can be convicted for perpetrated crime. The significance of examination the scene of crime I see in the fact, that it is the only way, how institutions operating in criminal procedures can get information about the relevant incident directly. The thesis is composed of five chapters, which enable us step by step understand and learn about the examination of scene of crime. The first chapter is an introduction and considers the examination as a criminalistic method. This chapter is divided into six parts. The first one explains the conception, principle and signification of examination. Second part is focused on the legal frame of examination. The third part describes types of examination. The fourth part mentions fundamentals of examination, the fifth shows the subjects of examination and the sixth part is dealing with the negative circumstances of examination....

Identification of cadavers and skeletal findings Abstract "Identification" is an act of declaration of identity. The identity (particularly in today's globalized society) deservedly draws attention not only in a normal social interaction, but is also enshrined legally. Its purpose is also important in the sad events of last identification of a person - the identification of the dead. Thesis sets as a goal in a clear and comprehensible form to offer a presentment to an extremely interesting and inspiring topic of identification of the dead human body, using multidisciplinary approach with focus to criminological practice. It provides a comprehensive overview of all the components of identifying corpses, demonstrates the process of identifying, from the finding of the dead body, through autopsy, up to some practice expertise to determine its identity. To achieve this, the method of literature review using books and journals, both domestic and foreign, with subsequent synthesis of acquired knowledge and information with their critical evaluations is used. Clarity, however, is not exchanged for cursoriness and perfunctoriness in the work and therefore some topics suitable for detailed analysis (analysis of DNA, thanatology, the procedure of finding dead bodies in the terrain) are evolved in such a degree to...

The submitted diploma thesis deals with one of the special methods of the taking of evidence in criminal proceedings known as human recognition or line up. This method is specified in the current legal regulation of section 104b, Act No. 141/1961 Coll., Criminal Procedure Code. Particular attention is paid to the general definition of human recognition "in natura". However, some less common ways of execution of this method are also mentioned, such as blank line up occurring in some foreign jurisdictions (especially in Poland). Further attention is then focused on possible significant defects during the process of recognition with its legal consequences. The whole issue is even more complicated when we take into account that recognition as a criminal method is essentially unrepeatable. The thesis analyses foreign researches carried out in some countries, especially in the United States of America. Attention is then focused also on legal regulation of line-up (parade) in England and Wales, because these countries use one of the most modern methods in the world, such as video parade or CCTV. The question of the obligation to passively pass the recognition is also mentioned. Legislation does not deal with many of important questions and details so it's necessary to build on case law and opinions of criminal law...

The Crime Scene Reconstruction Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the issue of crime scene reconstruction both from the point of view of criminal law and from the point of view of criminological science and practice. With the help of reconstruction as a means of evidence, which is classified in the Criminal Procedure Code as a special means of proof, the authorities involved in criminal proceedings try to find out the facts of the case, about which there is no reasonable doubt. Through reconstruction as a method of criminalistic practice, the factual circumstances under which the investigated crime was committed are restored. The main goal of this thesis is a detailed analysis of the crime scene reconstruction from a criminal and forensic point of view, and the result of this analysis is a chapter devoted to considerations de lege ferenda. The secondary goal of the diploma thesis is to compare the crime scene reconstruction with selected investigative acts with the help of a comparative method. The diploma thesis is divided into three parts. The first part deals with the comparison of the crime scene reconstruction with investigative acts, with which there are very frequent interchanges in criminal practice. Part of the first part is also an approximation of the legal regulation of reconstruction in...

The following thesis explores the obtaining of evidence during criminal proceedings via a line-up technique which is listed in section 104b, Act No. 141/1961, Criminal Procedure Code. The chosen topic is reviewed in its complexity from several different angles including theoretical aspects and my own personal experience. The thesis concentrates on a line-up of subjects in natura, problems associated with the procedure and offers possible solutions on how to face the given problems. In the first chapter the thesis provides general definition of a line-up and its variations and remaining subchapters to the possibility of its urgency and unrepeatability as well as to the question whether an object must participate. Next it follows the historical development of line-ups, offers views both current and historical on the practice as a method of criminal evidence gathering and explores the fact that it has only recently become part of the Criminal Procedure Code. This is opposed to being considered, as was the case for a long time, as a specific kind of interrogation, a view that can still be found among some theorists up to this day. In the next two chapters, a line-up is compared to other methods of criminal evidence that are part of the Criminal Procedure Code and the thesis also takes a closer look at...

The aim of this thesis is to comprehensively analyze and describe one of the oldest methods of individual identification of individuals, which originates in ancient civilizations and consists of identifying a person on the basis of unique drawings of his papillary terrain. The dactyloscopy will be viewed primarily from a criminalistic perspective, although the text also deals with its expansion and use in other areas of human life. This is also a current trend, whose tendencies can be expected in the future. The thesis is divided into three basic chapters - history, present, future, which will gradually summarize the whole issue of this established forensic science. The text is supplemented with pictures and photographs with regard to practical use of this method. The first part of the thesis deals with the history of dactyloscopy from the discovery of papillary lines by ancient cultures to the gradual introduction of scientific approach to this discipline, either from physiological point of view or later from the criminalistic point of view. The text focuses mainly on important personalities who have helped to develop dactyloscopy and put it into practice. At the end of this part, the historical background and the development of the doctrine of papillary lines in the Czech Republic are also...

This diploma thesis deals with the problem of the criminalistic method of on-the-spot examination of the testimony, namely with particular questions of its theoretical definition as well as selected questions concerning its practical use within the activities of law enforcement authorities. The overall aim of this thesis is to give a comprehensive view of this institute and to present a detailed analysis of individual aspects of this method of forensic practice, as well as the subsequent identification of particular questions, problems and uncertainties that arise in this context. The first part focuses on the theoretical perspectives of the on-site examination of the testimony. Attention is brought to its process of constitution in Czechoslovak forensic science, its conceptual definition as well as differentiation from other methods of forensic practice. The second part of this thesis deals with selected practical questions related to the on- site examination of the testimony. In addition to the basic tactical principles elaborated by forensic theory, a substantial part of this chapter is devoted to the legal aspects of the on-site examination of the testimony, i.e. its legal regulation, its incorporation into the criminal justice system and possibilities of its use. This part also contains a...