Submitted to the Faculty of Arts in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in Community Work in the Department of Social Work at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2005. / This study is about the Community policing forum of Kwamashu and its strategy of putting the youth at the forefront in the fight against crime. The study was conducted on crime prevention with more emphasis placed on community participation as is the strategy of the Department of Safety and Security. A sampling technique was used where thirty respondents who reside at Kwamashu were interviewed about community policing and youth involvement in it. Related literature that focuses on community policing and its effect on the youth was reviewed. Various recommendations have been made based on the findings of the study. The findings of the study highlighted the need for the community policing forum to market itself to the community. Community members, especially the youth, need to be motivated so that they can be active participants in the fight against crime. Research findings also indicated that the strategies used were effective but failure to communicate with the community undermined their effectiveness.

Previous studies have demonstrated that Zulu Zionists remained peace-loving and politically quiescent in times of racial segregation and political injustice. Since then the political situation in South Africa has shifted dramatically and, despite the dismantling of apartheid structures and the unbanning of major Black political organisations, political violence and instability have becomethe order of the day. The main concern of this dissertation was therefore to explore the response of Zulu Zionists in Kwa Mashu to such a volatile political climate and to ascertain whether they can uphold their reputed apolitical attitude. It emerged from fieldwork, conducted in Kwa Mashu, Durban, over a period of 22 months, that their social boundaries, group cohesiveness and religious identity are threatened by the negative side-effects of an increased politicisation. Like their fellow township dwellers, Kwa Mashu Zionists are expected to take sides and are exposed to political propaganda and intimidation. Young Zionists, in particular, are prone to violate the apolitical stance of their church, for they are not only marginalized within their congregations but they are also the main object of political pressure and recruitment. However, it was found that the majority of Zionists successfully resisted being drawn completely into political participation and insisted on the retention of their religious values. Those who choose political partisanship defend their religious convictions and hold out against taking part in violent political competition. To counteract the intrusion of politically related damage and to prevent their youth from religious alienation, Zionists no longer exclusively emphasise the negative implications of politics but acknowledge the inevitability of being conscious about it. Zionists thereby reach an acceptable definition of politics which does not endanger group-cohesiveness and does little harm to their social boundaries. The conclusion reached in this study is that Kwa Mashu Zionists confront the encroachment of politics by transforming it into a harmless form of political consciousness. In this form Zionists can assimilate politics and employ it as an instrument for achieving their goals in the upliftment of the economic poor and the socially disadvantaged. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1993.

Urban agriculture in South Africa has been historically labelled as an illegal activity. This has been compounded by the traditional planning system in South Africa that did not recognise urban agriculture as part of the land use in the urban landscape. However despite its illegality, current evidence shows that it is commonly practised by many poor households in developing countries. There is growing evidence that most countries are gradually seeing the value of urban agriculture among poor households and to this end, they are beginning to realise the importance of incorporating it in their urban policy packages. Despite this recognition and acceptance of urban agriculture as a livelihood and food security strategy among the urban poor, little attention is paid to it. This research examines urban agriculture from a purely spatial planning perspective by way of elaborating on the spatial allocation of land for urban agriculture. The focus of the research is on identifying the factors that explain the unresponsiveness of the town planning system and challenges that confront urban farmers with the intention to suggest alternatives. At the core of the town planning system, are legislations and policies. Despite these irresponsive legislations such as NEMA and Health Act which hinder the practice of urban agriculture along sensitive areas such as river banks and road reserves urban agriculture continues to flourish. Regardless of minimal support from local authority the research findings show that the practise of agriculture is a common phenomenon among urban poor. The onus is therefore on the local authorities to promote it by putting in place mechanisms that should promote its growth and integrate it into mainstream development plans. / Thesis (M.T.R.P.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.

The study sought to establish the impact of LED strategies employed by the Inanda Ntuzuma KwaMashu Area Based Management program(INK ABM) in alleviating poverty in KwaMashu.The objectives of the study were: to identify aspects of poverty that has been reduced in KwaMashu; assess the extent poverty alleviation is influenced by demographic characteristics namely age sex and income in KwaMashu; to compare levels of poverty before and after the INK ABM in KwaMashu; to identify the positive and negative impacts of the LED strategies within the INK ABM in KwaMashu; to establish the effectiveness of the structures put in place in the INK ABM project in KwaMashu in achieving the ultimate goal of poverty alleviation, and to use the results to recommend further initiatives. The methodology used in the study to asses‘ impact was Poverty Social and Impact Assessment. The study revealed that LED strategies have had a significant impact in improving infrastructure and service delivery at KwaMashu town center and KwaMashu in general. LED strategies have had marginal impact in improving the income, assets indicators, human capabilities, market share and employment creation of SME‘s and residents in KwaMashu. Moreover the study revealed that there is a strong positive correlation between education levels and success of entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs who have better skills can leverage themselves to LED strategies than those with poor skills. LED has had a marginal impact on poverty alleviation due a myriad of factors which reinforce and interact with each other thereby trapping entrepreneurs and residents in poverty. A major finding is that LED strategies in KwaMashu do not target all the segments of the poor in a meaningful way. As such the study suggests a new LED agenda in KwaMashu which is: holistic, targets all the segments of the poor, fosters skills development and consists of various investment packages which would ensure that poverty in its multidimensionality is alleviated. The study contributes to knowledge by developing a model LED cycle and the concept of clinical LED which can assist in translating policy into meaningful practice so that LED has a high impact on alleviating poverty. / Thesis (M.Sc.U.R.P.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.

In the past few years there has been a dramatic increase in research on the informal sector in South Africa. Motivating this research, besides academic curiosity, is growing concern over poverty and unemployment amongst South African blacks. The general belief that these factors have contributed significantly to the political unrest now sweeping the country is another encouragement to research. What is being increasingly suggested, not only by academics but also by government officials, businessmen and others, is that the informal sector could be developed in appropriate directions to provide jobs raise living standards and (hence) promote political stability. Attention is now being focused on the question of how best to achieve this objective. In this thesis, proposals for 'developing ' the informal sector in South Africa are examined by a careful analysis of the relevant literature and an in-depth case study of the KwaZulu township, KwaMashu. The first question that needs to be addressed is how to conceptualise the informal sector. There are many interpretations, depending in part on the stage of development attained by the local economy, of what comprises this sector. Does it only consist of the poor, the unlicenced, the untaxed, the unprotected, the harassed? There are many perspectives, too, on whether the informal sector is independent and autonomous or whether it is integrated into the economy in ways that might impede or facilitate its development. It has been argued, for example, that the state and capital determine the parameters of the informal sector at a level most functional to their requirements. These interpretations are critically examined in Chapters One and Two with particular reference to South Africa. Attention is then directed towards the particular case of KwaMashu. The research methodology is discussed in Chapter Three. The approach adopted here combined random-sample questionnaires and case study methods. In order to locate the research in its geographical, temporal and political setting the history of KwaMashu is also briefly reviewed. The research results (which cover the extent, viability, potential and difficulties of the informal sector), are examined in Chapters Four to Six. Chapter Four gives the results of the survey - including three detailed case studies and the findings of the questionnaire survey. In Chapter Five garment makers and retailers (two categories which together make up a large component of the KwaMashu informal sector) are analysed more closely using information obtained from case studies. The field work included interviews, not only with informal sector participants, but also with the officials whose decisions influence the development of the informal sector. The latter is examined in Chapter Six. An important finding particularly relevant for policy decisions - concerned the division in levels of informal sector operation and the policy decisions affecting each level. The concluding chapter combines the findings of literature surveys with the empirical results from KwaMashu in order to assess the opportunities for and the limits to informal sector 'development' in South Africa. Practical and realistic means by which those in this sector might be assisted are also discussed in some detail. / Thesis (M.Dev.Studies)-University of Natal, Durban, 1985.

No abstract available / Teacher education / M.Ed. (Education Management)

No abstract available / Teacher education / M.Ed. (Education Management)

The introduction of outcomes-based education in South African schools has changed the roles of all role players. For outcomes-based education to be successfully implemented everyone should fully understand these new roles. Since the principal should ensure that there is effective teaching and learning at school, this study explored his/her role in the implementation of outcomes-based education. This study includes a literature review of instructional leadership and outcomes-based education in South African schools. A qualitative investigation of the role of the school principal in the implementation of outcomes-based education in KwaMashu schools was conducted. Data were analysed, discussed and synthesised. It was found, inter alia that principals and educators do not fully understand the instructional role of the principal in the implementation of outcomes-based education. Lack of training appeared to be the major reason that exacerbates the problem. Based on findings, recommendations for improving the role of the principal were proposed. / Educational Studies / M.Ed. (Education Management)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Universität, Dortmund, 2006.

The introduction of outcomes-based education in South African schools has changed the roles of all role players. For outcomes-based education to be successfully implemented everyone should fully understand these new roles. Since the principal should ensure that there is effective teaching and learning at school, this study explored his/her role in the implementation of outcomes-based education. This study includes a literature review of instructional leadership and outcomes-based education in South African schools. A qualitative investigation of the role of the school principal in the implementation of outcomes-based education in KwaMashu schools was conducted. Data were analysed, discussed and synthesised. It was found, inter alia that principals and educators do not fully understand the instructional role of the principal in the implementation of outcomes-based education. Lack of training appeared to be the major reason that exacerbates the problem. Based on findings, recommendations for improving the role of the principal were proposed. / Educational Studies / M.Ed. (Education Management)