In MPLS networks, CR-LDP (Constraint-Based Routed Label Distribution Protocol) provides traffic engineering and QoS (Quality of Service) by distributing labels along the path. One of the innovative ideas in CR-LDP is right in the capability of bandwidth preemption. Bandwidth preemption allows a high-priority traffic flow to pre-empt the low-priority traffic flow when there is not enough bandwidth for conveying the high-priority flow. However, it is not effective in assuring QoS by simply pre-empting the low-priority flow. Therefore, in the thesis, we present a bandwidth preemption with negotiation (BPN) architecture for MPLS networks. In BPN, a high-priority flow will have to negotiate the bandwidth with Ingress Switch Router (ISR) before it can actually pre-empt the bandwidth being used by the low-priority flow. A network link-state database in ISR is designed to record the remaining bandwidth for each priority class. ISR determines whether a high-priority flow can pre-empt a low-priority flow based on the condition that the low-priority flow is possible to switch to other paths with an equal bandwidth along the path. In order to evaluate the performance of our proposed BPN mechanisms, we modify the MNS (MPLS Network Simulator) by adding a bandwidth negotiation module. For the comparisons, we design two topologies for simulating the proposed BPN and the traditional bandwidth preemption with force mode. It is observed that the BPN have exhibited better performance in average throughput and packet loss rate than the traditional bandwidth preemption, not matter either a complex or a regular topology is used. Finally, we analyze the BPN algorithm complexity by some network parameters, and compare the complexity with that of traditional bandwidth preemption

Master thesis deals with architecture of network based on multiprotocol label switching technology (MPLS). Work also describes use of this technology for point to point or multipoint connections based on network or data link layer. The practical part is focused on design of laboratory task which is aimed to configuration of virtual private LAN service (VPLS). This technology emulates multipoint connection based on the data link layer.

Submitted by Alice Araujo (alice.caraujo@ufpe.br) on 2018-05-14T19:57:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE Sonia Virginia Martins Pereira.pdf: 7035688 bytes, checksum: fe4feb7a74275bb13c2f08167c021da4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-14T19:57:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE Sonia Virginia Martins Pereira.pdf: 7035688 bytes, checksum: fe4feb7a74275bb13c2f08167c021da4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-23 / A pesquisa destina-se à investigação sobre o discurso em seu estatuto de conhecimento acadêmico para uma reconfiguração como objeto escolarizado. O objetivo geral da tese consiste em caracterizar novos objetos de ensino presentes nos LDP, emergentes de teorias do texto, do discurso e do gênero, os quais podem vir a subsidiar a constituição de novo perfil da disciplina língua portuguesa. Objetivos específicos, discriminados na metodologia da pesquisa, traçam caminhos para o alcance do objetivo geral. O corpus de análise é extraído de livros didáticos de português (LDP) do ensino médio, no que estes recursos didáticos apresentam como noções teóricas sobre o discurso e outras noções que lhe são constitutivas ou correlatas, na formulação de um conhecimento disciplinar. O trabalho analítico é desenvolvido sob a perspectiva dos estudos bakhtinianos que se alocam no interior da Análise Dialógica do Discurso (ADD), numa intersecção transdisciplinar com outros campos teóricos do saber acadêmico. Em decorrência disso, os encaminhamentos teórico-metodológicos pautam-se pelas categorias analíticas abstraídas do corpus, a partir de procedimentos anteriores de coleta exploratória de dados para a definição do corpus expandido e do corpus restrito. A análise dos LDP nos autoriza a considerar que i) o ensino de português oscila entre novos e velhos objetos, com a mesma forma de didatização: tratamento metalinguístico, prescritivo, descritivo; ii) o perfil da disciplina língua portuguesa sofreu tímida alteração diante da mudança de perspectivas teórico-metodológicas e da constituição de novos objetos de ensino, transformação ainda não consolidada e iii) a disciplina língua portuguesa está marcada pela instabilidade de seus objetos, oscilando entre o ensino das formas da língua ou dos usos da língua. Como contribuição para o ensino, consideramos a necessidade de reconfiguração epistemológica do objeto teórico discurso para a sua constituição como objeto de ensino e propomos um dispositivo analítico, a análise discursiva, que pode servir como enquadramento analítico para a reflexão sobre os fatos de linguagem revelados nos textos, nos gêneros e nos discursos. / This research is dedicated to the investigation of discourse in its status of academic knowledge for a reconfiguration as an schooled object. The overarching objective of the thesis consists in caracterizing new teaching objects present on didactic books in portuguese (DBP), emerging form theories of the text, discorse and genre, which can eventually subside the construction of a new profile of the portuguese language subject. Specific objectives, discriminated in the research methodology, show paths towards reaching the overall goal. The analysis corpus is extracted from the high school DBP, in which these didactic resources present as theoretical notions on discorse and other notions that are constructive or correlated, in the formulation of disciplinary knowledge. The analytic work is developed under the perspective of the bakhtinian studies allocated inside the Dialogical Analysis of Discourse (DAD), in a transdisciplinary intersection with other theoretical fields of academic knowledge. Consequently, the theoretical-methodological paths are based on the analytic categories abstracted from the corpus, from previous explotatory data collection towards the definition of the expanded corpus and the restricted corpus. The DBP analysis allows us to consider that i) the instruction in portuguese oscilates between old and new objects, with the same form of teaching: metalinguistic, prescriptive, descriptive treatment; ii) the profile of the portuguese language subject went throught timid alterations under the change of theoretic-methodological perspectives and construction of new teaching objects, transformation which is not yet consolidated and iii) the portuguese language subject is marked by the instability in its objects, alternating between the teaching of the forms of the language or the uses of the language. As contribution to teaching, we consider the need of epistemological reconfiguration of the object discourse towards its construction as teaching object and propose a analytic device, the discursive analysis, which may serve as analytical framework to the reflection about the facts of language revealed in the texts, genres and discourses.

In the introduction of this thesis the reasons for transition from older to a new technology called MultiProtocol Label Switching are mentioned – the modern technology enables simple network extension. The theoretical part contains basic principles of this techno- logy and their practical application for supplying private networks to the customers using provider’s network. In practical part packets are analyzed considering the theory. In addi- tion. All the technologies tested on a real network. Experience gained while working on this thesis are assessed during creating laboratory task for class Architecture of Networks intended for students of Bachelor’s study programme.

This thesis proposes a multi-protocol label switching (MPLS)-based architecture to provide quality of service (QoS) for both internet service provider (ISP) networks and backbone Internet Protocol (IP) networks that are heterogeneous in nature. Heterogeneous networks are present due to the use of different link-layer mechanisms in the current Internet. Copper-based links, fiber-based links, and wireless links are some examples of different physical media that lead to different link-layer mechanisms. The proposed architecture uses generalized MPLS and other MPLS features to combat heterogeneity. The proposed architecture leverages the QoS capabilities of asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) and the scalability advantages of the IP differentiated services (DiffServ) architecture. This architecture is constructed in such a way that MPLS interacts with DiffServ in the backbone networks while performing ATM-like QoS enforcement in the periphery of the networks. The architecture supports traffic engineering through MPLS explicit paths. MPLS network management, bandwidth broker capabilities, and customizability is handled through domain specific MPLS management entities that use the Common Open Policy Service (COPS) protocol to interact with other MPLS entities like MPLS label switch routers and label edge routers. The thesis provides a description of MPLS and QoS, followed by a discussion of the motivation for a new architecture. The MPLS-based architecture is then discussed and compared against similar architectures. To integrate the ATM and DiffServ QoS attributes into this architecture, MPLS signaling protocols are used. There are two common MPLS signaling protocols. They are Resource Reservation Protocol with traffic engineering extensions (RSVP-TE) and Constraint-Routed Label Distribution Protocol (CR-LDP). Both these protocols offer comparative MPLS features for constraint routed label switch path construction, maintenance, and termination. RSVP-TE uses UDP and IP, while CR-LDP uses TCP. This architecture proposes a multi-level domain of operation where CR-LDP operates in internet service provider (ISP) networks and RSVP- TE operates in backbone networks along with DiffServ. Qualitative analysis for this choice of domain of operation of the signaling protocols is then presented. Quantitative analysis through simulation demonstrates the advantages of combining DiffServ and MPLS in the backbone. The simulation setup compares the network performance in handling mixed ill-behaved and well-behaved traffic in the same link, with different levels of DiffServ and MPLS integration in the network. The simulation results demonstrate the advantages of integrating the QoS features of DiffServ, ATM functionality, and MPLS into a single architecture. / Master of Science

Leadership Development Programs (LDPs) programs are employed by firms globally in different multiple manners that are aimed at accelerating the development and growth of highly capable candidates. Among these candidates, depending on the particular LDP, may be those possess engineering skills typically afforded through engineering education as measured by completion of an engineering degree. Infrastructure reductions might be afforded corporations if multiple LDPs could be supplanted with one program such as an Engineering Leadership Development Program. In practice, however, economic constraints limited the total sample population of this category to 67 (48 with engineering degrees and 15 without). Employing SPSS Sample Power 3, based on the pilot testing for CPMs, 113 subjects per group (with and without engineering degrees - totaling 226) would be required to yield a power of 80%, and of the 350 received completed surveys received, CPMs meeting the desired criteria accounted for only 63 (18%) of the total number of rated organizational leaders. Consequently, while all testing included the CPM group, the scope was expanded to also include managers with and without PMI certifications as well as managers with and without engineering degrees. The first research hypothesis was Ho: There is no affiliation amongst Transformational Leadership (TL) and engineering education. Thus, the author’s aim is to determine the role, if any, that engineering education plays in perceived leadership style as exhibited by CPMs and non-CPMs holding engineering degrees (e.g. EE, ME, IE, etc.) versus the same without engineering degrees. A secondary goal is to determine, within the management category, which style (transformational or transactional) serves as the dominant style of leadership. With this in mind, the independent variable, CPMs with and without engineering degrees, was operationally defined consistent with this Project.

This is a descriptive study that poses the questions and discussion regarding use of personality tests in prediction of future job performance of the current undergraduate hospitality students. A gap exists between the perception of the skills and competencies of high performers and the perception of hospitality students (Berezina et al., 2011; Malan, Berezina & Cobanoglu, 2012). The purpose of this study is to investigate if personality tests will help in predicting the success of students in their preferred job setting as compared to current high performers (managers). The use of personality tests increased substantially after 1988, when the government banned the use of polygraphs (Employee Polygraph Protection Act, 1988 as cited in Stabile, 2002). Although there is no right or wrong answer to personality test questions, the answers would allow employers to have a better idea if there is a sufficient fit between the applicant and the position sought. To compare the personality types of successful hotel managers and hospitality students to determine if there is a need to customize the hospitality curriculum in order to produce graduates who will fit to the correct type of positions, a convenient sample was drawn from a hotel management company's managers and hospitality students of a university in the Southeast USA. The sample for this study was 175 Managers and 150 Students. With the 144/175 (82% response rate) manager and 76/150 (51% response rate) students the main findings show there is a significantly difference between managers and students. This indicates that current hospitality students and current managers have different perceptions about hospitality industry. Since current students will work on the industry in the future, the difference needs to be eliminated by both curricular and extra-curricular activities. There are also significant differences among managerial positions' (general manager, assistant general manager, and director of sales) LDP scores. This could indicate that it might not be a good fit to promote these individuals from one position to other within the company since each position differs from each other.

The backdrop for this research paper is the tunnelling that is currently nearing completion in the Epirus region of Northern Greece, as part of the Egnatia Odos Highway construction. Highly deformed and altered sediments and low grade rock masses dominate the near surface environment creating a variety of technical challenges for tunnelling. Accurate equivalent rock mass performance reductions for tunnels in these materials is complicated by geomorphologic peculiarities such as those found in Flysch materials. The mechanisms of rock-support interaction related to face or near-face reinforcement systems are poorly understood at this time. As well, the mechanics of weak rock materials in the complex deformation regime in advance of a tunnel face are not robustly integrated into current 2D design models. Design decisions are currently possible using empirical techniques and simplified models, but a true optimized and mechanicsbased design process for the various support technologies are not fully developed. This research addresses elements of such issues, such as: use of the Longitudinal Displacement Profile (LDP) of the Convergence-Confinement method of tunnel design, relating 2D numerical models to their distance from the face using the size of the plastic zone as an indicator, near face tunnel support analysis in weak rock masses, boundary condition assessment for numerical modelling of such weak rock masses, the influence of plasticity zones surrounding tunnel excavations, and modelling optimization techniques for weak rock tunnelling in order to optimize the design of such underground structures and better predict near-face deformation and yield development. This work involved the use of 2D and 3D numerical models of tunnel sequencing for numerical simulation of composite material behaviour and sequential tunnel deformation response. / Thesis (Ph.D, Geological Sciences & Geological Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2009-09-01 08:46:30.537

Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) emerged as a suitable solution to optimization of Internet Protocol (IP) networks. It improves network efficiency, utilization of resources and resilience in packet switched networks. With MPLS, packet forwarding decisions are made based on label inspection rather than packet header information. While MPLS is native to packet switched networks, Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching (GMPLS) extends MPLS functionality to networks that support non-packet switched domains such as time, lambda and fiber. GMPLS also offers better resource management through the use of a new protocol; Link Management Protocol (LMP). In this work, a performance evaluation of GMPLS and MPLS control plane signaling protocols was performed. Further, a control plane interworking model for MPLS and GMPLS networks was proposed. Simulations were carried out to examine the performance of signaling protocols in an MPLS network configured with, and without Quality-of-Service (QoS). Conclusions on the performance characteristics of each signaling protocol were made based on the collected results.

In the modern era there exist applications that require very high resources and generate a tremendous amount of traffic so they require considerable amount of bandwidth and QOS to operate and perform correctly. MPLS is a new and a fast technology that offers much remuneration both in terms of providing trouble-free and efficient security together with the high speed of switching. MPLS not only guarantees quality of service of IP networks but in addition to provides scope for traffic engineering it offers many enhanced features of IP networks as it does not replace IP routing, but works along with existing and future routing technologies to provide high-speed data forwarding between label-switched routers (LSRs) together with QOS. Many network carriers are facing the problem of how to accommodate such ever-growing demands for bandwidth. And the static nature of current routing algorithms, such as OSPF or IS-IS, the situation is going even worse since the traffic is concentrated on the "least cost" paths which causes the congestion for some links while leaving other links lightly loaded. Therefore, MPLS traffic engineering is proposed and by taking advantage of MPLS, traffic engineering can route the packets through explicit paths to optimize network resource utilization and traffic performance. MPLS provides a robust quality of service control feature in the internet. MPLS class of service feature can work in accordance with other quality of service architectures for IP networks.