Computer-Support Cooperative Work (CSCW) reflects the change in emphasis from using computers to solve problems to using computers to facilitate human interactions. Most studies, however, have focused on the use of the technology rather than on the human-human interaction (HHI) in these environments due to: the varied perspectives of the investigators; and the lack of a consistent variables. Although numerous studies exist on a variety of products, only limited research has been conducted with the most prevalent of the technologies in the marketplace, Lotus Notes™. This field study, conducted using Lotus Notes™, operationalizes a model proposed, but not tested, for the study of group decision-making in CSCW environments put forth by Kraemer and Pinsonneault (1990). This study examines the use of CSCW in the group decision-making process, the participation rate for group decision-making in CSCW environments, and the criteria for determining quality in group decisions in CSCW environments. The study also proposes a new perspective for examining technology using the human context, recommends extensions for the group study framework and explores areas for future research.

Surfaces with static contact angle greater than 150 degrees are typically classified as superhydrophobic. Such coatings have been inspired by the lotus leaf. As water flows over a superhydrophobic surface, "slip effect" is produced resulting in a reduction in the skin-friction drag exerted on the surface. Slip flow is caused by the entrapment of a layer of air between water and the surface. Superhydrophobicity could be utilized to design surfaces for applications such as energy conservation, noise reduction, laminar-to-turbulent-transition delay, and mixing enhancement. A popular method of manufacturing a superhydrophobic surface is microfabrication in which well-designed microgrooves and/or poles are placed on a surface in a regular configuration. This method is a costly process and cannot easily be applied to large-scale objects with arbitrary shapes. In this work, we fabricated and characterized simpler low-cost superhydrophobic coatings based on controlling the volume of entrapped air in order to enhance durability (longevity) and the properties of the coating bringing the technology closer to large-scale submerged bodies such as submarines and ships. Two different low-cost fabricating techniques have been utilized: (i) random deposition of hydrophobic aerogel microparticles; and (ii) deposition of hydrophobic polymer micro- and nanofibers using DC-biased AC-electrospinning. The present study is aimed at providing experimental, numerical, and analytical models to characterize the superhydrophobicity and longevity of the coatings depending on the morphology of the surfaces and the concentration of the hydrophobic materials. The surface's micro/nanostructure were observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The degree of hydrophobicity of the coatings was estimated using drag-reduction and contact-angle measurements using a rheometer and a goniometer respectively. Furthermore, We have advanced and calibrated a novel optical technique to noninvasively measure the longevity of submerged superhydrophobic coatings subjected to different environmental conditions. We have also modeled the performance of superhydrophobic surfaces comprised of randomly distributed roughness. The numerical simulations are aimed at improving our understanding of the drag-reduction effect and the stability of the air–water interface against pressure in terms of the microstructure parameters. Moreover, we have experimentally characterized the terminal pressure (i.e. the pressure at which the air–water interface completely fails) of aerogel coatings with different morphologies.

The subject of this thesis is self-immolation in Buddhist countries. The author shows examples from both history and the present and interprets them as a ritualised pattern passed on from the fourth century until the present time, the continuity of which was based on literary tradition as well as on historical occurrences. She demonstrates that self-immolations in Vietnam and Tibet also follow the centuries long tradition and prove to have the same components. The author intends to answer the question of the origin of the tradition in Buddhism and its broad popularity compared to other forms of self-sacrifice. Reasons for self-immolations among the Buddhists might have been manyfold: to demonstrate their loyalty to the buddhist doctrine and the Buddha, to use it as means of attaining enlightment immediately or as a form of a political protest. All of the above can be understood as a sacrifice to the Three Jewels of Buddhism, i.e. the Buddha, the Drarma and the Sangha. The author also handles self-immolation in Buddhism as a question of ethics in order to present the problem in its completeness. In doing so, she concentrates on the point of view of the followers of Buddhism themselves. The phenomenon proves to have many forms and therefore even the Buddhists are nor united in their opinions....

Submitted by Andrea Pereira (andrea.pereira@unipampa.edu.br) on 2018-02-26T16:41:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dis Elizandra Machado 2017.pdf: 4131928 bytes, checksum: 0cc88acf3f5534f0382e18b562b8a4ed (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vera Leite (vera.leite@unipampa.edu.br) on 2018-03-01T14:41:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dis Elizandra Machado 2017.pdf: 4131928 bytes, checksum: 0cc88acf3f5534f0382e18b562b8a4ed (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-01T14:41:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dis Elizandra Machado 2017.pdf: 4131928 bytes, checksum: 0cc88acf3f5534f0382e18b562b8a4ed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-06 / Atualmente o Rio Grande do Sul tem a alimentação pecuária baseada quase que exclusivamente em pastagens de elevado teor forrageiro. O cornichão (Lotus corniculatus L.) é uma forrageira que tem se destacado na região da campanha devido sua grande resistência ao frio e às geadas, porém, é uma semente muito pequena e leve, o que dificulta o uso e regulagem de tecnologias agrícolas. O recobrimento de sementes é uma técnica de beneficiamento que tem se apresentado promissora para corrigir falhas e melhorar as características de lotes de sementes, remover contaminantes, entre outros. O leito de jorro é um equipamento que pode ser utilizado no recobrimento de sementes pois seu movimento cíclico aliado com a atomização proporciona uma boa adesão da suspensão à partícula e uma secagem adequada resultando em uma cobertura regular e uniforme. Com isso, o presente trabalho apresentou como objetivo realizar o estudo do recobrimento de sementes de cornichão em leito de jorro. Para a realização deste trabalho foram utilizadas sementes de cornichão cedidas pela Embrapa Pecuária Sul (Bagé, RS). A metodologia consistiu em caracterizar física, fisiológica e morfologicamente as sementes; estudar diferentes formulações baseadas em componentes poliméricos para a suspensão de recobrimento; estudar a fluidodinâmica das sementes em leito de jorro; estudar o processo de recobrimento das sementes em leito de jorro e avaliar a qualidade do produto final. Para avaliar o recobrimento foi utilizado um planejamento experimental do tipo composto central rotacional (DCCR), tendo como variáveis independentes a temperatura do ar e a vazão da suspensão e como respostas a eficiência do processo, o crescimento das partículas e o peso de mil sementes (PMS). Os resultados obtidos para a fluidodinâmica mostraram que a carga mássica que melhor se adequou ao processo foi 500 g de sementes; os filmes poliméricos formados após o recobrimento em leito de jorro proporcionaram a obtenção de uma fina película sobre as sementes; os resultados da eficiência do processo foram entre 6 a 50 %, para o crescimento da partícula entre 0,3 a 2,9 % e para o PMS entre 1,10 a 1,52 g. A avaliação estatística permitiu verificar o efeito das condições experimentais (temperatura do ar e vazão da suspensão) sobre as respostas avaliadas. Considerou-se como mais satisfatório o experimento que proporcionou maiores valores para a eficiência do processo (50,36 %) e crescimento das partículas (2,91 %), provenientes do recobrimento com temperatura de 75 °C e vazão da suspensão de 13,4 mL/min. Através das análises realizadas para o produto final verificou-se que houve um incremento no tamanho e no peso das sementes. Também observou-se que as sementes não foram prejudicadas fisiologicamente pois não foram danificadas suas reservas de substâncias e estrutura justificando a realização deste trabalho. / Nowadays, Rio Grande do Sul has livestock feed based almost exclusively on high forage pastures. The birds foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) is a forage that has stood out in the region of the campaign due to its great resistance to the cold and the frosts, but it is a very small and light seed, which makes difficult the use and regulation of agricultural technologies. The seed coating is a beneficiation technique that has been promising to correct faults and to improve the characteristics of seed lots, to remove contaminants, among others. The spouted bed is an equipment that can be used in the coating of seeds because its cyclic movement combined with the atomization provides a good adhesion of the suspension to the particle and a suitable drying resulting in a regular and uniform coverage. Thus, the present study presented aimed at making the study of coating birdsfoot trefoil seeds in spouted bed. For the accomplishment of this work we used seeds of birds foot trefoil ceded by Embrapa Pecuária Sul (Bagé, RS). The methodology consisted in the physical, physiological and morphological characterization of the seeds; studying different formulations based on polymer components for the coating suspension; to study the fluid dynamics of the seeds in the spouted bed; to study the process of coating the seeds in the spouted bed and to evaluate the quality of the final product. In order to evaluate the coating, an experimental design of the central rotational compound type (DCCR) was used, having as independent variables the air temperature and the suspension flow rate and as responses to process efficiency, particle growth and the weight of one thousand seeds (PMS). The results obtained for the fluid dynamics showed that the mass load that best suited the process was 500 g of seeds; the polymer films formed after the spouted bed coating provided a thin film on the seeds; the results of the process efficiency were between 6 to 50 %, for particle growth between 0,3 to 2,9 % and for PMS between 1,10 to 1,52 g. The statistical evaluation allowed to verify the effect of the experimental conditions (air temperature and suspension flow) on the evaluated responses. It was considered as more satisfactory the experiment that provided higher values for the process efficiency (50,36 %) and particle growth (2,91 %), from the coating with a temperature of 75 °C and a flow rate of the suspension of 13,4 mL/min. Through the analyzes performed for the final product it was verified that there was an increase in the size and the weight of the seeds. It was also observed that the seeds were not harmed physiologically because their reserves of substances and structure were not damaged justifying the accomplishment of this work.

Orientador: Ricardo Alan Verdú Ramos / Resumo: A bioenergia, energia da biomassa, possui um papel fundamental na matriz elétrica brasileira, sendo que o setor sucroenergético é merecedor de destaque com a produção de excedentes de energia elétrica. No entanto, até bem pouco tempo atrás haviam entraves para o incremento na cogeração nesse setor devido à limitação a 30 MW da exportação da energia incentivada através da concessão de descontos nas tarifas de transmissão e distribuição da energia às usinas. Com a atualização recente da legislação, esse limite foi ampliado para 50 MW para as usinas já existentes e para 300 MW para novos projetos, como forma de incentivo para a implantação de novos investimentos. Diante deste contexto, no presente trabalho foram analisadas tecnologias para potencializar a cogeração de energia, a partir da queima da biomassa da cana-de-açúcar, no setor sucroenergético, a fim de possibilitar ganhos com a venda de excedentes de energia elétrica. Para tanto, foi estudado o incremento do uso da palha como combustível, por meio da regulagem dos extratores da colhedora e transporte da mesma junto com a cana, nas proporções de 4, 6, 8, 10 e 12 % em relação à cana entregue na usina e posterior passagem por sistema de limpeza a seco antes da queima na caldeira. Além disso, foi realizada a eletrificação dos acionamentos dos equipamentos que operavam com turbinas a vapor de baixa eficiência e alto consumo de vapor. Neste trabalho também foi verificado o efeito do uso de camisas de alta drenagem (rolo Lótus)... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Bioenergy, biomass energy, has a fundamental role in the Brazilian electricity matrix, and the sucroenergy sector is worthy of note with the production of surplus electricity. However, until very recently there were obstacles to an increase in cogeneration in this sector due to the limitation of 30 MW in energy exports encouraged through the concession of discounts on energy transmission and distribution tariffs to the mills. With the recent updating of the legislation, this limit was extended to 50 MW for existing plants and to 300 MW for new projects, as an incentive for the implementation of new investments. In view of this context, in the present work, technologies for potentializing energy cogeneration, from the burning of sugarcane biomass, in the sugar-energy sector, were introduced in order to make gains from the sale of surplus electricity. In order to do so, the increase of the use of straw as fuel was studied by regulating the extractors of the harvester and transporting it together with the cane, in the proportions of 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12% in relation to the sugar cane delivered in the and subsequent passage through the dry cleaning system before burning in the boiler. In addition, the study was complemented with the electrification of the drives of the equipment that operated with steam turbines of low efficiency and high consumption of steam. In this work the effect of the use of high drainage liners (Lotus roll) was also verified, in order to reduce the impacts o... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

<p>Sandvik har idag inget standardiserat utseende för applikationer på webben. Mycket av utseendet är idag hårdkodat och detta skapar problem när nya kunder vill ha applikationen. Detta examensarbete går ut på att göra en applikation mer dynamiskt så att det går att styra så mycket som möjligt från ett stylesheet. Plattformen är IBM Lotus Domino och utvecklingen sker i Domino Designer. Uppsatsen behandlar vad utvecklarna ser som förutsättningar och begränsningar med Domino Designer som webbutvecklingsverktyg och vilka delar av applikationen som ska standardiseras enligt kunderna. Av arbetet framgår även det att Domino Designer har bra stöd för utveckling av webbapplikationer.</p>

<p>Utveckling av olika typer av påbyggnadskod till programvaror blir allt vanligare. Dessa som går under samlingsnamnet plugins skiljer sig från vanliga applikationer då de har en annan struktur samt speciella beroenden till applikationsspecifika moduler. Problem uppstår när denna typ av utveckling inte stöds av de vanliga utvecklingsmiljöer som finns ute på företagen och delar som borde vara automatiserade måste utföras manuellt. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur utvecklingsmiljön för Java på Sandvik IT Services kan anpassas för att stödja plugin-utveckling för IBM Lotus Notes. I denna studie undersöks skillnaden mellan plugin-utveckling och den vanliga Java-utvecklingen på företaget samt hur detta påverkar verktygen i utvecklingsmiljön. Resultatet beskriver hur utvecklingsmiljön kan anpassas för att stödja plugin-utveckling och en lösning för detta föreslås. Slutligen visas en implementation av lösningen i form av en prototyp där utvecklingsmiljön anpassas för plugins med Maven pluginet Tycho.</p>

The purpose of this research is to understand the knowledge sharing behavior of employees of a company through the Lotus Notes groupware. This research adopted the quality research method. Top 20 employees who had highest frequencies of knowledge sharing were selected based on the Lotus Notes database of the target company. An one-one interview with these top 20 employees was proceeded. Finally, 13 employees accepted a comprehensive interview. The impact factors of knowledge sharing behavior can be classified into three levels: individual, group and organization. The related factors of the knowledge sharing behavior will also affected by each other. In the aspects of the individual level, there are four main factors, which include altruism, working attitude, inspiration and individual capability. Regarding the group level, the main factors include the attitude of manager, cooperation requirement, mutual benefit, communication, trust and partnership. As for the organizational level, job position, information technology, organizational culture, knowledge management system and the category of knowledge are the main impact factors. For each main factor, more details are explored. Overall, this research has provided a comprehensive framework of the impact factors of the employees¡¦ knowledge sharing behaviors of the target company. Hopefully, it can serve as the foundation for future research.

<p>Detta arbete behandlar vad man som organisation bör tänka på när man inför ett intranät i sin verksamhet. Jag anser att det generellt saknas riktlinjer för hur en intranätimplementering i en organisation bör gå till. De aspekter som arbetet tar upp är främst vilken information som är lämplig att distribueras via ett intranät, hur ett intranät bör administreras, underhållas och förvaltas, samt vilken implementationsplattform man skall bygga sitt intranät på. När det gäller intranätplattformar har jag begränsat min undersökning till en jämförelse mellan webbaserade intranät och intranät baserade på gruppvaruprogrammet Lotus Notes. Arbetet har utförts genom en litteraturstudie och genom intervjuer med representanter från fem olika organisationer som nyligen har, eller är på väg att införa ett intranät i sin verksamhet.</p><p>Slutsatserna visar på att nästan all information kan distribueras via ett intranät och att en organisation bör införa klara och strikta regler och rutiner för hur administration, underhåll och förvaltning av ett intranät skall gå till. Plattformsvalet beror främst på vilken typ av organisation det är frågan om, användarnas kompetens och datorvana, vad organisationen har tänkt att använda intranätet till, samt vilka investeringsmöjligheter organisationen har. Rapporten avslutas med en diskussion och förslag till fortsatt arbete.</p>

The har1-1 mutant of Lotus japonicus line Gifu is characterised by increased nodulation and significantly inhibited root growth in the presence of its microsymbiont Mesorhizoboium loti (for example strain NZP2235). A sexual cross between the mutant and another L. japonicus genotype Funakura (with wild-type root and nodule morphology) demonstrated Mendelian recessive segregation of both phenotypes (for root and nodule) in 242 F2 individuals. No separation of phenotypes was observed, suggesting a single mutation with pleiotropic effects. Reciprocal grafting showed that the har1-1 controlled phenotype is governed by the shoot. Using a skeletal genetic map of arbitrary molecular markers produced from a Gifu x Funakura cross, the har1-1 locus was positioned between two markers at about 7 and 13 cM distance. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and transgene sequences were detected by allele-specific PCR in DNA isolated from small (1 mg mass) individual seeds and half-cotyledon of the model legume Lotus japonicus, allowing fast determination of a seedling’s genomic status. This permitted a shortening of the breeding cycle for multi-trait seed lines. Fast neutron mutagenesis of Lotus japonicus wild-type genotype Gifu resulted in the first time isolation of a stable mutant (FNN5-2) unable to form nitrogen-fixing nodules in symbiosis with Mesorhizobium loti, though being infected by mycorrhizal fungi. The mutation behaves as a loss-of-function recessive, and has no other apparent phenotypic effects. Molecular characterization indicates a partial loss of the LjNFR1 LysM type receptor kinase gene. Additionally part of the LjNIN gene (encoding a putative transcription factor needed for nodulation) is also missing. Transcript levels for both genes are severely reduced. As LjNIN and LjNFR1 are in the same chromosomal region we tested whether this terminal portion is lacking. PCR analysis confirms that genes within the relevant interval (such as LjPAL1 (encoding phenylalanine ammonia lyase) and LjEIL2 (encoding an ethylene insensitive-like response regulator)) are present, suggesting that the mutational event induced by the fast neutrons was either a double hit coincidently involving two nodulation-related genes, a major genome rearrangement, or a major segmental inversion. To develop an integrated nodule developmental model based on gene interactions in autoregulation, nodulation and plant hormone response deficient lines, HE double mutants have been built using the har1-1 mutant (hypernodulation and aberrant root) and the ethylene insensitive transgenic line Etr1-1. The homozygous loss-of-function mutant har1-1 has increased nodulation and decreased root growth. Ethylene insensitivity mediated by the transgene 35S::AtETR1-1 restores the normal root growth. The HE double mutants were confirmed by triple response test and allele- or gene-specific PCR. The current results in this study indicate that a) HE double mutants shown the same nodulation pattern as har1-1 and normal root formation as Etr1-1, suggesting that nodule and root control diverge at some stage with root control being ethylene-mediated and the Har1 gene, the orthologue of GmNARK is involved in nodulation. b) Grafting demonstrated that the shoot is the source of ethylene suppression of the har1-1 induced inhibition of root growth. c) The mutated Etr1-1 gene was able to replace AVG in BAP root inhibition; d) IPT-dependent cytokinin overproduction led to aberrant root architecture in har1-1; e) Crosstalk between ethylene and cytokinin in HE double mutant by qRT-PCR.