付記する学位プログラム名: 京都大学卓越大学院プログラム「先端光・電子デバイス創成学」 / 京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第23904号 / 工博第4991号 / 新制||工||1779(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科電子工学専攻 / (主査)教授 竹内 繁樹, 教授 川上 養一, 准教授 浅野 卓 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DGAM

Inledning: Syftet i själva utförandet av vad en revisor gör är detsamma årtionden tillbaka men utförandet av processen har förändrats med digitaliseringen. Processen har utvecklats genom att digitala system utför revision aktiviteter automatiskt samt lagrar majoriteten av information en revisor behöver i digital form. En integration av digitalisering hos revisorer medför däremot vissa utmaningar och problem. Digitalisering kan vara en kostsam investering för företag samt att det blir en fråga om hur anställda anpassar sig till modern teknologi. Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att studera digitalisering inom revisionsbranschen. Detta för att bättre förstå hur digitalisering bidrar till effektivitet i revisionsprocessen. Metod: Studien utgår från en induktiv ansats för att bidra med en djupare förståelse inom ämnet. Det användes även en kvalitativ metod där semi-strukturerade intervjuer med aktiva revisorer inom de fyra största revisionsbolag utfördes för att uppfylla syftet. Slutsats: Studien visar att effektiviteten i revisionsprocessen uppnås genom automatiseringen av de standardiserade arbetsuppgifter. Detta gör att revisorn kan fokusera på mer väsentliga uppgifter som kräver högre kompetens och som inte kan automatiseras. Det blir viktigt för företag att ta extra hänsyn till att fokusera på att lära ut ny teknologi och bevisa nyttan för att kunna använda digitaliseringen inom revision på ett effektivt sätt. / Introduction: The purpose of an auditor's work is the same going decades back but the means of the auditing process changes in line with digitization. The process has developed through digital systems performing audit activities automatically whilst also storing the majority of the information an auditor needs in digital form. The integration of digitization with auditors still brings challenges and problems. Digitization can be a very costly investment for companies whilst it also becomes a question of how employees adapt to modern technology. Purpose: The purpose of the essay is to study digitization within the auditing industry. This is to better understand how digitization contributes to efficiency in the audit process. Method: The study is based upon an inductive approach to contribute a deeper understanding within this topic. A qualitative method was also used where semi-structured interviews were conducted with active working auditors within the four biggest auditing companies in order to fulfill the purpose. Conclusion: The study shows that the efficiency of the audit process is achieved through the automation of its standardized tasks. This allows the auditor to focus on more essential tasks that require higher skills and cannot be automated. It will be important for companies to regard the importance of internal training and prove the benefits to be able to use digitization within auditing in an effective way.

ABSTRACT The goal of this qualitative study was to gain an understanding of the perception that exists for fourteen Jamaican instructional leaders as they integrate Tablet Computers (TCs) into the pedagogical process to prepare grade four students for the Grade Four Literacy Test (G4LT). The research was conducted in four schools; three rural primary schools in the parishes of Trelawny, Manchester and St Elizabeth and an urban primary school in Kingston. The focal group comprised four principals, three vice principals, three grade four coordinators and four grade four teachers from the scope of schools that were piloting the Tablet in School (TIS) initiative. Structured interviews and observation were used as data sources. Findings from the data revealed that the instructional leaders, while receptive to the initiative of utilizing the TCs in the pedagogical process, were unable to speak to how effective its usage was in preparing students for the G4LT. Furthermore, although the devices were somewhat facilitated in the teaching and learning process, the majority of instructional leaders did not use them to teach the components of the examination. Finally, results suggested that the usage of the TC as an instructional tool had encouraged more favourable responses from students in the classroom learning environment. As the first study to investigate the integration of TC to teach literacy in the Jamaican Primary Classroom, the current study provided novel insights and a springboard for more qualitative investigations into this particular phenomenon. It is also anticipated that the emerging data will influence and inform decision making within the Ministry of Education (MoE). / Educational Leadership

<p>Rapid solidification is a well established method to produce novel materials with improved mechanical or electrical properties. The sharp-interface kinetics of rapid solidification for a binary alloy is summarized. A Phase Field model mapping to this sharp interface model is summarized and solved by a new adaptive mesh refinement algorithm. Simulation results are consistent with experiments: The solidification velocity increases in power-law like fashion at low undercooling and approximately linearly at high undercooling; The solid/liquid interface undergoes a transition from four-fold dendritic to circular crystal structures; Solute trapping emerges and the solute partitioning approaches unity as the solidification velocity increases. Our Phase Field simulations are the first self -consistent predictions of velocity selection and morphological selection at both low and high undercoolings and also the first independent check of the solute trapping model in two dimensions.</p> / Thesis / Master of Applied Science (MASc)

The Mazatzal orogeny (1.66-1.60 Ga) is a key element of the tectonic evolution of the North American continent during the Proterozoic (Whitmeyer and Karlstrom, 2007). Recently, Mesoproterozoic detrital zircon grains (1.55-1.45 Ga) have been found in metasedimentary rocks that were thought to have been deformed during the Paleoproterozoic Mazatzal orogeny (Jones et al. 2011; Doe et al. 2012, 2013; Daniel et al. 2013). Some type examples Mazatzal deformation now seem to be too young to have been deformed in the accepted time of that orogeny (1.66-1.60 Ga) and may have been deformed in the younger, newly defined, Picuris orogeny. This leads to questions regarding the timing and nature of the Mazatzal orogeny and its importance in the evolution of the North American continent. The object of this research is to constrain the timing of deformation related to the Mazatzal and Picuris orogenies and clarify the Proterozoic history of the North American continent. The Four Peaks area in central Arizona has been selected as an ideal location to tightly constrain the timing of deformation. The area hosts a package of Proterozoic metasedimentary rocks that are folded into a kilometer-scale syncline, surrounded by vi Mesoproterozoic to Paleoproterozoic granitoids. The Four Peaks syncline has been considered a type example of Mazatzal-age deformation (Karlstrom and Bowring, 1988). Zircon and monazite geochronology are presented along with structural and petrologic data in order to understand the geologic history of the Four Peaks area. The evidence suggests that three deformation events occurred at ~1675 Ma, 1665-1655 Ma and 1490-1450 Ma. Sedimentary deposition occurred 1665-1655 Ma and 1520-1490 Ma with a significant disconformity in between these episodes. Both the Mazatzal and Picuris orogenies can be associated with periods of deformation, sedimentary deposition and pluton emplacement. The most significant shortening event, which formed the Four Peaks syncline, occurred during Mesoproterozoic time and was related to the Picuris orogeny.

No / The recent turn to Lacan’s work in critically-oriented Organization and Management Theory signals a welcome focus on one of the 20th century’s most influential thinkers. This article introduces Lacan’s thesis on gender, making a case for its importance for understanding organizations. We discuss two contrasting receptions to Lacan’s Seminar XX, from pro- and anti-Lacanian feminists, offer our own interpretation which can be summed up as a Lacanian inspired parody of the phallic signifier, and argue that Lacanian theorists should turn Lacan’s ideas back upon them/ourselves to question critically our own positions. Further we review Lacan’s seminar XVII and its analysis of four dominant discourses—the university, the master, the hysteric and the analyst. The advantages of the discourse of the hysteric for a Lacanian politics of gender, enabling us to undo our arguments from outside of our own gender and identity, are then identified. We thus advocate conceptual and empathetic (hysterical) bisexuality for critical scholarship within organization studies that already, perhaps unawares, is hysterical. This allows us to avoid, as much as possible, slipping into the frozen and sterile discourse of the master.

<p>Multiphase flow dynamics are integral to many propulsion, sprays, energetics, and industrial processes. Practical systems, especially in combustion, typically involve multidimensional spatial structures and complex and coupled physics interactions. At some operating conditions, flow mixing, combustion chemical reactions, and flow residence time scales are relatively similar and therefore coupled (i.e., each affects the other). For example, the combustion and atomization of liquid fuel govern the performance of combustors. In addition to spray-air interactions, injection strategies may rely on spray-wall interactions to achieve improved mixing and performance. Understanding and predicting these flows requires advanced experimental diagnostics that provide information on local state variables with high spatiotemporal resolution. However, multiphase flow dynamics integral to these combustion systems may not be fully resolved with conventional one or two-dimensional diagnostics. Tomographic reconstructions yield 3D spatial information and may provide high-fidelity data to fill the technology gap. Performing these 3D diagnostics with adequate time-resolution is necessary to capture the full dynamics of high-speed flows. This work focuses on developing, applying, and evaluating non-intrusive 4D (x,y,z,t) volumetric imaging in challenging combustion environments. Each optical diagnostic approach probes a different phase of combustion experiments in a non-instructive manner. For example, Schlieren imaging visualizes the index of refraction gradients corresponding to density changes in the gas phase. This work uses various optical approaches (e.g., scattering, Schlieren, or fluorescence) with 4D imaging to provide quantitative measurements of different combustion phenomena. Parallel ray-tracing simulations are utilized to guide diagnostic development and quantify measurement capabilities. This work presents significant high-speed diagnostic improvements for combustion applications relevant to defense, energy generation, and propulsion.</p>

Publication of an amuletic papyrus of the early post-Ramesside Period found in the tomb of Saroy (TT233) invoking the protection of the four akh-spirits. The text, which is the earliest attested to specify the names of the spirits, is analysed in the context of the known parallel texts and of the references to the four spirits.

Washington, DC, is one of the most stunning and vital cities globally. It is not just because of historical sites, monuments, and political power, but it is a home for a diverse population and an increasingly diverse economy. Almost twenty years ago, the city planning department envisioned the plan of "Living Downtown," which is now significantly applied as a "mixed-use development" in the central Washington district. Looking back to downtown DC's history, central Washington is changing enormously from commercial to residential and Mixed-used sectors. Now it is essential to consider the reflection of those changes on the city's urban fabric and street life. / Master of Science / Downtown, in 2017, was the most important job center and home to a total of 91 million square feet. Almost 78% is occupied with office spaces, and the rest of the area is open for people to visit as a "public space." However, the recent COVID pandemic wave and remote-friendly residential apartments spark the need for living-working architecture in urban cities. I believe this is when urbanized locations like "downtown of Washington DC" need to be updated with vibrant urban life that enhances the accessibility, performance, beauty of sidewalks, and innovative infrastructure in the public spaces to elevate the human experience of the built environment. Thesis Design- "living the downtown, the era of new neighborhood streets" is going to be a new change in the street life of the living city. The research question is focused on- "What is the future of downtown streets for new neighborhoods?" describing and analyzing the concept, pedestrian behavior, and challenges of one of the vital streets in the downtown. Considering the upcoming changes in the downtown's zoning and observing one of the versatile streets in the town, my design interventions will change the point of view of the existing pedestrian life as a reflection of an adjacent building and enhance the urban fabric of the city to make it walkable, Not just to walk but to live there.

Stimulated electromagnetic emission (SEE) produced by interactions of high-power radio waves with the Earth's ionosphere is currently a topic of significant interest in ionospheric modification physics. SEE is believed to be produced by nonlinear wave-wave interactions involving the electromagnetic and electrostatic plasma waves in the altitude region where the pump wave frequency is near the upper hybrid resonance frequency. The most prominent upshifted feature in the SEE spectrum is the broad upshifted maximum (BUM). In this study, the instability processes thought to be responsible to the BUM spectra in the SEE experiments are discussed and analyzed using theoretical and electrostatic particle-in-cell (PIC) models. From characteristics of this feature, a four-wave parametric decay process has been studied as a viable mechanism for its production. The object is to (1) investigate the early time nonlinear development of the four-wave decay instability by using theoretical and numerical simulation models, (2) study the variation of the four-wave decay instability spectral features for a wide range of plasma and pump wave parameters, and (3) access its possible role in the production of the BUM spectral feature. Results of this investigation show that there is good agreement between predictions of the proposed theoretical model and the numerical simulation experiments. The simulation electric field power spectrum exhibits many of the important features of the experimental observations. The numerical simulation results show that consideration of the full nonlinear development of the four-wave parametric instability is crucial in providing insight into the asymmetric nature of the wave frequency spectrum observed during the experiments. The velocity-space ring-plasma instability, another generation mechanism for the BUM spectra, is studied using a theoretical model. The theoretical calculations show that the growth rate is larger in the region of the upper hybrid wave than that of the electron Bernstein wave. In addition, the effects of various plasma parameters are analyzed and it is predicted that the BUM should be more prominent with a hotter ring, at the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field, or in a closer region of cyclotron harmonic. A detailed comparison of the velocity space ring-plasma instability and the four-wave parametric process is presented where both the differences and the possible relations are discussed. / Ph. D.