Jean-Marc Fontaine a montré que la catégorie tannakienne des représentations cristallines du groupe de Galois d'un corps local K est équivalente à celle des Phi-modules filtrés sur K admissibles. De plus, la théorie de Fontaine-Laffaille, sous certaines restrictions, précise ceci à l'aide d'un foncteur V_cris qui induit une équivalence abélienne entre les réseaux fortement divisibles des Phi-modules filtrés admissibles et les réseaux galoisiens des représentations galoisiennes correspondantes. <br /><br />Le but de cette thèse est d'étudier plus en détail le foncteur V_cris. A cause des restrictions liées à la théorie de Fontaine-Laffaille, les catégories considérées pour les réseaux ne sont pas stables par produit tensoriel. Mais nous montrons que malgré ce problème, V_cris a de bonnes propriétés tannakiennes, qui conduisent à des applications intéressantes pour les représentations cristallines à valeurs dans les points sur Zp d'un groupe algébrique lisse sur Zp.<br /><br />Le point clé est la construction d'un foncteur, qui à un Phi-module filtré M (vérifiant les conditions de Fontaine-Laffaille) associe un (Phi,Gamma)-module dont la représentation galoisienne associée s'identifie fonctoriellement à V_cris(M), et qui préserve le produit tensoriel (sous certaines conditions). Ce foncteur a un lien très fort avec la théorie des modules de Wach, et c'est cela qui permet d'utiliser toute la force de l'équivalence de catégories entre les représentations galoisiennes sur Zp et les (Phi,Gamma)-modules.

This research takes an interdisciplinary approach and includes aspects of applied geography, applied management, political economy, development studies, sociology and anthropology, in line with the tradition of progressive tourism studies. It seeks to resolve academic concern about the limited insight within existing bodies of knowledge into how sustainability and sustainable tourism development are conceptualised at a grassroots level by inhabitants and other stakeholders of tourism destinations (Redclift, 1987; Liu, 2003; Swarbrooke, 1999; Mowforth and Munt, 1998; Maida, 2007) and furthermore how these conceptualisations are shaped through expressions of political economy in a post-crisis context. The research aimed to evaluate how political economy and interpretations of sustainability affected post-disaster tourism redevelopment using the case study of Phi Phi Island in Thailand, which was devastated by the tsunami of December 2004. An interpretive philosophy informed the research design, in which primary data was gathered using an inductive mixed methodology. Methods included online research, comprising the design and operation of a tailored website to overcome geographical and access limitations; and offline methods such as visual techniques to monitor change and confirm opinions offered by participants of the research; in-depth face-to-face interviews with hand-picked stakeholders of Phi Phi's development; open-ended questionnaires with tourists; and extended answer Thai script questionnaires in order to overcome language barriers and present the 'Thai voice'. The primary data was gathered from April 2006-December 2011 including a period working at [information removed for anonymity purposes] University in Phuket (June-December 2006). Twenty-five themes emerged from the data, the most significant being the social impacts of tourism, environmental impacts of tourism, power relationships and future desires. It was found that the factor with the greatest influence over Phi Phi's development is the desire to develop the economy through tourism, and the philosophy underpinning the development is largely economic. The tsunami did not cause any significant reassessment of the tourism development trajectory, but served to uncover a range of conflicts and unlawful activity, resulting from powerful stakeholders pursuing their own interests and desired outcomes, in order to suit their own needs rather than those of the community as a whole. In terms of how sustainability is conceptualised by different stakeholder groups, it was found that the meanings attributed to sustainability in this context differ greatly to meanings elaborated within western ideological debates. Stakeholders' conceptualisations of sustainability were mapped against key debates within literature. How meanings differed between stakeholder groups was also examined and a definition for sustainable tourism development on Phi Phi was compiled encompassing a broad range of interests. The thesis provides a rare opportunity to see which political, economic and cultural factors shape the planning of tourism development and whether actual practice mirrors the principles of sustainability. For islanders, present needs are yet to be met and education was recommended to increase islanders' understanding of impacts and sustainability, as well as their skills and knowledge base to enable them to compete intellectually with the ruling elite and reduce dependence upon landowners and the mainland. Numerous authors have highlighted a relative lack of academic attention directly addressing the influence of political economy on achieving sustainability in post-disaster reconstruction (Klein, 2008; Hystad and Keller, 2008; Olsen, 2000; Bommer, 1985; Beirman, 2003; Faulkner, 2001; Glaesser, 2003; Ritchie, 2004). This work therefore extends existing academic debates and studies in a number of areas. In existing academic debates concerning the political economy of post-disaster reconstruction there is a trend towards 'disaster capitalism' (Klein, 2005: 3) or 'smash and grab capitalism' (Harvey, 2007: 32) and 'attempts to accumulate by dispossession' (Saltman, 2007a: 57). However, this did not occur on Phi Phi. Despite claims of a 'clean slate' being offered by the tsunami in developmental terms (Pleumarom, 2004; UNDP, 2005; Dodds, 2011; Ko, 2005; Nwankwo and Richardson, 1994; Argenti, 1976; Rice, 2005; Altman, 2005; Brix, 2007; Ghobarah et al., 2006; Dodds et al., 2010), this research provides evidence and explanation of why this did not and would never exist on Phi Phi, a finding that may be applied to other destinations in a post-disaster context. In response to Blaikie et al.'s (2004) concerns that vulnerability is often reconstructed following a disaster and may create the conditions for a future disaster, this work has extended discussions of disaster vulnerability through an adapted application of Turner et al.'s (2003) Vulnerability Framework. This meets Calgaro and Lloyd's (2008) recommendation that further longitudinal research is required in other tsunami-affected locations. This research refines their work to identify a detailed framework of vulnerability factors intertwined with factors of political economy, presenting a post-disaster situation that remains highly vulnerable and non-conducive to sustainability. This is in response to Hystad and Keller's (2008) recognition that there is a lack of long-term studies, which not only show how disaster has shifted the nature of the destination and tourism product, but also identify successful strategic processes and actions in disaster response. The strategic response has been analysed through an adapted Strategic Disaster Management Framework (Ritchie, 2004) to identify the shortcomings of the disaster response to comprehend how such a disaster has influenced tourism development and planning on the island, showing that this was a mirror opposite to how a disaster should be handled according to the literature (Ritchie, 2004; Adger et al., 2005; Miller et al., 2006; Olsen, 2000; Coppola, 2007; Faulkner, 2001; Baldini et al., 2012). The researcher draws on the notion of 'strategic drift' (Johnson, 1998: 179) and 'boiled frog syndrome' (Richardson, Nwankwo and Richardson, 1994: 10) to explain how host attitudes to tourism may increase vulnerability. Both these contributions can assist in identifying destination vulnerability and limitations in disaster response and recovery. Unlike the work of Dodds (2010) and Dodds et al. (2011), the aim was not to assess the practice and attainment of sustainability on Phi Phi; rather, it was to elaborate interpretations and conceptualisations of sustainability. An examination of development philosophy established how specific factors of political economy and relationships of a hegemonic nature influence the development trajectory of both Phi Phi and Thailand. Despite governmental rhetoric influenced by a strong 'sufficiency economy' hegemony led by King Bhumibol Adulyadej, the observations of dependency theorists provide a better fit for the experiences on Phi Phi and present significant challenges for the pursuit of sustainability. The thesis posits that an effective response to the disaster and pursuit of sustainability are undermined by the political economy of the destination.

The Coastal Batholith of central Chile preserves structures that record the concentration, migration, transportation, and emplacement of magma during the progressive construction of a sheeted dike complex. This sheeted dike complex is divided into three main structural-geographic domains. The northwestern domain contains an abundance of deformed microgranitoid enclaves that host features that facilitated the concentration of melt during crystallization. The formation of interconnected dilational sites produced an array of lecocratic zones that may have formed larger dike networks that facilitated the transportation of melt-rich magma producing new magmatic units of similar mineralogy. The central domain is characterized by the presence of two tonalitic units that contain enclave swarms distinguished by their general packing arrangement and degree of elongation. Di erences in the fabric architecture of these enclave swarms are displayed by two separate three-dimensional fabric analyses using the Rf/ method, which indicates an abrupt transition from low-distortion oblate fabrics to more distorted prolate geometries. These changes are compared to the statistical alignment of feldspar phenocrysts that indicate general attening in both units with a higher degree of alignment within the XZ fabric plane for the younger tonalite. The third (southeastern) domain is distinguished by meter-scale, compositionally and texturally diverse sheeted dikes intercalated with biotite-rich migmatite screens of the host gneiss along the pluton margin. The need to process large quantities of fabric data from central Chile presented the opportunity to establish a comprehensive method for the quanti cation of three-dimensional rock fabrics following the Rf/ and Fry methods. In order to test the utility of this procedure, a three-dimensional synthetic model of known strain shape, magnitude, and orientation was processed. The results of this assessment indicate that the procedure accurately calculated the expected state of strain within a small margin of error. Finally, a natural example is presented to test the method's ability to quantify the fabrics of deformed rocks. This example is a \lineation much greater than foliation" (L>>S) metagranite augen gneiss from the Coastal Batholith of central Chile. This analysis resulted in calculated fabric ellipsoids from both the Rf/ and Fry methods that clearly display signi cantly prolate geometries at moderate distortions. The development of the three-dimensional rock fabric quanti cation procedure highlighted the need to teach analytical strain techniques in three-dimensions. To allow for this application, an interactive R script (FRY3D) was created speci cally to aid in the instruction and visualization of three-dimensional strain calculation at the advanced undergraduate and graduate levels. This tutorial was presented to a structural geology course of 20 students at the undergraduate level with a two part semi-quantitative concept assessment before and after the presentation. The results of this assessment indicate a positive increase in student's understanding of three-dimensional nite strain. Finally, a simple examination of analytical error associated with the Panozzo projection technique for strain analysis is presented and indicates relationships among population size, strain magnitude, and initial fabric. My results suggest that this method is most robust when applied to sections containing greater than approximately 125 lines. Moreover, the magnitude-dependent error indicates that the method may be better suited for rocks deformed at low to moderate strains. I recommend an adaption to the initial conditional assumptions for this method that lines exhibit an initial radial symmetry when recentered to a common point.

We present an intensive monitoring of high-resolution spectra of the Ca II K line in the A7IV shell star phi Leo at very short (minutes, hours), short (night to night), and medium (weeks, months) timescales. The spectra show remarkable variable absorptions on timescales of hours, days, and months. The characteristics of these sporadic events are very similar to most that are observed toward the debris disk host star beta Pic, which are commonly interpreted as signs of the evaporation of solid, comet-like bodies grazing or falling onto the star. Therefore, our results suggest the presence of solid bodies around phi Leo. To our knowledge, with the exception of beta Pic, our monitoring has the best time resolution at the mentioned timescales for a star with events attributed to exocomets. Assuming the cometary scenario and considering the timescales of our monitoring, our results indicate that phi Leo presents the richest environment with comet-like events known to date, second only to beta Pic.

For half a century, the central tenet of protein science has been grounded on the idea that the three-dimensional structure of a protein underlies its function. However, increasing evidence of natively unstructured but functional proteins is accumulating. Termed as intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), they populate a number of different conformations in isolation. Interestingly, as part of their function, some IDPs become fully or partly structured upon interaction with their binding partners. This process, known as coupled folding and binding raises the question what comes first - folding of the IDP or binding to its partner protein followed by folding. This thesis focuses on understanding the role of disorder in protein- protein interactions using biophysical characterization. Over-representation of IDPs in complex network and signalling pathways emphasizes the importance of disorder. Conformational flexibility in IDPs facilitates post-translational modifications, which provides a neat way to modulate the residual structure. This can alter affinity of IDPs to their partners and it is speculated that bound like structures of IDPs speed association. The impact of phosphorylation was explored in the KID/KIX system: phosphorylation modulates only the dissociation kinetics increasing the lifetime of the bound complex, which may be important in signalling processes. Further, phi-value analysis applied to investigate the mechanism of interaction reveals that non-native interactions play a key role in this reaction, before the IDP consolidates its final structure in the bound complex. Promiscuous interaction of IDPs with their partners often results in complexes with differing affinities. Members of BCL-2 family were explored, and the results indicate that IDPs bind to the same partner protein with marginal variation in the association rates, but significant differences in dissociation rates are observed. Thus, it seems that in such homologous but competing network of proteins, disorder facilitates complexes with differing affinities by modulating dissociation rate, again altering the lifetime of the bound complex. The work presented here demonstrates that disorder plays a role in altering complex lifetimes. Perhaps being disordered permits a level of plasticity to IDPs to adapt the rates at which they bind/unbind to many target proteins. This may be why disorder is conserved and abundant in proteins involved in intricate signalling networks.

A measurement of the azimuthal decorrelation in di-jet events in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}= 7\,$TeV is presented. Using $19.6\,$nb$^{-1}$ of data collected in the ATLAS detector this measurement uses the angle ($\Delta\phi$) in the transverse plane between the two leading $p_T$ jets to measure the normalized differential cross section $\frac{1}{\sigma_{tot}}\frac{d\sigma}{d(\Delta\phi)}$. An unfolding correction is a applied to give a jet-level result. The unfolded spectrum is compared to the predictions of two Monte Carlo event generators: Pythia and Herwig++.

A measurement of the azimuthal decorrelation in di-jet events in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}= 7\,$TeV is presented. Using $19.6\,$nb$^{-1}$ of data collected in the ATLAS detector this measurement uses the angle ($\Delta\phi$) in the transverse plane between the two leading $p_T$ jets to measure the normalized differential cross section $\frac{1}{\sigma_{tot}}\frac{d\sigma}{d(\Delta\phi)}$. An unfolding correction is a applied to give a jet-level result. The unfolded spectrum is compared to the predictions of two Monte Carlo event generators: Pythia and Herwig++.

Secret Sharing refers to a method through which a secret key K can be shared among a group of authorized participants, such that when they come together later, they can figure out the secret key K to decrypt the encrypted message. Any group which is not authorized cannot determine the secret key K. Some of the important secret schemes are Shamir Threshold Scheme, Monotone Circuit Scheme, and Brickell Vector Space Scheme. Brikell’s vector space secret sharing construction requires the existence of a function from a set of participant P in to vector space Zdp, where p is a prime number and d is a positive number. There is no known algorithm to construct such a function in general. We developed an efficient algorithm to construct function for some special secret sharing scheme. We also give an algorithm to demonstrate how a secret sharing scheme can be used in visual cryptography.

This thesis is a groundwork for a search for the C-violating φ → ωγ decay and the rare ω → l+l−π0 decay with the KLOE detector. A feasibility study of the detection acceptance for the ω → π+π−π0 and ω → l+l−π0 decays produced in the e+e− → ωγISR and e+e− → ωπ0 production channels. A study of the main background to the forbidden φ decay, the e+e− → ωγISR process, is performed using a data sample with an integrated luminosity of L = 1.6 fb−1 collected by the KLOE detector at center of mass energy √s = 1019 MeV. / Walter Andersson

Thesis (Ed. D.)--West Virginia University, 2004. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 88 p. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 70-77).