<p> Since the recognition of diabetes over 200 years ago, key fundamental breakthroughs have improved our understanding of the disease process and shaped the design of interventions for effective management. Unfortunately, the sky-rocketing increases in the number of persons with diabetes have slowed advances made in this field. Experts project that if current trends continue, one of every three U.S. adults will have diabetes by 2050. In the view of many researchers, the implications of this increase, along with a concomitant rise in diabetic complications, are profound. They indicate that this diabetic trend will result in increasing hospitalizations, disabilities and health care costs, as well as reduced quality of life and workforce productivity. </p><p> Understanding the triad of diabetes, hospitalization and work-productivity losses is therefore very important from a health policy perspective. To date, no study has examined the relationship between diabetes, the likelihood of hospitalization and the combined effect on labor force participation. Using a quantitative model and review of literature, this study 1) explores the impact of interventions designed to prevent and treat diabetes, 2) analyzes work-force productivity impacts, such as presenteeism and absenteeism, of diabetes-related acute events and 3) projects the growth of prevalence of diabetes in children 0-17 years. </p><p> The findings from this research are manifold: 1) For persons with diabetes, early enrolment in a chronic disease management intervention&mdash;before the development comorbidities that can aggravate the disease state&mdash;can delay the occurrence of any acute event necessitating hospitalization, emergency room visits and observations. 2) Diabetes results in significant productivity losses. In the cohort assessed, the productivity loss within a one-year period was about $2 million and approximately 20,000 lost workdays. Additional research is needed to elucidate the best approach to reduce presenteeism caused by diabetes. 3) By 2030 the number of children with diabetes will almost double the current children with diabetes population. Minority children will continue to bear a larger burden of the diabetes epidemic. The implications of this overall increase are enormous, especially with regard to more people having and managing diabetes for most of their lives.</p>

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2007. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-02, Section: A, page: 0704. Adviser: Darren H. Lubotsky. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 116-125) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.

<p> Discrimination against immigrants based on country of origin, gender, or race is known to contribute to wage inequality, lower morale, and decrease worker satisfaction. Healthcare leaders are just beginning to study the impact of gender and race on the wages of internationally educated nurses (IENs). Grounded in Becker's theory of discrimination, this cross-sectional study examined nursing wages for evidence of wage inequality among IENs working in the United States using secondary data collected in the 2008 quadrennial National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses. Ordinary least square regression coupled with the Blinder-Oaxaca wage decomposition was used to analyze the wages of 757 IENs working in the U.S. healthcare system. <i>T</i> tests with effect size were calculated to find the impact of gender, race, and country of education on wage. The study found that white male IENs earned higher wages than all other immigrant groups, followed by nonwhite males and nonwhite females (R² = .143; <i>F</i>(8,748) = 15.60; <i> p</i> =.000;). White female IENs earned the least, at 80%, 88%, and 91% of wages earned by white male, nonwhite male, and nonwhite female IENs, respectively (<i>p</i> &lt; <i>.005</i>). The relationship between hourly wage and being a white female was negative and statistically significant (<i>p</i> = .006) and white females earned 19.6% less per hour than white male IENs. Working in tertiary care contributed 21.60% of wages for white IENs and 10.30% of wages for nonwhite IENs. Inequality in nursing wages was related to an interaction between race and gender for wages of white female IENs but not in wages for nonwhite female IENs. Results of this study promote positive social change by motivating nursing departments to equalize wages and policymakers to strengthen equal pay statutes.</p>

Objetivos: Caracterizar os perfis dos trabalhadores que sofreram AT; descrever o volume de gastos por nível de atenção na Rede SUS e Rede Privada; analisar a distribuição de gastos em AT por níveis de atenção da realidade local. Metodologia: estudo retrospectivo, exploratório e descritivo de natureza quantitativa. Baseou-se em dados secundários de registros de notificações de AT e em atendimentos realizados em estabelecimentos públicos e privados, de janeiro a dezembro de 2014. O universo foi de 8.953 notificações de AT após aplicação de critérios de exclusão. Delimitou-se uma amostra de 509 trabalhadores classificados em 165 leves, 173 moderados e 172 graves. Para coleta de dados utilizou-se um instrumento especifico. As fontes de dados foram dois Sistemas de Informação Municipal, SIVAT e Olostech e base de dados DATASUS-SIH da Regional de Piracicaba; prontuários hospitalares, fichas de atendimento ambulatorial, Autorização de Internação hospitalar (AIH), folhas de faturamento da rede privada e planilhas de consolidação de gastos da rede de urgências e ambulatoriais da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde. O tratamento de dados foi realizado em Programa Excel e software SPSS 22. A análise de dados foi apoiada pela abordagem de intersetorialidade e do Sistema de proteção social. Resultados: 76,4% dos trabalhadores eram do sexo masculino e 23,6% mulheres. As principais ocupações envolvidas foram: ajudante geral, auxiliar de serviços gerais, operador de máquinas, atendente, auxiliar e técnico de enfermagem, motorista entre outras. Os ramos de atividade envolvidos com maior frequência foram: serviços (23,2%) metalurgia (22,6%), comércio (12,2%), indústria (10%) e construção civil (9,5%), sendo que 91,1% dos trabalhadores eram celetistas. Destes, 78,1% dos AT foram típicos, 20,5% no trajeto e 1,4% de doenças ocupacionais. Para a amostra, 573 atendimentos de urgência e emergência, 99 internações e 854 atendimentos ambulatoriais após alta hospitalar ou de retornos. O SUS foi responsável por 76,05% do total de atendimentos e a Rede Privada por 23,95. Os gastos, segundo amostra, distribuíram-se em: atendimentos de Urgência e Emergência - R$ 62.929,86, de internações R$ 426.078,02, e os ambulatoriais R$ 70.981,40, o que totalizou R$ 559.989,28. O SUS foi responsável por R$ 239.867,33 e a Rede Privada por R$ 320.121,95, a média de faturamento SUS foi de R$ 1.939,08 e a Rede Privada, R$ 10.300,11. Os AT graves somaram R$ 484.340,00, moderados R$ 48.889,43 e leves R$ 26.759,86. A estimativa total de gastos no Sistema de Saúde para 2014 foi de R$ 9.849.642,95. As internações e os AT graves são os de maior impacto financeiro. Conclusão: o SUS desempenha papel preponderante nos três níveis de atenção, porém o determinante de gastos decorreu do valor das internações. Os trabalhadores mais expostos foram os homens, ocupações com atividades manuais de ramos industriais e serviços. / Objectives: To characterize the profiles of the workers who suffered labor accidents; describe the amount spent by each level of attention in both Public and Private Health Services; analyze the expenditure distribution by attention levels in the local background. Methodology: prospective, explorative and descriptive study on the quantitative. It was based on secondary registration data of labor accident notifications in care taken at both public and private establishments, from January until December, 2014. The data spectrum was of 8,953 labor accident notifications, after criteria of exclusion took place. A limited sample of 509 workers classified in 165 light, 173 moderate and 172 severe accidents. For data collection, a specific instrument was used. The source of the data were two Municipal Information Systems, SIVAT and Olostech and DATASUS SIH of the Region of Piracicaba; hospital forms, outpatient data, Authorization for Hospital Admission (AIH), billing sheets of the private network and spreadsheet for consolidation of the expenditure on the urgency and outpatient networks of the Municipal Health Secretary. The treatment of the data was performed by Excel and SPSS 22 software. The data analysis was supported by the intersectorial analysis and social protection system: 76.4% of the workers were male and 23.6% female. The main occupations involved were: general supporter, general services supporter, machine operator, auxiliaries and nurse technicians. The area of activities most involved were: services (23.2%), metallurgy (22.6%), commerce (12.2%), industry (10%) and civil construction (9.5%), being 91.1 of the workers contracted under the Labor Consolidation regime. Among these, 78.1 % of the Labor Accidents were typical, 20.5% during the course between home and workplace and 1.4% occupational diseases.. For the sample, 573 urgent and emergency, 99 admissions and 854 outpatient care were taken, after hospital liberation or returns. The Public Health System (SUS) was responsible for 76.05% of the total care and the private network, for 23.95%. The expenditure was, according to the sample, distributed as follows: Urgent and Emergency care R$ 62,929.86; admissions - R$ 426,078.02 and outpatient care - R$ 70,981.40, surmounting to R$ 559,989.28. SUS was responsible for R$ 239,867.33 and the Private Network for R$ 320,121.95, the average income by SUS was R$ 1,939.08 and by the Private Network, R$ 10,300.11. The severe Labor Accidents summed R$ 484,340.00, moderate R$ 48,889.43 and light R$ 26,759.86. The total estimation of expenditure in the Health System for 2014 was of R$ 9,849,642.95. The admissions and severe Labor Accidents present the biggest financial impact. Conclusion: SUS plays a pivotal role in the three attention levels, but the determinant of the expenditure comes from the admission values. The most exposed workers were male, occupied with manual activities in both industrial and services sectors.

Objetivos: Caracterizar os perfis dos trabalhadores que sofreram AT; descrever o volume de gastos por nível de atenção na Rede SUS e Rede Privada; analisar a distribuição de gastos em AT por níveis de atenção da realidade local. Metodologia: estudo retrospectivo, exploratório e descritivo de natureza quantitativa. Baseou-se em dados secundários de registros de notificações de AT e em atendimentos realizados em estabelecimentos públicos e privados, de janeiro a dezembro de 2014. O universo foi de 8.953 notificações de AT após aplicação de critérios de exclusão. Delimitou-se uma amostra de 509 trabalhadores classificados em 165 leves, 173 moderados e 172 graves. Para coleta de dados utilizou-se um instrumento especifico. As fontes de dados foram dois Sistemas de Informação Municipal, SIVAT e Olostech e base de dados DATASUS-SIH da Regional de Piracicaba; prontuários hospitalares, fichas de atendimento ambulatorial, Autorização de Internação hospitalar (AIH), folhas de faturamento da rede privada e planilhas de consolidação de gastos da rede de urgências e ambulatoriais da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde. O tratamento de dados foi realizado em Programa Excel e software SPSS 22. A análise de dados foi apoiada pela abordagem de intersetorialidade e do Sistema de proteção social. Resultados: 76,4% dos trabalhadores eram do sexo masculino e 23,6% mulheres. As principais ocupações envolvidas foram: ajudante geral, auxiliar de serviços gerais, operador de máquinas, atendente, auxiliar e técnico de enfermagem, motorista entre outras. Os ramos de atividade envolvidos com maior frequência foram: serviços (23,2%) metalurgia (22,6%), comércio (12,2%), indústria (10%) e construção civil (9,5%), sendo que 91,1% dos trabalhadores eram celetistas. Destes, 78,1% dos AT foram típicos, 20,5% no trajeto e 1,4% de doenças ocupacionais. Para a amostra, 573 atendimentos de urgência e emergência, 99 internações e 854 atendimentos ambulatoriais após alta hospitalar ou de retornos. O SUS foi responsável por 76,05% do total de atendimentos e a Rede Privada por 23,95. Os gastos, segundo amostra, distribuíram-se em: atendimentos de Urgência e Emergência - R$ 62.929,86, de internações R$ 426.078,02, e os ambulatoriais R$ 70.981,40, o que totalizou R$ 559.989,28. O SUS foi responsável por R$ 239.867,33 e a Rede Privada por R$ 320.121,95, a média de faturamento SUS foi de R$ 1.939,08 e a Rede Privada, R$ 10.300,11. Os AT graves somaram R$ 484.340,00, moderados R$ 48.889,43 e leves R$ 26.759,86. A estimativa total de gastos no Sistema de Saúde para 2014 foi de R$ 9.849.642,95. As internações e os AT graves são os de maior impacto financeiro. Conclusão: o SUS desempenha papel preponderante nos três níveis de atenção, porém o determinante de gastos decorreu do valor das internações. Os trabalhadores mais expostos foram os homens, ocupações com atividades manuais de ramos industriais e serviços. / Objectives: To characterize the profiles of the workers who suffered labor accidents; describe the amount spent by each level of attention in both Public and Private Health Services; analyze the expenditure distribution by attention levels in the local background. Methodology: prospective, explorative and descriptive study on the quantitative. It was based on secondary registration data of labor accident notifications in care taken at both public and private establishments, from January until December, 2014. The data spectrum was of 8,953 labor accident notifications, after criteria of exclusion took place. A limited sample of 509 workers classified in 165 light, 173 moderate and 172 severe accidents. For data collection, a specific instrument was used. The source of the data were two Municipal Information Systems, SIVAT and Olostech and DATASUS SIH of the Region of Piracicaba; hospital forms, outpatient data, Authorization for Hospital Admission (AIH), billing sheets of the private network and spreadsheet for consolidation of the expenditure on the urgency and outpatient networks of the Municipal Health Secretary. The treatment of the data was performed by Excel and SPSS 22 software. The data analysis was supported by the intersectorial analysis and social protection system: 76.4% of the workers were male and 23.6% female. The main occupations involved were: general supporter, general services supporter, machine operator, auxiliaries and nurse technicians. The area of activities most involved were: services (23.2%), metallurgy (22.6%), commerce (12.2%), industry (10%) and civil construction (9.5%), being 91.1 of the workers contracted under the Labor Consolidation regime. Among these, 78.1 % of the Labor Accidents were typical, 20.5% during the course between home and workplace and 1.4% occupational diseases.. For the sample, 573 urgent and emergency, 99 admissions and 854 outpatient care were taken, after hospital liberation or returns. The Public Health System (SUS) was responsible for 76.05% of the total care and the private network, for 23.95%. The expenditure was, according to the sample, distributed as follows: Urgent and Emergency care R$ 62,929.86; admissions - R$ 426,078.02 and outpatient care - R$ 70,981.40, surmounting to R$ 559,989.28. SUS was responsible for R$ 239,867.33 and the Private Network for R$ 320,121.95, the average income by SUS was R$ 1,939.08 and by the Private Network, R$ 10,300.11. The severe Labor Accidents summed R$ 484,340.00, moderate R$ 48,889.43 and light R$ 26,759.86. The total estimation of expenditure in the Health System for 2014 was of R$ 9,849,642.95. The admissions and severe Labor Accidents present the biggest financial impact. Conclusion: SUS plays a pivotal role in the three attention levels, but the determinant of the expenditure comes from the admission values. The most exposed workers were male, occupied with manual activities in both industrial and services sectors.

A necessidade de compreender o trabalho e os processos de saúde-doença a ele relacionados, reverbera em toda instituição empregadora, seja ela pública ou privada. O trabalho constitui-se em um dos principais elementos na determinação social do processo saúde-doença, porém, o mundo do trabalho é dinâmico e suas configurações se modificam conforme os interesses do capital. Na atualidade, as inovações tecnológicas interferindo nos processos de trabalho e o novo modelo econômico, no qual predomina a pressão por tempo e o aumento da rentabilidade econômica, exigem trabalhadores cada vez mais polivalentes e multifuncionais, sintonizados com essa modalidade de trabalho intensificado. Esse contexto submete os trabalhadores do setor público e privado a diversos tipos de cargas de trabalho, especialmente cargas psíquicas que desencadeiam processos de desgaste mental no trabalho. A identificação das situações e fatores que afetam os trabalhadores psiquicamente é de difícil mensuração, o que não deve ser motivo para ignorar este importante aspecto do trabalho. Esta pesquisa está ancorada teoricamente no referencial da medicina social latino-americana e do campo da saúde do trabalhador. Foi desenvolvida no âmbito de um serviço de saúde ocupacional, com o objetivo geral de identificar as cargas o e o desgaste mental associado ao trabalho de servidores administrativos de uma universidade pública estadual, na percepção dos trabalhadores. Trata-se de um estudo de caso qualitativo, no qual utilizou-se a entrevista individual como instrumento de coleta de dados para conhecer o trabalho dos servidores administrativos e ao mesmo tempo testar instrumento para identificação de cargas de trabalho e desgaste mental no trabalho. A análise de dados revelou o trabalho na percepção dos trabalhadores a partir de quatro núcleos temáticos: a) o trabalho real na área administrativa, apresentando elementos da organização do trabalho; b) alegrias e tristezas do trabalho administrativo, no qual aparecem as ambiguidades do trabalho que ora desperta satisfação e bem estar e ora gera insatisfação; c) indicativos de cargas de trabalho, na qual são sintetizados os tipos de cargas mais frequentes na atividade administrativa da universidade; d) indicativos de proteção e de desgaste no trabalho. O estudo apresenta uma proposta de ação factível para ser utilizada no serviço de saúde ocupacional da instituição como forma de complementar e ou auxiliar as avaliações de saúde dos servidores públicos de modo a orientar ações preventivas e de promoção à saúde no trabalho. O instrumento traz como diferencial o enfoque qualitativo, o que possibilita ao trabalhador a manifestação livre da sua visão sobre o trabalho / The need to understand the work and the health-disease processes related to it, reverberates in any employer institution, no matter if it is public or private. The work is one of the main elements in the social determination of the health-disease process, but the world of work is dynamic and its configurations change according to the interests of capital. Nowadays, technological innovations interfere in the work processes and the new economic model, where pressure predominates and economic profitability increases, requiring increasingly multipurpose and multifunctional workers, attuned to this intensified work modality. This context remits public and private sector workers to various types of workloads, especially psychic loads that trigger processes of mental attrition at work. The identification of situations and factors that affect workers psychically is difficult to measure, which should not be a reason to ignore this important aspect of the work. This research is anchored theoretically in the reference of Latin American social medicine and the field of worker health. It was developed within the scope of an occupational health service, with the general objective of identifying the loads and the mental wear and tear associated with the work of administrative employees of a state public university, in the workers\' perception. This is a qualitative case study, in which the individual interview was used as a data collection tool to know the work of the administrative servers and at the same time to test the instrument to identify workloads and mental attrition at work. The data analysis revealed the work in the perception of the workers from four thematic core: a) real work in the administrative area, presenting elements of work organization; b) joys and sorrows of administrative work, in which appear the ambiguities of the work that now awakens satisfaction and well-being and now generates dissatisfaction; c) indicative of workloads, in which are synthesized the types of loads most frequent in the administrative activity of the university; d) indicative of protection and wear at work. The study presents a feasible action proposal to be used in the institution\'s occupational health service as a way of complementing or assisting health evaluations of public servants to guide preventive actions and promote health at work. The instrument brings as a differential the qualitative approach, which allows the worker the free manifestation of his vision about the work

Unknown questions remain concerning the health of migrant farm workers, seasonal farm workers, and other rural poor people. The objectives of this study were to determine the demographic profile of a sample from a Community and Migrant Health Center; to determine the prevalence of disease in migrant farm workers, seasonal farm workers and other clients; and to determine if differences existed in the prevalence of disease between the three occupational groups. Information from medical records for clients who visited an Oregon Community and Migrant Health Center during 1993 was abstracted to determine whether differences existed in demographic characteristics and in health status between migrant farm workers, seasonal farm workers, and other clients. A random sample of 600 medical charts was selected from the three occupational groups stratified by sex. The sample included adults and children classified as migrant or seasonal farm workers and other clients. Data abstracted from charts included socio-demographic information, physiologic measurements, biochemical testing results, and disease prevalence. Clients in this sample represented Latino (85.17%), Russian (4.8%), and Anglo (10%) cultures. Female clients who were not migrant or seasonal farm workers had a mean age of 27.42 years which was significantly different from the mean age of female migrant farm workers of 18.95 years, and of female seasonal farm workers of 20.35 years. Females who were not migrant or seasonal farm workers had significantly higher mean body mass indexes, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Female children classified as migrant farm worker had significantly higher blood lead levels than female children whose parents were not migrant or seasonal farm workers. Glucose levels for migrant farm workers was significantly higher than either of the other two occupational groups. Findings of the study indicated that common diagnoses included upper respiratory infection, otitis media, intestinal parasites or pathogens, dermatitis, and urinary tract infection. The most commonly reported injuries were due to lacerations and motor vehicle accidents. Additionally, 31.57% of PAP tests were abnormal, and violence against girls and women was reported. Diagnoses of chronic diseases included diabetes, hypertension, AIDS, cancer, and heart disease. / Graduation date: 1996

A necessidade de compreender o trabalho e os processos de saúde-doença a ele relacionados, reverbera em toda instituição empregadora, seja ela pública ou privada. O trabalho constitui-se em um dos principais elementos na determinação social do processo saúde-doença, porém, o mundo do trabalho é dinâmico e suas configurações se modificam conforme os interesses do capital. Na atualidade, as inovações tecnológicas interferindo nos processos de trabalho e o novo modelo econômico, no qual predomina a pressão por tempo e o aumento da rentabilidade econômica, exigem trabalhadores cada vez mais polivalentes e multifuncionais, sintonizados com essa modalidade de trabalho intensificado. Esse contexto submete os trabalhadores do setor público e privado a diversos tipos de cargas de trabalho, especialmente cargas psíquicas que desencadeiam processos de desgaste mental no trabalho. A identificação das situações e fatores que afetam os trabalhadores psiquicamente é de difícil mensuração, o que não deve ser motivo para ignorar este importante aspecto do trabalho. Esta pesquisa está ancorada teoricamente no referencial da medicina social latino-americana e do campo da saúde do trabalhador. Foi desenvolvida no âmbito de um serviço de saúde ocupacional, com o objetivo geral de identificar as cargas o e o desgaste mental associado ao trabalho de servidores administrativos de uma universidade pública estadual, na percepção dos trabalhadores. Trata-se de um estudo de caso qualitativo, no qual utilizou-se a entrevista individual como instrumento de coleta de dados para conhecer o trabalho dos servidores administrativos e ao mesmo tempo testar instrumento para identificação de cargas de trabalho e desgaste mental no trabalho. A análise de dados revelou o trabalho na percepção dos trabalhadores a partir de quatro núcleos temáticos: a) o trabalho real na área administrativa, apresentando elementos da organização do trabalho; b) alegrias e tristezas do trabalho administrativo, no qual aparecem as ambiguidades do trabalho que ora desperta satisfação e bem estar e ora gera insatisfação; c) indicativos de cargas de trabalho, na qual são sintetizados os tipos de cargas mais frequentes na atividade administrativa da universidade; d) indicativos de proteção e de desgaste no trabalho. O estudo apresenta uma proposta de ação factível para ser utilizada no serviço de saúde ocupacional da instituição como forma de complementar e ou auxiliar as avaliações de saúde dos servidores públicos de modo a orientar ações preventivas e de promoção à saúde no trabalho. O instrumento traz como diferencial o enfoque qualitativo, o que possibilita ao trabalhador a manifestação livre da sua visão sobre o trabalho / The need to understand the work and the health-disease processes related to it, reverberates in any employer institution, no matter if it is public or private. The work is one of the main elements in the social determination of the health-disease process, but the world of work is dynamic and its configurations change according to the interests of capital. Nowadays, technological innovations interfere in the work processes and the new economic model, where pressure predominates and economic profitability increases, requiring increasingly multipurpose and multifunctional workers, attuned to this intensified work modality. This context remits public and private sector workers to various types of workloads, especially psychic loads that trigger processes of mental attrition at work. The identification of situations and factors that affect workers psychically is difficult to measure, which should not be a reason to ignore this important aspect of the work. This research is anchored theoretically in the reference of Latin American social medicine and the field of worker health. It was developed within the scope of an occupational health service, with the general objective of identifying the loads and the mental wear and tear associated with the work of administrative employees of a state public university, in the workers\' perception. This is a qualitative case study, in which the individual interview was used as a data collection tool to know the work of the administrative servers and at the same time to test the instrument to identify workloads and mental attrition at work. The data analysis revealed the work in the perception of the workers from four thematic core: a) real work in the administrative area, presenting elements of work organization; b) joys and sorrows of administrative work, in which appear the ambiguities of the work that now awakens satisfaction and well-being and now generates dissatisfaction; c) indicative of workloads, in which are synthesized the types of loads most frequent in the administrative activity of the university; d) indicative of protection and wear at work. The study presents a feasible action proposal to be used in the institution\'s occupational health service as a way of complementing or assisting health evaluations of public servants to guide preventive actions and promote health at work. The instrument brings as a differential the qualitative approach, which allows the worker the free manifestation of his vision about the work

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:10:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Educacao_Kamylla.pdf: 762670 bytes, checksum: d08ac239cf6ddd3e1b98d9a22037a815 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-09 / This study is part of line of research Education, Labor and Social Movements in the Graduate Program in Education at the Federal University of Goiás and aims to research the health of workers in education, in order to investigate how is the relationship between teaching and teacher health, in the current climate of insecurity and alienation from work. Health is understood here as a historical and social construction, fraught with the contradictions between capital and labor. The field research was conducted in two public institutions in the city of Jaragua-Go, a network of state and other municipal and articulated the empirical data collection through questionnaires, semi-structured interview, daily observation and analysis of the institutions documents. These data were analyzed in light of the principles of dialectical historical materialism, based primarily on Marx, Mészáros, Mascarenhas, A., Frigotto, Saviani and Paro, seeking to articulate the research object and determining its multiple historical, political, economic, social and cultural . By analyzing these data according to the theoretical frameworks adopted understand that overcoming the existing limits that teachers can raise better working conditions, thus contributing to improving their health depends on establishing a political identity, able to uncover the processes disposal of the capitalist mode of production, based on the understanding that the work is very founding of the humanization of individuals. / Este estudo está vinculado à linha de pesquisa Educação, Trabalho e Movimentos Sociais do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Goiás. E tem como objeto de pesquisa a saúde dos trabalhadores da educação, visando investigar como se dá a relação entre o trabalho docente e a saúde dos professores, na atual conjuntura da precarização e alienação do trabalho. A Saúde é aqui compreendida como uma construção histórica e social, permeada pelas contradições entre capital e trabalho. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada em duas instituições públicas da cidade de Jaraguá-Go, uma da rede estadual e outra da rede municipal e articulou o levantamento de dados empíricos por meio de questionários, entrevista semi-estruturada, observações do cotidiano das instituições e análise de documentos. Esses dados foram analisados a luz dos princípios do Materialismo Histórico Dialético, fundamentados principalmente em Marx, Mészáros, Mascarenhas, A., Frigotto, Saviani e Paro, buscando articular o objeto de pesquisa e seus múltiplos determinantes históricos, políticos, econômicos, sociais e culturais. Ao analisar estes dados de acordo com os referencias teóricos adotados entendemos que a superação dos limites existentes para que os docentes possam angariar melhores condições de trabalho, contribuindo assim para melhora de sua saúde, passa pela constituição de uma identidade política, capaz de desvendar os processos de alienação do modo de produção capitalista, partindo da compreensão de que o trabalho é fundante da própria humanização dos indivíduos.

In 2008, there were more than 5,200 workplace fatalities in the United States (BLS, 2010b). During the same time period, U.S. employees missed almost 1.1 million days from work (BLS, 2010c). Accidents are unexpected outcomes that result not only from individuals' behaviors, but from contextual factors (Krause, 1997; Reason, 1990). Therefore, unsafe behaviors have to be interpreted according to a combination of what is occurring in the environment and what the individual is doing in that environment. The present study sought to create a more comprehensive model of safety by means of macroergonomics. Macroergonomics utilizes sociotechnical systems theory to posit that a work system is composed of a personnel subsystem (i.e., ways individuals perform tasks), a technological subsystem (i.e., tasks to be performed), and external factors (Hendrick, 2002a). Perceived control over work hours, an aspect of the technological subsystem, was examined as an antecedent of work-family conflict. Supervisor instrumental support, an aspect of the personnel subsystem, was examined as a moderator of the relationships between perceived control over work hours and work-family conflict. Supervisors have an imperative role in employees' perception of control over their work hours (Kelly & Moen, 2007). Supervisor instrumental support was also hypothesized to moderate the relationships between work-family conflict and safety performance. Supervisors who support their employees in their work-family matters exceed mandatory requirements set forth to protect workers' safety and health (Mearns, Hope, Ford, & Tetrick, 2010). A majority of the 360 participants in the present study were grocery store employees who worked in the front end of the store as cashiers. Job tenure in this particular grocery store chain was an average of 7 years (SD = 5.96) and the average number of hours worked per week was 31 (SD = 8.55). The employees were an average age of 38 years old (SD = 15.25). Two hundred and sixty-two (73%) of the participants were female, 330 (92%) were White, 196 (55%) employees were married or living as married, 146 (41%) employees identified themselves as parents with children living at home, and 58 (16%) employees provided elder care. The data were analyzed using a moderated mediation model. An employee's perceived control over his/her work hours was negatively associated with work-to-family and family-to-work conflict. Work-to-family conflict was not significantly associated with either safety compliance or participation. In contrast, family-to-work conflict was significantly associated with both safety compliance and participation. These findings replicate Cullen and Hammer's (2007) findings that family-to-work conflict, but not work-to-family conflict, is negatively associated with safety compliance and participation. The replication of these significant findings gives support to macroergonomics' assertion that external forces (i.e., family) can affect the safety of employees. All of the meditating and moderating relationships proposed in this dissertation were not significant. I conducted post hoc analyses to determine other possible significant paths in the model examined. The FSSB dimension of supervisor instrumental support was found to positively affect both safety compliance and participation. Supervisor instrumental support was also found to directly affect work-to-family conflict. Overall FSSB and its subdimensions demonstrated similar patterns in the hypothesized relationships and in additional relationships examined. Numerous implications can be recognized from this dissertation. First, interdisciplinary approaches to safety research are emerging and important in the pursuit of safer work environments. Macroergonomics and I/O psychology have commonalities that lend themselves to a good partnership where researchers can learn from each other and collaborate to advance the study of safety. Second, organizations need to focus on the stressors their employees experience as part of their safety programs, and numerous studies, including this dissertation, have found that family-to-work conflict impacts safety compliance and participation. Future safety research may incorporate macroergonomics, which emphasizes that focusing on one adverse aspect of the system may not be enough to create valuable change if there are other adverse factors still creating demands elsewhere in the system. This will allow for a more comprehensive model that ensures certain aspects of the system are not neglected, which can reduce effectiveness of constructs used to create positive changes.