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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Aplicação de nanopartículas de sílica mesoporosa na detecção de Neisseria meningitidis e estudo de sua interação com DNA / Application of mesoporous silica nanoparticles for the detection of Neisseria meningitidis and study its interaction with DNA

Esteves, Cibele Zanardi, 1985- 25 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Marcelo Lancellotti / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T02:03:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Esteves_CibeleZanardi_M.pdf: 1299023 bytes, checksum: 2283eee394500580d71ec2ba77e1856f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Neisseria meningitidis, bactéria aeróbica Gram negativa, causa infecções meningocócicas que podem resultar em doenças severas incluindo meningite meningocócica, sepsis e morte. Uma vez que a administração precoce de antibióticos está relacionada às baixas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade, é de crucial importância iniciar o tratamento o mais rápido possível. A administração de antibióticos aos pacientes com suspeita de infecções meningocócicas antes da coleta de material biológico tem sido uma prática comum que pode prejudicar o diagnóstico microbiológico por cultura bacteriana. A abordagem nos últimos anos tem sido o desenvolvimento de técnicas alternativas que possam ser utilizadas para se obter o diagnóstico etiológico. Técnicas de biologia molecular, como a Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR) tem sido desenvolvidas para melhorar a sensibilidade e especificidade da detecção de microorganismo e aliadas a Nanotecnologia podem ser úteis para desenvolvimento de métodos alternativos de diagnóstico. Foi padronizada PCR para N. meningitidis ATCC 23247 Sorogrupo B com a utilização de primers do gene synD, através de gradiente de MgCl2. Também foi determinado o Limite de Detecção (LD) de DNA da PCR. Então a reação foi adjuvada com nanopartículas de sílica mesoposa SAB-15 e SBA-16. Não houve aumento do LD de DNA nas concentrações de nanopartículas testadas. Também foi realizado estudo entre a interação do DNA e SBA-15 e SBA-16 através de Gel Retardo e Dicroísmo Circular. Resultados sugerem interação fraca entre DNA e estas nanopartículas. Desta forma conclui-se que nanopartículas SBA-15 e SBA-16 não possuem interação com DNA a ponto de melhorar seu LD, não sendo úteis, nas concentrações testadas, para o desenvolvimento de métodos diagnósticos mais sensíveis / Abstract: Neisseria meningitidis , Gram-negative aerobic bacteria , which cause meningococcal disease can result in severe diseases including meningococcal meningitis , sepsis and death. Since the early administration of antibiotics is related to lower rates of morbidity and mortality, it is crucial to start treatment as soon as possible . The administration of antibiotics to patients with suspected meningococcal disease before the collection of biological material has been a common practice that can harm the microbiological diagnosis of bacterial culture . The approach in recent years has been the development of alternative techniques that might be used to obtain the etiologic diagnosis. Molecular biology techniques such as the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR ) has been developed to improve the sensitivity and specificity of detection of a microorganism and allied Nanotechnology may be useful for development of alternative methods of diagnosis. PCR was standardized for N. ATCC 23247 meningitidis Serogroup B using primers gene SynD, through MgCl2 gradient . Also determined was the limit of detection (LD) of PCR DNA . Then the reaction was adjuvanted with silica nanoparticles mesoposa SAB- 15 and SBA - 16 . There was no increase in LD DNA concentrations of nanoparticles tested. Also it was studied the interaction between DNA and SBA - 15 and SBA - 16 by Gel Retardation and Circular Dichroism . Results suggest weak interaction between DNA and these nanoparticles . Thus it is concluded that nanoparticles SBA-15 and SBA-16 does not have interaction with DNA improve their point of LD and is not useful in concentrations, for the development of more sensitive diagnostic methods / Mestrado / Fármacos, Medicamentos e Insumos para Saúde / Mestra em Biociências e Tecnologia de Produtos Bioativos
12

An exploratory study of factors affecting the availability of laboratory consumables at state-owned medical laboratories in Harare Province, Zimbabwe

Katungire, Tsitsi January 2011 (has links)
Magister Public Health - MPH / The Zimbabwean government recognizes the critical role laboratories play in ensuring the health of the nation. Well-resourced and functioning laboratories are the sine qua non of effective diagnosis, treatment and clinical monitoring of medical problems such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. In Zimbabwe, frequent unavailability of essential laboratory reagents and consumables have been reported but less well-reported are the factors associated with these "stockouts" at medical laboratories. Applying qualitative research methodologies, this study sought to explore the bottlenecks to the availability of laboratory consumables at state-owned medical laboratories in Harare Province. Semi-structured interviews were used to elicit stakeholders' perspectives and experiences with regard to the availability of laboratory consumables. These were complemented by observation of procurement, supply and distribution processes and individual follow-up interviews in 7 facilities where medical laboratory scientists were purposively selected. Rigour was ensured through data-source triangulation, provision of thick descriptions of the setting, maintaining an audit trail and transcribing data verbatim. Data analysis identified recurring themes and key suggestions made by respondents. A complex web of economic, human resources and supply chain factors affect laboratory commodity availability in Harare. Salient factors negatively affecting commodity availability included inadequate funding, human resources, poor communication and coordination among stakeholders, lack of transport, long lead times and limited inventory management skills. A comprehensive approach to resolving the challenge is warranted through advocating for more funding, complementing donor efforts on staff retention, improved coordination and collaboration among stakeholders and re-designing the laboratory supply chain. Further research would assist in determining ways of efficiently utilizing the limited available resources.
13

Carbamylated albumin is one of the target antigens of anti-carbamylated protein antibodies / カルバミル化アルブミンは、抗カルバミル化タンパク抗体の対応抗原の1つである

Nakabo, Shuichiro 24 July 2017 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第20611号 / 医博第4260号 / 新制||医||1023(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 椛島 健治, 教授 竹内 理, 教授 生田 宏一 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
14

Concurrent Psuedothrombocytopenia and Immune Thrombocytopenia

Holt, Hannah D., Holt, Matthew F., Means, Robert T. 23 April 2022 (has links)
Psuedothrombocytopenia, the presence of platelet clumping on the peripheral blood film, is usually considered to rule out the diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) or other causes of increased platelet destruction and to be a laboratory artifact of no clinical significance. We report a case of concurrent psuedothrombocytopenia and ITP. While the examination of the peripheral blood film remains a critical element of the diagnostic approach to thrombocytopenia, this case emphasizes the importance of confirming the relevance of morphologic findings by additional testing.
15

A Multi-Country, Single-Blinded, Phase 2 Study to Evaluate a Point-of-Need System for Rapid Detection of Leishmaniasis and Its Implementation in Endemic Settings

Ghosh, Prakash, Sharma, Abhijit, Bhattarai, Narayan Raj, Abhishek, Kumar, Nisansala, Thilini, Kumar, Amresh, Böhlken-Fascher, Susanne, Chowdhury, Rajashree, Khan, Md Anik Ashfaq, Faisal, Khaledul, Hossain, Faria, Uddin, Md. Rasel, Rashid, Md. Utba, Maruf, Shomik, Rai, Keshav, Sooriyaarachchi, Monica, Abhayarathna, Withanage Lakma Kumari, Karki, Prahlad, Kumar, Shiril, Ranasinghe, Shalindra, Khanal, Basudha, Routray, Satyabrata, Das, Pradeep, Mondal, Dinesh, Wahed, Ahmed Abd El 05 May 2023 (has links)
With the advancement of isothermal nucleic acid amplification techniques, detection of the pathogenic DNA in clinical samples at point-of-need is no longer a dream. The newly developed recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay incorporated in a suitcase laboratory has shown promising diagnostic efficacy over real-time PCR in detection of leishmania DNA from clinical samples. For broader application of this point-of-need system, we undertook a current multi-country diagnostic evaluation study towards establishing this technique in different endemic settings which would be beneficial for the ongoing elimination programs for leishmaniasis. For this study purpose, clinical samples from confirmed visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) patients were subjected to both real-time PCR and RPA assay in Bangladesh, India, and Nepal. Further skin samples from confirmed cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) patients were also included from Sri Lanka. A total of 450 clinical samples from VL patients, 429 from PKDL patients, 47 from CL patients, and 322 from endemic healthy/healthy controls were under investigation to determine the diagnostic efficacy of RPA assay in comparison to real-time PCR. A comparative sensitivity of both methods was found where real-time PCR and RPA assay showed 96.86% (95% CI: 94.45–98.42) and 88.85% (95% CI: 85.08–91.96) sensitivity respectively in the diagnosis of VL cases. This new isothermal method also exhibited promising diagnostic sensitivity (93.50%) for PKDL cases, when a skin sample was used. Due to variation in the sequence of target amplicons, RPA assay showed comparatively lower sensitivity (55.32%) than that of real-time PCR in Sri Lanka for the diagnosis of CL cases. Except for India, the assay presented absolute specificity in the rest of the sites. Excellent concordance between the two molecular methods towards detection of leishmania DNA in clinical samples substantiates the application of RPA assay incorporated in a suitcase laboratory for point-of-need diagnosis of VL and PKDL in low resource endemic settings. However, further improvisation of the method is necessary for diagnosis of CL.
16

Ensaios Imunoenzimáticos aplicados para a redução de ligações inespecíficas e de imunocomplexos na Leishmaniose Visceral Canina.

Teixeira, Verissa Martins 01 October 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:29:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VERISSA MARTINS TEIXEIRA.pdf: 734398 bytes, checksum: ba115878ec5516b813d6bc6eedc4c03d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-01 / Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL), a widespread disease, becomes relevant for its high incidence and lethality in different countries around the world. Brazil follows the global trend, reaching 21 federate units. In the state of the Tocantins the illness indices are high, especially in the city of Araguaína, among the most prevalent of the country. The VL behaves as typical zoonose, the sandflies as vector and the dog as the main reservoir. In the urban area these canids are considered the main infection source due to the high skin parasitism and the man proximity. The canine epidemic is still important for it generally comes from the human epidemic. The diagnosis of the human and canine infection is mainly based on serological methods, in which the Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) stands out. Due to the illness endemic character, the more effective diagnostic methods became primordially available. Aiming to provide safer results free of interferences, as unspecified and immune complex reactions, frequently observed in the immune diagnostic of the human and canine VL, accomplished in this research, variations of the ELISA in serum samples from 140 dogs from the Tocantins endemic region. Verifying if there are unspecified reactions in the ELISA tests urea was added to the samples as diluents. The reduction of the optic densities was observed in the tested samples, presuming that it was break in the weak links or of low antibodies. Glicine and Tris were added to evaluate the interference of the immune complexes in the ELISA test to evaluate the interference with the pH shock, proving that there was an increase of the absorbing rate. These results suggest that method is effective to eliminate the complex antibodies, which had been blocked by circulating antigens. It is believed that the results acquired in this work are relevant in the perspective of the constant search for the diagnostic improvement of infectious and parasitic illnesses. / A leishmaniose visceral (LV), enfermidade de ampla distribuição, torna-se relevante pela alta incidência e letalidade relatadas em diferentes países do mundo. O Brasil acompanha a tendência global, com 21 unidades federadas atingidas. No estado do Tocantins são altos os índices da doença, especialmente na cidade de Araguaína, encontrada entre as mais prevalentes do país. A LV comporta-se como uma típica zoonose, tendo um flebótomo como vetor e o cão como o principal reservatório. Na área urbana esses canídeos são considerados a principal fonte de infecção devido ao alto parasitismo cutâneo e à proximidade ao homem. A epidemia canina é ainda importante por geralmente preceder a epidemia humana. O diagnóstico da infecção humana e canina baseia-se principalmente em métodos sorológicos, entre eles se destaca o Ensaio Imunoenzimático (ELISA). Devido ao caráter endêmico da doença, torna-se primordial que métodos diagnósticos mais efetivos sejam disponibilizados. Com o objetivo de fornecer resultados mais seguros e livres de interferentes, como reações inespecíficas e imunocomplexos, frequentemente observados no imunodiagnóstico da LV humana e canina, realizou-se através deste trabalho, variações de Ensaio Imunoenzimático em amostras de soro de 140 cães procedentes de região endêmica do estado do Tocantins. Para verificar se havia reações inespecíficas em testes ELISA adicionou-se ureia como diluente das amostras. Observou-se a diminuição das densidades ópticas das amostras testadas, presumindo que houve a quebra de ligações fracas ou de anticorpos de baixa avidez. Para avaliar a interferência de imunocomplexos no ensaio ELISA foram adicionados Glicina e Tris, com choque de pH, constatando-se que houve aumento do título das absorbâncias. Estes resultados sugerem que o método é efetivo para eliminar os anticorpos complexados, antes bloqueados por antígenos circulantes. Acredita-se que os resultados obtidos através deste trabalho sejam relevantes na perspectiva da busca constante pelo aprimoramento diagnóstico de doenças infecciosas e parasitárias.
17

Epidemiology, detection and prevention of respiratory virus infections in Swedish cattle : with special reference to bovine respiratory syncytial virus /

Hägglund, Sara, January 2005 (has links) (PDF)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2005. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
18

Estudos de soroprevalência de toxoplasmose em gestantes atendidas na rede Municipal de Saúde de Vitória, ES

Areal, Kelly Rose 07 May 2007 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T13:56:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_kelly_pdf.pdf: 1882941 bytes, checksum: dbb7b527acb39029842a16c46fd45c74 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-05-07 / Introduction: Toxoplasmosis is prevalent in Brazil. The infection during pregnancy can affect the fetus and cause sequelae in the child. Objectives: To determine seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women attending primary health cares in Vitória Municipality and evaluate correlate factors for the infection. Methods: A cross-sectional study, performed from January to December 2006, in 1153 pregnant women attending antenatal care in public clinics from the six health areas. A face-to-face interview with sócio-demographic, behaviors and clinics was performed; and serology for IgG, IgM and avidity of IgG by quimiluminescence (Diasorin) and eletroquimioluminescence (Biolab-Merrieux). Results: Prevalence of toxoplasmosis was 73.5% (CI 95% 70.95%-76.05%) and 1.3% (CI 95% 0.65%-1.95%) of acute infection. Considering avidity of IgG, prevalence of acute infection was 1.1% (CI 95% 0.5%-1.7%). A total of 26.5% (CI 95% 23.9%-29.0%) pregnant women were susceptive to toxoplasmosis and 72.2% (CI 95% 69.6%-74.8%) immunes. IgG antibodies were independent associated to buying meat in free markets [1.78 (CI 95% 1.02-3.13), and IgM antibodies during pregnancy were associated to lower education (up to four years) [5.30 (CI95% 1.67-16.83)]. Conclusions: These results corroborate the importance of earlier antenatal care and the inclusion of avidity test in toxoplasmosis diagnosis. It is requested a better sanitary control concerning the commerce of meat without registration. / Introdução: A toxoplasmose é de alta prevalência no Brasil. A infecção durante a gravidez pode resultar em doença fetal com graves seqüelas para a criança. Objetivo: Determinar a soroprevalência de toxoplasmose em gestantes atendidas nas Unidades de Saúde do Município de Vitória e avaliar fatores correlatos com a infecção. Métodos: Estudo de corte transversal, realizado de janeiro a dezembro de 2006, em 1153 gestantes atendidas nas Unidades de Saúde das seis regiões de saúde. Entrevista face-a-face contendo dados sócio-demográficos, epidemiológicos e clínicos foi realizada e sorologias para pesquisa de IgG, IgM e avidez de IgG pelo método de quimiluminescência (Diasorin) e eletroquimioluminescência (Biolab-Merrieux). Resultados: A prevalência da infecção foi de 73,5% (IC 95% 70,95%-6,05%) para IgG e 1,3% (IC 95% 0,65%-1,95%) para IgM. Quando se considerou a avidez de IgG, a prevalência de infecção aguda foi de 1,1% (IC 95% 0,5%-1,7%). Um total de 26,5% (IC 95% 23,9%-29,0%) gestante era susceptível à toxoplasmose e 72,2% (IC 95% 69,6%-74,8%) imunes. A presença de anticorpos IgG esteve independentemente associada à aquisição de carne em feiras livres [1,78 (IC95% 1,02-3,13). Já a presença de anticorpos IgM durante a gravidez apresentou associação com uma menor escolaridade (até quatro anos de estudo) [5,30 (IC95% 1,67-16,83)]. Conclusão: Estes resultados corroboram a importância da adesão precoce ao pré-natal com a inclusão do ensaio de avidez de IgG no diagnóstico da toxoplasmose. É necessário haver um maior rigor nas exigências sanitárias, no que diz respeito ao comércio de carnes sem registro.
19

Avaliação custo-efetividade da utilização de um teste rápido como método alternativo no fluxograma para a detecção de anticorpos anti-HIV

Borges, Cristina Betim 27 March 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T13:56:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao em pdf.pdf: 3843489 bytes, checksum: cf2e697dbd0b8d0de2ae9be8b74192c6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-27 / Even with the advances that have allowed a better understanding of pathogenesis, epidemiology and prevention of infection, approximately 33.2 million people worldwide are suffering from HIV / AIDS. The HIV / AIDS is considered a pandemic, causing a major demographic impact due to the devastating infection among young adults. According to the Organization of the United Nations fighting AIDS (UNAIDS), despite a reduction in the overall number of new infections, this index is still very high, and the sexually transmission still the more frequent form of HIV infection. In order to interrupt transmission efficiently an accurate and fast diagnosis is pivotal. The great majority of diagnostic methods for HIV are based in the detection of antibodies specific to different proteins of the virus or the detection of its genetic material. Therefore delay in obtaining accurate results affects negatively prevention and treatment strategies. In the present study, we examined the effectiveness and cost of a rapid test (Rapid Check) as an alternative method in the serological diagnosis workflow for HIV infection. Three hundred and eight serum samples sent to LACEN-ES between October 2006 and May 2007 were analyzed. Both the Rapid Check and the prototype Tri-line depicted a high degree of concordance (98.97%) compared to other tests used for diagnosis of HIV infection at the LACEN-ES. In parallel, from 16 samples with results considered as "inconclusive" by the normal workflow due to absence or low reactivity of anti-gp41, only 3 out of these 16 were still considered inconclusive after using the Rapid Check. In addition to its efficiency, when cost were considered, rapid tests had the lowest cost/test, and required the shortest time to provide a final result (less than 15 minutes) not requiring additional equipment, accessories or specific infrastructure. Therefore, we believe that rapid tests with performance equal to or greater than the Rapid Check could be used as an alternative method at the Immunofluorescence, thus promoting a reduction in the cost and time of release of results. / Mesmo com os avanços que permitiram uma melhor compreensão da patogênese, epidemiologia e prevenção da infecção, cerca de 33,2 milhões de pessoas no mundo são portadoras de HIV/AIDS. A infecção pelo HIV/AIDS é considerada uma pandemia, causando um importante impacto demográfico, devido à infecção devastadora de adultos jovens. Segundo Organização das Nações Unidas para combate a AIDS (UNAIDS) apesar de uma redução no número global de novas infecções, este índice ainda é muito elevado, sendo a transmissão sexual a forma de contágio mais freqüente. Para que a cadeia de transmissão seja interrompida eficientemente é necessário que o diagnóstico dos casos seja preciso e rápido. Os métodos de diagnóstico para o HIV se baseiam, em sua maioria, na detecção de anticorpos específicos para as diferentes proteínas do vírus ou na detecção de seu material genético. Portanto o atraso na obtenção dos resultados afeta negativamente os programas de prevenção e tratamento. Neste estudo, foram analisados a efetividade e o custo da utilização de um teste rápido (Rapid Check) como método alternativo no fluxograma de diagnóstico sorológico da infecção pelo HIV. Para isso, foram analisadas 308 amostras de soro encaminhadas para o LACEN-ES entre outubro de 2006 e maio de 2007. Tanto o Rapid Check quanto o protótipo Tri-line apresentaram alto grau de concordância (98,97%) quando comparados a outros testes utilizados para o diagnóstico da infecção pelo HIV no LACEN-ES. Paralelamente, das 16 amostras com resultados considerados como inconclusivos pelo fluxograma normal, devido a ausência ou baixa reatividade de anticorpos anti-gp41, apenas em 3 delas o Rapid Check foi incapaz de produzir um resultado conclusivo. Paralelamente à eficiência, ao se considerar o custo, os testes rápidos apresentam custo inferior aos demais métodos, além de necessitarem de um tempo de execução menor (15 minutos) e não necessitarem de equipamentos, acessórios e infra-estrutura específica adicionais. Portanto, acreditamos que testes rápidos com a performance igual ou superior a do Rapid Check poderiam ser utilizados como método alternativo junto à Imunofluorescência, promovendo assim uma redução no custo e no prazo de liberação de resultados.
20

CARBÚNCULO SINTOMÁTICO: ABORDAGEM DIAGNÓSTICA E IMUNOLÓGICA / BLACKLEG: DIAGNOSTIC AND IMMUNOLOGICAL APPROACHES

Farias, Luana D'avila 24 February 2011 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Blackleg is an acute and often fatal infection that affects mainly cattle, whose causative agent is Clostridium chauvoei. In this study two experiments were presented, the first with the aim of facilitating the collection and material storage in common filter paper for laboratory diagnosis of blackleg by using PCR (polymerase chain reaction). For this we tested in vitro, the sensitivity, specificity and feasibility of this method over different storage periods at room temperature. For the viability test we used twelve bovine liver tissues which ten samples were impregnated with a suspension containing C. chauvoei inoculum and the tests were performed at 24h, 48h, 72h, and one week of storage. The sensitivity of the technique was not affected by the use of common filter paper. There were no cross-reactions and no amplifications were observed from the negative control samples. Direct PCR by using common filter paper showed amplification in 50% of the samples at 24 h, 100% at 48h, 70% at 72h, and 90% within one week of storage at room temperature. This method demonstred to be a practical and economical alternative for collection, storage and material shipment for molecular diagnosis of blackleg. Second experiment aimed to verify the potency of immunization provided by two polyvalent clostridial vaccines (A and B vaccines) tested against the field strain (SBP 07/09) and the reference strain (MT) of C. chauvoei. The assays were made through of challenge in immunized guinea pigs, officially used by the Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA, Brazil) (equivalent to Department of Agriculture) and subsequent evaluation of the humoral response of guinea pigs by ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) was done. At the end of the experiment, all vaccinated guinea pigs remained alive and no clinical signs of the disease were observed, while the control group showed characteristic blackleg clinical signs and died within 24 to 48 hours. The vaccines tested were effective in stimulating the humoral response against both field strain SBP 09/07 and the reference strain MT of C. chauvoei. All four vaccinated and challenged groups seroconverted by the ELISA after vaccination and the control group remained seronegative. However, animals immunized with B vaccine had higher levels of antibodies detected when compared with guinea pig immunized with A vaccine. This work has important contributions to the prevention and development of diagnostic methods for blackleg, a relevant disease with economic and animal health impact. / O carbúnculo sintomático é uma infecção aguda e geralmente fatal que acomete principalmente os bovinos, cujo agente etiológico é Clostridium chauvoei. Neste estudo foram apresentados dois experimentos, o primeiro com o objetivo de facilitar a coleta e armazenamento de material em papel filtro comum, para diagnóstico laboratorial do carbúnculo sintomático por PCR (polymerase chain reaction) direta. Para isto, foram testadas, in vitro, a sensibilidade, especificidade e viabilidade do método em decorrência do tempo e à temperatura ambiente. Para o teste de viabilidade, foram utilizados os tecidos hepáticos de doze bovinos, sendo dez impregnados com uma suspensão de C. chauvoei. Os testes foram realizados nos períodos de 24h, 48h, 72h e uma semana após impregnação do papel filtro comum armazenado à temperatura ambiente. A sensibilidade da técnica não foi comprometida com o uso do papel filtro comum. Não foram observadas reações cruzadas e amplificações a partir das amostras controle negativas. A PCR direta do papel filtro comum apresentou amplificação em 50% das amostras nas 24h, 100% nas 48h, 70% nas 72h e 90% no período de uma semana de armazenamento à temperatura ambiente. Este método demonstrou ser uma alternativa prática e econômica para coleta, armazenamento e remessa de material para diagnóstico molecular de carbúnculo sintomático. O segundo experimento teve como objetivo verificar a eficiência da imunização proporcionada por duas vacinas clostridiais polivalentes (vacinas A e B) testadas frente à cepa de campo (SBP 07/09) e a cepa de referência (MT) de C. chauvoei. Os testes ocorreram por meio do desafio em cobaias imunizadas, utilizado oficialmente pelo Ministério da Agricultura Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA) e posteriormente foi avaliada a resposta humoral dos animais pelo teste de ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Ao final do experimento, todas as cobaias vacinadas estavam vivas e sem sinais clínicos da doença, enquanto os animais dos grupos controle apresentaram sinais característicos da doença e morreram no período de 24 a 48 horas. As vacinas testadas foram eficientes em estimular resposta humoral tanto frente à cepa de campo de C. chauvoei quanto frente à cepa de referência MT. Quanto à resposta humoral evidenciada pelo ELISA, os quatro grupos vacinados e desafiados soroconverteram após a vacinação e os animais do grupo controle permaneceram soronegativos. Contudo, os animais imunizados com a vacina B apresentaram maiores níveis de anticorpos detectados quando comparados com os animais imunizados com a vacina A. O presente trabalho trouxe contribuições no processo de prevenção e desenvolvimento de métodos diagnósticos para o carbúnculo sintomático, uma relevante doença, tanto do ponto de vista econômico quanto da saúde animal.

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