Thesis (Master of Engineering in Ocean Engineering)--University of California at Berkeley, 2004. / "January 2005." Description based on title screen as viewed on May 25, 2010. DTIC Descriptor(s): Fluid Dynamics, Lagrangian Functions, Equations Of Motion, Acceleration, Formulations, Grids, Continuum Mechanics, Gaussian Quadrature, Derivatives (Mathematics), Compact Disks, Boundary Value Problems, Polynomials, Interpolation, Pressure, Operators (Mathematics). DTIC Identifier(s): Multimedia (CD-Rom), Moving Grids, Meshless Discretization, Lifs (Lagrange Implicit Fraction Step), Lagrangian Dynamics, Meshless Operators, Mlip (Multidimensional Lagrange Interpolating Polynomials), Flux Boundary Conditions, Radial Basis Functions Includes bibliographical references (58-59).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mathematics, 1979. / Bibliography: leaves 58-59. / by Boris A. Kupershmidt. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mathematics, 1979.

A second-order Lagrangian system is a generalization of a classical mechanical system for which the Lagrangian action depends on the second derivative of the state variable. Recent work has shown that the dynamics of such systems c:an be substantially richer than for classical Lagrangian systems. In particular, topological properties of the planar curves obtained by projection onto the lower-order derivatives play a key role in forcing certain types of dynamics. However, the application of these techniques requires an analytic restriction on the Lagrangian that it satisfy a twist property. In this dissertation we approach this problem from the point of view of curve shortening in an effort to remove the twist condition. In classical curve shortening a family of curves evolves with a velocity which is normal to the curve and proportional to its curvature. The evolution of curves with decreasing action is more general, and in the first part of this dissertation we develop some results for curve shortening flows which shorten lengths with respect to a Finsler metric rather than a Riemannian metric. The second part of this dissertation focuses on analytic methods to accommodate the fact that the Finsler metric for second-order Lagrangian system has singularities. We prove the existence of simple periodic solutions for a general class of systems without requiring the twist condition. Further; our results provide a frame work in which to try to further extend the topological forcing theorems to systems without the twist condition. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2014. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

The longitudinal fluctuations at a point in the core of air flowing through a 15 cm. diameter pipe at a mean centerline velocity of 13.4 and 29.5 m/sec. were measured with a hot-wire anemometer. This signal, after analog to digital conversion, was stored in the form of digital samples on an ICT computer drum storage device. This method of data recording includes the effect of all eddy frequencies from DC upwards and the presence of large, slow eddies in the longitudinal direction became apparent in the subsequent autocorrelations. The longitudinal dispersion of a tracer material injected on the axis of the pipe was measured over short distances with pulses of approx. 20 msecs. duration of radioactive Krypton-85, detected at two downstream stations by small surface-barrier radiation detectors. By varying the separation of these two stations, an asymptotic mixing coefficient was established which was very much greater than the corresponding transverse mixing coefficient measured by other workers. The method proposed by Philip (4) for the prediction of the Lagrangian time autocorrelation from the Eulerian velocity measurements was examined with the correlation data of Baldwin and the data obtained in this investigation. The method applied to the unfiltered correlation data in the present measurements in a non-isotropic field to predict a longitudinal turbulent Peclet no. was found to predict a value in the region measured experimentally. When the present velocity data was filtered to remove the low-frequency components and give a turbulence intensity equal to that measured in a radial direction in previous dispersion measurements, the mixing coefficient predicted with Philip's method was found to agree very well with the transverse mixing coefficient reported in these investigations. A value is also suggested for the longitudinal Peclet number in the absence of the low frequency fluctuations. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1970.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2006. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 169-180).

Submitted by Maria Cristina (library@lncc.br) on 2017-03-14T15:05:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_lncc_LEANDRO_TAVARES.pdf: 29698763 bytes, checksum: 86bf9653aed054e6fdf52b75fb82a03d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Cristina (library@lncc.br) on 2017-03-14T15:06:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_lncc_LEANDRO_TAVARES.pdf: 29698763 bytes, checksum: 86bf9653aed054e6fdf52b75fb82a03d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-14T15:06:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_lncc_LEANDRO_TAVARES.pdf: 29698763 bytes, checksum: 86bf9653aed054e6fdf52b75fb82a03d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-19 / The Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is a Lagrangian and meshless method for discretization of fluid equations. It has been used to fluid simulation in many areas of engineering and applied sciences. This method discretizes the Navier-Stokes equations using a particle system and interpolation theory. In this context, we developed a variational integrator to SPH, using the generalized midpoint rule and fixed point method. Then, we elaborate a implementation of SPH to simulate a quasi-incompressible fluid under influence of disks that rotates with constant angular velocity (N-roll mill setup). The obtained flow patterns are analyzed using Morse and Catastrophe theories. Finally, the two aforementioned works show us the necessity of techniques for comparing fluid simulations. Hence, we developed a framework to generate a visual summary of a computation fluid simulations by adapting techniques of video summary areas. As contribution of this thesis we highlight that the variational integrator has the property of linear momentum conservation being easier to implement than counterpart ones. Also, we emphasize the methodology to analyze the critical points generated by the original implementation of N-roll mill setup using SPH. Besides, the pioneer adaptation of techniques in video summarization, for computation fluid dynamics, allows to capture a detailed picture of important segments of the fluid for both comparison and analysis of the flows. / O método lagrangiano Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) não utiliza malha subjacente para discretização de equações de fluidos e vêm sendo usado para simulações em diversas áreas do conhecimento. Esse método discretiza as equações de Navier-Stokes usando um sistema de partículas e a teoria de interpolação. Neste contexto, desenvolvemos um integrador variacional para o SPH, utilizando a regra do ponto médio generalizada e o método do ponto fixo. Em seguida, elaboramos uma implementação do SPH para simular um fluido quase-incompressível sob a influência de discos que giram com velocidades angulares constantes (\textit{N-roll mill}), denominado nessa tese de problema de N-rolos, e desenvolvemos uma metodologia para analisar os padrões de fluxos gerados. Para esta análise utilizamos a teoria de Morse e a teoria de Catástrofes de René Thom. Finalmente, os dois trabalhos citados nos mostram a necessidade e carência de técnicas para comparação e análise de fluidos. Logo, desenvolvemos um arcabouço para produção de sumários da simulação, adaptando técnicas da área de sumários de vídeo. Como contribuições da tese destacamos que o integrador variacional desenvolvido apresenta facilidade de implementação em relação a esquemas tradicionais e com conservação de momento linear. Destacamos também a metodologia para análise de pontos críticos gerados pela implementação original do problema de N-rolos usando o SPH, bem como a adaptação pioneira de técnicas de sumarização de vídeo para análise de fluidos.

This study presents a new Lagrangian model for predicting dynamics and transport in rivers and shallow water flows. A hydrostatic model is developed for the prediction of rivers and floodplain flow and lateral interactions between them. The model is extended to the Boussinesq weakly non-linear, non-hydrostatic model for the simulation of solitary waves and undular bores. A model for advection-diffusion transport of tracers in open channel flow is also presented. The simulation results are compared against an analytical solution and published laboratory data, field data and theoretical results. It is demonstrated that the Lagrangian moving grid eliminates numerical diffusion and oscillations; the model is dynamically adaptive, providing higher resolution under the wave by compressing the parcels (grid). It also allows flow over dry beds and moving boundaries to be handled efficiently. The hydrostatic model results have shown that the model accurately simulates wave propagation and non-linear steepening until wave breaking. The model is successfully applied to simulate flow and lateral interactions in a compound channel and flood wave movement in a natural river. The non-hydrostatic model has successfully reproduced the general features of solitary waves such as the balance between non-linearity and wave dispersion and non-linear interactions of two solitary waves by phase-shift. Also, the model successfully reproduced undular bores (high frequency short waves) from a long wave and the predicted maximum height of the leading wave agreed very well with the published results. It is shown that the simple second order accurate Lagrangian scheme efficiently simulates dispersive waves without any numerical diffusion. Lagrangian modeling of advection-diffusion transport of Gaussian tracer distributions, top hat tracer distributions and steep fronts (step function) in steady, uniform flow has provided exact results and has shown that the scheme allows the use of a large time step without any numerical diffusion and oscillations, including for the advection of steep fronts. The scheme can handle large Courant numbers (results are presented for Cr = 0 to 20) and the entire range of grid Peclet numbers from zero to infinity. The model is successfully applied to tracer transport due to flow induced by simple waves, solitary waves and undular bores

Orientador: José Mario Martínez Pérez / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matemática, Estatística e Computação Científica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T05:08:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FloresCallisaya_Hector_D.pdf: 2324904 bytes, checksum: e15e7624ccad0fdf64ce3c4d8095c20a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Neste trabalho, serão propostos modelos matemáticos para problemas de empacotamento não reticulado de esferas em regiões limitadas por quadráticas no plano e no espaço. Uma técnica para construir representações ou parametrizações será introduzida, mediante a qual será possível encontrar um sistema de desigualdades que determinam o empacotamento de um número fixo de esferas. Desta forma, resolvemos o problema de empacotamento de esferas através de uma sequência de sistemas de desigualdades. Finalmente, para obter resultados eficientes, minimizaremos a função de sobreposição, usando o método do Lagrangiano Aumentado / Abstract: In this work, we will propose mathematical models for not latticed packing of spheres problems in regions bounded by quadratic in the plane and in the space. A technique to construct representations or parameterizations will be introduced, by which it will be possible to find a system of inequalities which determine the packing of a fixed number of spheres. Thus, we solve the problem of packing spheres through a sequence of systems of inequalities. Finally, to obtain effective results, we will minimize the overlay function using the Augmented Lagrangian Method / Doutorado / Matematica Aplicada / Doutor em Matemática Aplicada

Orientador: Luis Felipe Cesar da Rocha Bueno / Dissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matemática Estatística e Computação Científica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T11:37:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Penachi_Rian_M.pdf: 10723936 bytes, checksum: ee5a52edf4287fdd199dc8efff4b5869 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: Este trabalho propõe uma abordagem didática acerca de otimização não linear irrestrita e com restrições de igualdade, assim como um guia para o leitor que necessita instalar e utilizar o software ALGENCAN. Prezando por explorar ideias intuitivas do tema, o texto foca em estudar, muitas vezes geometricamente, problemas irrestritos e problemas com restrições de igualdade. Para o caso sem restrições é enfatizada a relação entre métodos de otimização e métodos para zeros de sistemas não lineares, destacando o Método de Newton. Métodos do tipo Lagrangiano Aumentado são o enfoque principal, particularmente em ALGENCAN, que é uma de suas implementações mais bem estabelecidas na literatura. As dificuldades encontradas em métodos computacionais para resolver problemas simétricos de otimização não linear com restrições também são estudadas. São apresentados vários exemplos simples de como a simetria do problema afeta o bom desempenho do método e as alternativas para contornar estes obstáculos. Além do mais, testes mais completos usando a coleção CUTEst comprovam que o algoritmo modificado que introduzimos é, pelo menos, tão competitivo quanto a versão original de ALGENCAN / Abstract: This work proposes a didactic approach concerning nonlinear unconstrained optimization and nonlinear equality constrained optimization, as well as a guide for the readers who need to install and use the ALGENCAN software. Exploring intuitive ideas of the subject, the focus of the text is to study, often in a geometric way, unconstrained problems and problems with equality constraints. For the case of unconstrained problems, it will be emphasized the relationship between optimization methods and methods for nonlinear systems, highlighting the Newton's Method. The main focus will be on the Augmented Lagrangian Method, particularly on ALGENCAN, which is one of the most well-established implementations in the literature. The difficulties found in computational methods to solve symmetric problems of nonlinear constrained optimization will be also studied. It will be shown, through several simple examples, how the symmetry of the problem affects the good performance of the method and the alternatives to overcome these difficulties. Moreover, more complete tests using CUTEst will be done, which will confirm that the modified algorithm introduced by us is, at least, as efficient as the original version of ALGENCAN / Mestrado / Matematica Aplicada e Computacional / Mestre em Matemática Aplicada e Computacional

O fenômeno de perda de circulação é consequência da perfuração de poços de petróleo e gás em substratos permeáveis e é caracterizado pelo influxo de fluido de perfuração da região anular para a formação. Além dos custos adicionais relacionados com a necessidade constante de reposição do fluido perdido, danos à formação nas adjacências do poço são de ocorrência comum. Uma potencial solução é a adição de materiais de perda de circulação (LCM’s) ao fluido de perfuração para que uma camada de reboco se forme na parede do poço em filtração dinâmica. Neste trabalho, o escoamento bifásico líquido-sólido é simulado numericamente através de uma abordagem de Euler-Lagrange para representar o crescimento do reboco na interface poço-formação. A região anular do poço é idealizada como um canal vertical de seção transversal retangular em contato com um meio poroso anisotrópico, o qual é concebido na escala do poro (heterogêneo) como um arranjo de cilindros alternados. O escoamento particulado é ascendente e eventualmente as partículas, as quais representam o LCM, abandonam o canal adentrando o meio poroso onde pode ocorrer a geração do reboco. A simulação é realizada através do Método de Fase Discreta Densa (DDPM) no qual as equações da fase sólida e fluida são solucionadas separadamente. O Método dos Elementos Discretos (DEM) é empregado para calcular as interações de contato (colisão e atrito). A caracterização do combate à perda de circulação é realizada através da redução da vazão de fuga ao longo do tempo. Resultados mostram o efeito da variação do número de Reynolds no canal (125, 250, 500), da vazão inicial de fuga (5, 10, 20%), do diâmetro das partículas (0,50; 0,75; 1,00 mm), da razão de massa específica partícula-fluido (1,5; 2,5) e da configuração do meio poroso (porosidade, número de cilindros e garganta de poro). A eficiência do reboco na redução da vazão de fuga recai na formação de um plugue de partículas que seja capaz de obturar toda a altura do meio poroso, não permitindo que haja gargantas de poros desobstruídas. Tal aspecto é favorecido pela redução do diâmetro e da razão de massa específica, bem como pelo aumento do Reynolds e da vazão inicial de fuga. / The lost circulation is a consequence of the well drilling in a permeable substrate, being characterized by the drilling fluid influx to the porous formation. Despite the additional costs associated with the need of continuous fluid replacement, another misfortune is the irreversible formation damage due to the fluid invasion, which may reflect negatively throughout the productive life of the well. Therefore, it is of utter importance to make use of preventive and corrective techniques, like the addition of lost circulation materials (LCM) to the drilling fluid. The LCM particles deposit over the porous formation under dynamic filtration and create a mud cake (filter cake) that helps diminishing the fluid invasion flow rate. In this work, the liquid-solid two-phase flow is numerically simulated via an Euler-Lagrange approach to represent the mud cake growth. The well annular region is considered as a vertical channel bounded by an anisotropic porous formation. The porous medium is conceived in the pore-scale as a periodic array of staggered cylinders. The fluid flows upward through the channel carrying the solid particles that mimic the LCM’s. The particles might eventually get into the porous formation and deposit, creating the mud cake. The equations for the fluid flow and for the particles movement are solved separately via the Dense Discrete Phase Model (DDPM). The particle-particle and particle-wall interactions like collision and friction are calculated via the Discrete Element Methods that is coupled to the DDPM. The effectiveness of the lost circulation mitigation is evaluated mainly by the decrease in the fluid invasion flow rate over time. The results demonstrate the influence of the variation of the Reynolds number on the channel (125, 250, 500), the initial fluid invasion flow rate (5, 10, 20%), the particles diameter (0.50, 0.75, 1.00 mm), the particle-fluid specific mass ratio (1.5, 2.5) and the configuration of the porous medium (porosity, number of cylinders and pore throat).