Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Land reform as a topic has engendered universal debate. In certain parts of the world, land reform is seen as the redistribution of property or rights in property for the benefit of the landless, tenants and farm labourers but in others it has been a tool of oppression. Worldwide, land reform arose mainly because of inequalities of resources or in other to control resources. In South Africa, the need for land reform started as early as 1658, where blacks were not afforded equal opportunities as white people and therefore were forced off farm land and properties. Since, 1994 when South Africa’s first democratic Government came into power, one of its goals was to redress the injustices of the past and give back land to the previously disadvantaged people through various land reform programmes. The goal of this study is to evaluate the delivery land reform programmes of South Africa, namely: Land Restitution, Land Redistribution and Land Tenure Reform. The impact of land reform is not measured in this thesis. This research is however focussed on answering the following question: To what extent has land reform achieved its intended output? Land reform in South Africa could be viewed as an act of development, as it focuses on meeting the basic needs of the marginalised and underdeveloped people, which is in turn an objective of development. Marginalised and underdeveloped people as well as communities need land in order to ensure that their living conditions improve. Programme evaluation is used to evaluate land restitution, land redistribution and land tenure reform in order to determine the successes and failures of the land reform programme in South Africa. Land reform has mixed opinions on whether the programmes have been implemented effectively and efficiently. The process has received criticism, even though land has been restored and redistributed to claimants and beneficiaries, it has not been occurring at a fast enough pace. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Grondhervorming is ’n onderwerp wat universeel bespreek word. In Suid-Afrika, word grondhervorming gesien as die herverdeling van eiendom of regte in eiendom vir die voordeel van die grondlose, huurders en plaaswerkers. Wêreldwyd, het grondhervorming ontstaan hoofsaaklik as gevolg van ongelykhede van hulpbronne. Die behoefte vir grondhervorming in Suid-Afrika het so vroeg as 1658 begin, waar swartes nie gelyke geleenthede gegun was soos blankes en was gedwing om hulle plaasgrond en eiendomme te verlaat. Sedert, 1994, toe Suid-Afrika se eerste demokratiese regering aan bewind gekom het, was een van sy doelwitte om die ongeregtighede van die verlede reg te stel en grond aan die voorheen benadeelde mense deur middel van verskeie grond hervormingsprogramme terug te gee. Die doel van hierdie studie is om die lewering van die grondhervorming programme van Suid-Afrika te evalueer, naamlik: Grond Restitusie, die Herverdeling van Grond en Grondbesit Hervorming. Die impak van grondhervorming word nie in hierdie tesis gemeet nie. Hierdie navorsing is egter gefokus om die volgende vraag te beantwoord: In watter mate het grondhervorming die beoogde uitsette bereik? Grondhervorming kan gesien word as 'n daad van ontwikkeling, aangesien dit fokus op die basiese behoeftes van die gemarginaliseerde en onderontwikkelde mense, wat op sy beurt 'n doelwit van ontwikkeling is. Gemarginaliseerde en onderontwikkelde mense sowel as gemeenskappe moet land besit om te verseker dat hul lewensomstandighede verbeter kan word. Program evaluering word gebruik om Grond Restitusie, die Herverdeling van Grond en Grondbesit Hervorming te evalueer ten einde die suksesse en mislukkings van die grondhervormingsprogram in Suid-Afrika te bepaal. Grondhervorming het gemengde menings oor die vraag of die programme doeltreffend en effektief geïmplementeer word. Die proses ontvang kritiek, alhoewel land herstel en versprei aan grondeisers en begunstigdes is, gebeur dit nie op ’n vinnig genoeg pas nie.

Thesis (MPA (School of Public Management and Planning))--University of Stellenbosch, 2008. / The dawn of a democratic South Africa in 1994 was seen as the beginning of a new era in South Africa. Land Reform, as a matter of moral reconciliation, and within the context of rural development, was high on the agenda to be addressed by the new democratic ANC-led government. Although South Africa’s history of systematic racial land dispossession is not unique; the extent of the dispossession, and racial nature of the dispossession gave a uniqueness to South Africa’s land history. In 1994 the racially skewed land ownership pattern reflected that 55 000 white commercial farmers owned 87 per cent of the land, yet the African majority of had access to 13 per cent of the marginal land. The land reform imperative was restricted in approach by the compromise reached during the negotiations resulting in a transitional government for South Africa. In addition, the early 1990’s, was a period of increasing dominance of the neo-liberal ideology with its minimal state and minimal state intervention, and reliance on the free market principles informing interventions and programmes. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa enshrined private property rights protection; and whilst given recognition to the requirement of land reform it enshrined a market-led approach with enabling legislation and policy statements such as a “willing-buyer/willing-seller” requirements for redistribution and market related prices for land acquisition. The Department of Land Affairs, a national government department, was tasked with the development and implementation of land redistribution. Therefore, despite the neo-liberal principles informing land reform, a state-led approach towards the actual implementation was embarked upon. In 1998 a target was set to be achieved within 5 years; which the Department failed dismally to reach. The target was then extended to be reached by 2014, and the thesis predicts that unless the delivery mechanism currently utilised for land redistribution is changed the target will not be reached by 2014. The New Public Management paradigm, and various alternative delivery mechanisms have been considered, in addition to assessing the delivery mechanisms and approaches towards land reform in Brazil and the Philippines in an attempt to identify suitable delivery mechanisms for land reform in South Africa to enable it to achieve its target and objectives. A detailed evaluation of an existing Public-Private Partnership, which exists to implement land redistribution was undertaken in terms of primary data collection and secondary data statistics. The evaluation assessed whether this delivery mechanism will enable targets to be met and land redistribution objectives in relation to rural development be achieved. The thesis argues that the Public-Private Partnerships alternative delivery mechanism is a suitable vehicle to delivery land redistribution across agriculture commodities, with key recommendations on matters to address within the PPP mechanism. For land reform to be implemented at the required scale and to achieve its developmental objectives innovation is required within partnership approaches and not a traditional bureaucratic-led approach.