Thesis (PhD (School of Public Management and Planning ))—University of Stellenbosch, 2005. / The concern of the South African public with the ability of the police to do their work properly is highlighted by the media and the sensational opinions that are given by the various reporters. Researchers and academics in South Africa have voiced different points of view through research reports and publications; politicians have involved themselves in the debate through their statements and promises and the South African Police Service (SAPS) itself, through various reports and committees, is aware of the seemingly endless debate around police management competency.

Thesis (MPA (School of Public Management and Planning))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005. / The new legal and policy framework for local government has changed the character of this third level of government. Municipalities are required to put the public at the centre of development undertakings. Interaction between local government and the public can only be effective if an environment conducive to such interaction is created. Public participation strategies should be able to give the public an opportunity to influence the decision-making process. Based on the above, this study evaluates the Mayor’s Listening Campaign as public participation strategy in the Integrated Development Planning process in the City of Cape Town. The study indicates that the Listening Campaign was not an authentic and sustainable public participation strategy to empower the public.

Thesis (MPhil (Sustainable Development Planning and Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / Large scale events have historically been ignored by those involved in the sustainability debate. However there is growing realization that major events can have significant environmental and socio-economic impacts and opportunities. This has been highlighted by the global growth of a phenomenon which has become known as event greening. The hosting of a major event like the Olympic Games comes with benefits and problems to the host city or region. The question is can the benefits be maximised and the problems minimised? This thesis shows that events can be hosted in a manner that contributes positively to the host city and limits the negative impacts, by incorporating principles of sustainable development with in the event management plan. This is known as event greening. Managing an event in a way that minimizes negative impacts and maximizes positive impacts produces results that are true reflections of success of a major event (GoJ Report, 2003). Event greening has been evolving since the early 1990’s and has arguable reached a point where absolute definition and standardisation is required to ensure its authenticity and integrity into the future. As the practice of event greening programmes occurs more and more so the need for a benchmarking tool to ascertain true measurable all encompassing impacts of events becomes more essential. The use of a Sustainability Rating System was employed as a way of measuring the percentage sustainability an event greening project or programme is actually achieving. This system was developed as a way of determining whether event greening is in fact contributing to sustainable development or is it another attempt at perceived sustainability best practice known as green washing. A selection of event greening projects is measured according to the Sustainability Rating System and the results show event greening is progressively contributing to global sustainable development best practice. This thesis also suggests that event greening is evolving into a sophisticated mechanism for implementing sustainable development best practice through mega- events. This research is a prelude to developing an assessment tool and a standard for event greening. The use of the Sustainability Rating System in this thesis and the discussed results propose this method as an adequate rudimentary tool which can be used to assess in a broad way the extent of sustainability of an event greening programme. This method and the information in this thesis are intended to be used as a first step in the development of an industry event greening measuring and evaluating standard or tool. It is intended that this thesis will act as a catalyst for further research and development into standards, benchmarking and possibly even certification processes for event greening.

Thesis (MA (Public and Development Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / In any organisation it is of the utmost importance that employees form part of the decisions made by management that influence them personally as well as those decisions that have an influence on their daily responsibilities. A sound principle that could be practised by managers to address this aspect is that of participative management. Although it will depend on the type of manager there is legislation in South Africa that forces managers to ensure that their personnel are managed in a participative manner. There are formal and informal methods to practice participative management in an organisation and certain factors that will have an influence on the successful implementation of this type of management style. In this research the focus will be on participative management at the police stations in the Eastern Metropole, Western Cape as well as a benchmarking with the police departments in Wyoming, United States of America. The methods that will be used to gather information to evaluate participative management will entail a questionnaire that has to be completed by the employees at the identified police stations and personal interviews with the individual Station Commissioners and Chiefs at the police departments in Wyoming. The analysis in relation to the questionnaires, interviews and literature review has been used by the researcher to formulate the findings and recommendations. The employees who work at the police stations in the Eastern Metropole are satisfied with the amount of responsibility and accountability that is delegated to them by the management. The employees are therefore adequately empowered to render a professional service to their respective clients. There is a need for the management at the police stations in the Eastern Metropole to improve on the following: to make use of the ideas, talents and suggestions of employees; to obtain commitment from employees before embarking on a course of action; to utilize the ideas on how to solve problems and improve service delivery by employees; the identifying of critical outputs and goals by the employees for their work, although the Performance Enhancement Process has ensured the opportunity it seems that the negotiation of the outputs in the individual performance plans of employees still need improvement; to create a working environment where employees are treated as stakeholders and democracy is enhanced by means of participative management; and the dispute settlement between management and unions. That the management at station level: do not always consult with employees in relation to decisions that affect them; and there are not always opportunities created for employees to participate in decisionmaking. The legislation and collective agreements that relate to participative management in the SAPS are not always adhered to by the management at the police stations in the Eastern Metropole, Western Cape. Shop stewards should get more involved at station level in the representation of their respective employees. Participative management is being practised at the police stations in the Eastern Metropole, but there is a need for the improvement thereof. The police departments in Wyoming do not have legislative prescriptions to formal participative management as the Police Service of South Africa. The organisational The informal methods used in Wyoming to practice participative management are very similar to that of South Africa, despite the fact that there is no legislation or prescriptions to the adherence thereof. The researcher is of the humble opinion that a clear policy in relation to the practice of participative management in police organisations at station level should be compiled that will incorporate existing legislation and collective agreements in the SAPS as well as the methods to practice participative management. The shop stewards that represent their employees at the police stations in the Eastern Metropole, Western Cape should be sensitised on their role and responsibilities. Managers at the police stations in the Eastern Metropole, Western Cape should again be sensitised on the legislation and collective agreements that relate to participative management and that a suggestion box, quality circles and a participative management forum be implemented at station level.

Thesis (MPhil (Sustainable Development Planning and Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / This is a technical and financial proposal for a large-scale and complex sustainable development project in Zambia. The sustainable development project is the Copperbelt Environment Project (CEP)1. This proposal aims at developing strategies for addressing sustainability problems of CEP. One objective of the proposed strategies is to raise additional funds to support its activities beyond CEP’s initial project-life. The other is to enhance public participation in CEP, especially of political and traditional leaders. CEP is a project of the Government of the Republic of Zambia (GRZ) created in 2002 to mitigate historical environmental and social liabilities caused by mining after the privatisation of stateowned mines. Furthermore, CEP is charged with the responsibility to improve compliance of ongoing mining operations through enhanced environmental and social regulation. CEP is faced with three key sustainability problems. The first problem relates to the cessation of CEP activities after the end of its conceptual project life span in 2008. If CEP activities cease without an exit strategy to take care of on-going CEP activities, serious environmental and socioeconomic problems are likely to arise in mining areas. The second sustainability problem relates to the financial deficit of CEP. Less than US $60 million of the US $200 million required has been sourced for CEP activities implying a deficit of about US $150 million. Unless the financial deficit is secured, it is unlikely that most historical environmental liabilities will be addressed. It is also unlikely that environmental and social regulation targets of CEP will be attained by the end of its initial life span. The third sustainability problem relates to inadequate public participation in CEP activities. Although public participation in development programmes is a policy and legal requirement in Zambia, it is however very low in CEP. Traditional and political leaders are not using their offices to advance CEP agenda. A hybrid of participatory research/action research, evaluation research, empowerment evaluation and literature reviews research methodologies is proposed to be used to develop the strategies that will address the above problems. In addition, multiple methods of data collection are proposed to be used, including structured and semi-structured individual and group interviews, questionnaires, documentary sources and analysis, plenary and focus group discussions, personal experience, commissioned expert inputs, websites and participation records. The long-term target of the proposed project is to generate in excess of US $900 million for CEP activities by 2025. The proposed project will also utilise the Community-Based Environmental Protection (CBEP) approach and draw on the South African experience on public participation to build the capacity of target groups to take stewardship of environmental problems in their areas. A detailed implementation plan will be developed to serve as the framework for operationalising the proposed strategies. Existing CEP monitoring and evaluation mechanisms will be used to track the implementation plan. A six-man team headed by a team leader is proposed to execute this project proposal. An activitybased budget including a logical framework, timescales for deliverables, coverage areas, target groups, action planning, project goals, stakeholder analysis, time plans for staff and activity schedules are proposed. Depending on the speed and efficiency with which the project proposal and its strategies are implemented, a sustainable solution to poor environmental management in mining areas of Zambia is possible.

Thesis (MA (School of Public Management and Planning))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africa is a developing country and is experiencing all the problems, challenges and opportunities associated with that situation, one of which is a very definite shortage of relevant and appropriate human resource, technical and managerial skills. This is having a negative effect in many areas, including in the public sector. Public sector organisations are faced with another dilemma arising from the shortage of skilled employees. The issues relating to service delivery which have led to violent protests in communities around the country at the time of writing (August 2009) have been in part been exacerbated by the ever-increasing lack of managers and other personnel. There is also the problem of experienced personnel who have accepted more senior positions in their organisations or have accepted positions in other organisations, being replaced with qualified, but inexperienced staff. A third problem which occurs is when new, but inexperienced personnel are appointed in an organisation. It is necessary, in all instances, to develop the skills within the organisation through a mixture of formal and informal approaches to ensure that the people-related short-, medium- and long-term goals of the organisation are addressed. One of the interventions which can be utilised to deal with the lack of administrative, technical and managerial skills in the public sector in South Africa is coaching. A literature review is presented which covers a historical and conceptual overview of coaching and an in-depth review of a variety of coaching models and their application. There is also a literature review of the public sector in South Africa, the history and the key legislation and policy documents setting out the human resource approaches and strategies to to Copyright © 2009 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved 3 establish a link between the problems, challenges and opportunities in the public sector and coaching as an intervention to improve individual performance. A model for coaching which can be utilised in the public sector has been constructed utilising the latest concepts and theories. This model has been reviewed and evaluated by subject matter experts to assess its relevance and appropriateness as a suitable intervention to deal with people-related issues in the public sector in South Africa. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid Afrika is ʼn ontwikkelende land en ondervind al die probleme, uitdagings en geleenthede wat met daardie situasie verband hou, een waarvan die baie definitiewe tekort aan relevante en geskikte menslike hulpbron-, tegniese- en bestuursvaardighede. Dit het ʼn negatiewe effek in baie areas, insluitend in die openbare sektor. Openbare sektor organisasies staar ʼn ander dilemma in die gesig wat uit die tekort aan bekwame werknemers voortspruit. Die geskilpunte rondom dienslewering wat tot die geweldadige protesaksies in baie gemeenskappe (Augustus 2009) is gedeeltelik vererger deur die toenemende tekort aan bestuurders en ander personeel. Daar is ook die probleem van ervare personeel wat meer senior posisies in hul organisasies aanvaar het of posisies in ander organisasies aanvaar het en wat deur gekwalifiseerde, maar onervare personeel vervang word. ʼn Derde probleem wat voorkom is wanneer nuwe, maar onervare personeel in ʼn organisasie aangestel word. Dit is nodig, in alle gevalle, om die vaardighede binne ʼn organisasie te ontwikkel, deur ʼn mengsel van formele en informele benaderings, om te verseker dat die mensverwante kort-, medium- en langtermyn doelwitte van die organisasie geadreseer word. Een van die intervensies wat gebruik kan word om aandag aan die tekort aan administratiewe, tegniese en bestuursvaardighede in die openbare sektor in die Suid Afrikaanse te gee is “coaching” (dit is interessant dat daar nog geen geskikte Afrikaanse woord vir “coaching” na vore gekom het). ʼn Literatuuroorsig word aangebied wat ʼn historiese en konseptuele oorsig van “coaching” dek en ʼn indiepte oorsig van ʼn verskeidenheid van “coaching”-modelle en hul aanwending. Daar is ook ʼn literatuuroorsig van die openbare sektor in Suid Afrika, die geskiedenis en die belangrikste Copyright © 2009 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved 5 wetgewing wat die benaderings oor menslike hulpbronne en die strategieë om skakel tussen die probleme, uitdagings en geleenthede in die openbare sektor en “coaching” as ʼn intervensie om indiwiduele prestasie te verbeter. ʼn Model vir “coaching” wat in die openbare sektor kan gebruik kan word is uit die jongste konsepte en teorieë saamgestel. Hierdie model was deur onderwerpdeskundiges nagegaan en geëvalueer om die relevansie en geskiktheid daarvan as ʼn intervensie om mensverwante-geskilpunte te hanteer in die openbare sektor in Suid Afrika.

Thesis (MPhil (Sustainable Development Planning and Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / This project proposal looks at the construction of a high school for the Sri Sathya Sai Organisation in South Africa using ecological design principles and Vastu Architecture as guiding strategies. The document discusses the need for sustainable development in relation to the built environment. The mechanisms, objectives and reasons for existence of the Sri Sathya Sai Organisation are also discussed. The proposal also introduces the science of Vastushastra as a science that can benefit human beings on both material and spiritual levels. The proposal lists the various alternative technologies that are available to make the built environment more sustainable and then goes further to present the relevant technologies that will be used in the project.

Thesis (MPA (School of Public Management and Planning))--Stellenbosch University, 2008. / Within the context of South African government departments, Supply Chain Management (SCM) is a fairly new discipline that was introduced in 2003 in order to move away from the rule-based procurement system to an integrated SCM system that would promote the New Public Management model by means of improved financial management, efficiency, efficacy and economy in the public sector and provide value added goods and services to the customers of government. Government action is primarily driven by legislation. Accounting officers of government departments, management teams and other levels of staff are faced with the problem that they need to have a sense of and understanding of the values or principles entrenched in the legislative framework affecting SCM that require institutionalisation in their organisations to support the “living” of SCM in those organisations. The aim of the thesis is to identify the principles or values entrenched in the concept of SCM and the legislative framework at a high level that will assist public sector organisations to institutionalise SCM in their organisations and that supports the evolutionary implementation process of SCM. As SCM is not a new terrain in the global context information was collected by means of a literature study on the subject of SCM. The study incorporates the philosophy, phenomena, processes, practices, and activities relating to the institutionalisation of SCM. In addition, South African statutes relevant to SCM will be examined. Other relevant public sector documents such as green papers, white papers, departmental annual reports, budget statements, organisational structures, reviews, policy documents, guideline documents, reports, strategic plans and best practice documents will also be consulted. The principles and values contained in the concept of SCM and those entrenched in the legislative framework that relates to SCM are similar. Institutionalisation of SCM is manifested in South African statutes and is an evolutionary process. Failure to institutionalise the SCM and legislative principles and values affect both the organisation and the customer. At all levels institutionalisation of SCM demands leadership; organisational and behavioural change; integration; commitment; excellence; communication; teamwork; long term relationships; trust; risk, benefit; reward; information sharing; joint planning; positive attitudes; participation; an ongoing process of learning, training and development - changes the mindset; all of which is best supported by a team of professionals and proper units of measure. The evidence in this thesis suggest that the institutionalisation of the values and principles entrenched in the concept of SCM and the South African legislative framework related thereto will assist public sector organisations with the evolutionary implementation process of SCM. The consequential “living” of SCM in public sector organisations will enhance the quality of financial management, but more importantly provide value added goods and services to the public as customers of government. Negative attitudes and behaviour of people in the public sector SCM environment must be overcome through change management processes in order to implement SCM at the desired pace and scale.

Thesis (MPA (School of Public Management and Planning))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / The National Treasury of South Africa has recognised supply-chain management (SCM) as forming one of the key financial management reform focus areas. The SCM Regulations issued by the National Treasury are so new to local government that their particular relevance to the different municipalities is, as yet, unknown. The implications of the Regulations are being phased in over a 12-month period, giving municipalities the opportunity to draft, adopt, and implement their SCM policies. No guide or model therefore yet exists that can be adapted to suit Matatiele Municipality in its quest to implement all the components of SCM in order to improve service delivery.

Thesis (MPA (School of Public Management and Planning))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / The focus of this research is on the analysis of Namibian land reform policy. The primary objective is to identify the prevailing values behind the land reform, formulate precise objectives that reflect the inherent values, and analyse the existing options with a view to identifying the delivery mechanism(s) most appropriate to meeting the land reform objectives and to delivering the desired outcomes in a sustainable way. Namibia inherited skewed land ownership. The land reform debate focuses mainly on the redistribution of commercial farms, which are mostly owned by whites, and the tenure reform in the communal areas. The Namibian land reform rests on a tripartite scheme: Resettlement, Affirmative Action Loan Scheme (AALS) and the Development of Communal Areas (DCA). These approaches are governed by a number of policies and laws. Land reform is a very complex and emotion-laden phenomenon with multiple dimensions, which include moral, historical, social, economic, environmental and technical aspects. The land question in Namibia is a race question. While politicians argue publicly that land reform is important to boost the economy and reduce poverty, in reality the focus is on having more black Namibians own more of Namibia’s commercial farmland. This discrepancy between public pronouncements and actual motive may be responsible for the lack of clear objectives for the land reform policy. The analysis of Namibian land reform policy will require formulation of precise objectives. Because Namibia is the driest country south of the Sahara, sustainable management of land is imperative. Finding ways of achieving a politically acceptable racial balance of commercial land ownership and sustainable utilisation of redistributed land within an optimum time span is a challenge. The formulation of Namibian land reform policy was not preceded by any attempt at prior policy analysis. An ad hoc and crisis-management approach prevailed. A policy issue analysis approach has been used in this study. It is based primarily on a literature review augmented with questionnaires and interviews with selected key stakeholders. A stratified sampling technique was applied in the selection of the key stakeholders. The three groups identified were the policy-formulation and implementation group, the commercial farmers and the emerging farmers. VISA, a multi-criteria decision analysis package, was used to analyse and compare the three land reform approaches, while PolicyMaker software was used to analyse political actors and suggest strategies that can enhance the policy’s feasibility. The literature review and questionnaires revealed that the objectives of the land reform policy include correcting the skewed ownership of commercial farmland to reflect the demography of Namibia, alleviating poverty and achieving social and economic equity for all citizens. The programme should be sociologically, economically and environmentally sustainable. Combining all these objectives as criteria for evaluation, VISA demonstrates that the affirmative action loan scheme has the greatest potential for meeting the objectives followed by resettlement and development of communal areas respectively. Using the PolicyMaker software, stakeholders were categorised into supporters, opponents and non-mobilised; opportunities and obstacles were identified and strategies devised to harness opportunities and diffuse opposition. / cmc2010