This master’s thesis examines the relationship between emergency management planning and comprehensive land use planning. The incorporation of emergency management practices into the comprehensive planning process allows for a better understanding of the impact of development, zoning, building code, and economic development on the mitigation of hazards that face the community. Academic curricula may provide a brief introduction of the relationship between hazard mitigation and land use; however, a more detailed exploration of how emergency management planning and regional or urban planning are interrelated is needed. The impact of weather-related events, natural disasters, or other human-caused shock or disruption can dramatically impact the physical, social, and psychological structures of a community. This research provides regional planners with the history of emergency management planning in the United States. It examines how cross-sharing of information and process between both planning disciplines can contribute to more robust community development and disaster plans. A case study illustrates the impact of urban development on natural hazard mitigation and the subsequent risks to public safety, which resulted from the planning decisions. Place identity, place dependence, and public participation concerning hazard mitigation and disaster management are explored to provide planners and emergency managers with a context of the psychological influences which may impact a community member’s decisions when faced with significant disruption of place. Best practices that guide the integration of regional planning and emergency management planning are provided to increase the understanding of both planning processes to increase the capacity of a community to absorb and rebound from a natural disaster or sudden shock.

The diploma thesis describes theoretical issues of land-use planning with applicable legislation, analyzes the current state of land-use planning documentation, evaluates development goals of village and proposes practical solution to their inclusion to the land-use plan.

abstract: Sustainability research and action in communities should be holistic, integrating sociocultural, biogeophysical, and spiritual components and their temporal and spatial dynamics toward the aim of co-creating thriving living systems. Yet scientists and practitioners still struggle with such integration. Regenerative development (RD) offers a way forward. RD focuses on shifting the consciousness and thinking underlying (un)sustainability as well as their manifestation in the physical world, creating increasingly higher levels of health and vitality for all life across scales. However, tools are nascent and relatively insular. Until recently, no empirical scientific research studies had been published on RD processes and outcomes. My dissertation fills this gap in three complementary studies. The first is an integrative review that contextualizes regenerative development within the fields of sustainability, sustainable design and development, and ecology by identifying its conceptual elements and introducing a regenerative landscape development paradigm. The second study integrates complex adaptive systems science, ecology, sustainability, and regenerative development to construct and pilot the first iteration of a holistic sustainable development evaluation tool—the Regenerative Development Evaluation Tool—in two river restoration projects. The third study builds upon the first two, integrating scientific knowledge with existing RD and sustainable community design and development practices and theory to construct and pilot a Regenerative Community Development (RCD) Framework. Results indicate that the RCD Framework and Tools, when used within a regenerative landscape development paradigm, can facilitate: (1) shifts in thinking and development and design outcomes to holistic and regenerative ones; (2) identification of areas where development and design projects can become more regenerative and ways to do so; and (3) identification of factors that potentially facilitate and impede RCD processes. Overall, this research provides a direction and tools for holistic sustainable development as well as foundational studies for further research. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Sustainability 2019

Orientador: Edson Luís Piroli / Resumo: No processo de produção do espaço geográfico, o homem promove mudanças no uso da terra e, consequentemente, alterações no ciclo hidrológico, que dão origem a impactos ambientais negativos, tais como o aumento das taxas de erosão do solo, da exportação de sedimentos das bacias hidrográficas e do escoamento superficial, principalmente quando reduz ou elimina a cobertura vegetal. Tais impactos são observados na bacia do Ribeirão São Domingos, localizada no município de Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo – SP, que passou pelos processos de expansão urbana e intensificação da ocupação agrícola a partir da década de 1970. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desta tese foi analisar a influência das transformações ocorridas no uso da terra da referida bacia hidrográfica desde a década de 1960 e em cenários futuros de uso na configuração dos processos de erosão, aporte de sedimentos e escoamento superficial, por meio de modelagem, como subsídio ao ordenamento territorial urbano e rural. Para tanto, foi necessário: caracterizar os usos da terra passados e atuais; simular os cenários futuros; levantar, caracterizar e mapear os solos da área de estudo; ajustar a equação Intensidade-Duração-Frequência (IDF) para utilização nos estudos hidrológicos; realizar as modelagens de erosão e hidrológica; analisar os instrumentos de ordenamento territorial e parcelamento do solo do Plano Diretor do município e propor as alterações necessárias à redução do escoamento superficial e do perigo de inundação na bacia. A met... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: In the process of producing the geographical space, humans promote changes in land use and, consequently, changes in the hydrological cycle, which generate negative environmental impacts such as an increase in soil erosion rates, sediment yield and surface runoff at the watershed outlets, especially when the vegetal cover is reduced or eliminated. These impacts are observed in São Domingos stream watershed, located in the municipality of Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo, in São Paulo state, which has undergone urban expansion and intensification of agricultural use since the 1970s. In this context, this thesis aims to analyze the influence of land use changes in this watershed, since the 1960s and in future use scenarios, in the configuration of erosion processes, sediment yield, and surface runoff by means of modeling, as a subsidy to the urban and rural land use planning. Aiming this objective, the following steps were necessary: to characterize the past and current land uses; to simulate future scenarios; to survey, characterize and map the soils of the study site; to adjust the Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) equation to be used in hydrological studies; to perform erosion and hydrologic modeling; to analyze the land use planning and soil parceling instruments of the municipality’s master plan and to propose the necessary changes in order to reduce runoff and flood hazard in the watershed. The methodology was based on the production of land use maps for the years 1962, 1984, 200... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

MURP / Department of Urban and Regional Planning / The study evaluates the criteria for allocation of development projects to communities using key guideline documents from municipalities such as the Spatial Development Frameworks and the Integrated Development Plans. Allocation of development projects in local municipalities must be well informed and must prioritise community needs hence the need for an objective process to the allocation of projects in communities. The study focused on one rural local municipality, Thulamela Local Municipality due to the level of service delivery protests and service delivery dissatisfaction experienced in the municipality that led to the 2016 municipal boundary redefinition process and a request of a new municipality called Collins Chabane. In this study, the name Malamulele which was under Thulamela Local Municipality is used interchangeably with the new name Collins Chabane. The study utilised the Evaluation Survey Approach to determine the allocation of projects in different communities in Thulamela local municipality. Both qualitative and quantitative research techniques, using Evaluation Survey Approach to unpack the implications of misbalanced allocation of development projects in rural communities were used. Data was collected through household questionnaires, key informant interviews and field observations. Key informants were selected through purposive random sampling techniques while household surveys were accomplished through stratified random sampling technique. Collected data on the role of government with respect to service delivery, criteria on the allocation, economic and demographic profiles, infrastructure and community service provision and principles of project allocation are presented, discussed, processed and analysed through thematic content analysis, SPSS and Microsoft Excel Packages. Based on the study’s findings of insufficient public participation, misalignment of SDF/SDBIP/IDP, lack of fund and planning, boundary disputes among others, the researcher then makes recommend the strategy for the allocation of development projects that involves outlining the criterion used to allocate development projects, adequate public participation, improved level of SDF alignment and principles for improved developmental project allocations in rural municipalities. / NRF

L’urbanisation des pays développés et en voie de développement entraîne des effets négatifs liés à la pollution de l’air, aux émissions de gaz à effet de serre et à la congestion dans les villes. Cette thèse étudie les effets des formes urbaines sur la pollution, la congestion, les distances domicile-travail et le bien-être des citadins. Nous construisons un modèle théorique de ville polycentrique incluant des choix de localisation résidentielle avec la présence d’externalités négatives de pollution et de congestion provenant des flux de transport, où la localisation des lieux d’emploi est déterminée de manière endogène. Une analyse empirique des déterminants spatiaux des distances et des temps de déplacement domicile-travail est menée avec les aires métropolitaines françaises comme cas d’étude. Cette thèse souligne la nécessité d'une approche prudente pour mettre en œuvre certaines politiques urbaines qui garantiraient un développement durable des villes. Une ville polycentrique peut être une ville souhaitable ou non en fonction (i) de l'accessibilité des lieux d’emplois, (ii) de la qualité de l'infrastructure routière (vitesse élevée ou non), (iii) de la densité d'emploi dans les villes et de (iv) la répartition de la population et des emplois. Cette thèse démontre également le rôle significatif de la demande de logements endogène sur les structures urbaines en présence d’une externalité négative de congestion des transports non tarifée. Certains projets de densification urbaine devraient reconsidérer et quantifier les externalités négatives (congestion et pollution) qui surviennent lorsque la population augmente dans une ville. Ces externalités sont des coûts indirects dus à l'ajustement de la demande de logements et de transport à long terme. / Urbanization in developed and developing countries has major drawbacks regarding air pollution, Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions and congestion externalities due to transport in car-based cities. In this thesis, we study the effects of urban design on pollution, congestion, traveled distances and welfare. We build a theoretical model of residential choices with pollution and congestion externalities arising from commuting, where the location of jobs within the city is endogenous. Finally we collect data from French metropolitan areas to conduct an empirical analysis of spatial determinants of commuting time and distances. This thesis highlights the need of a cautious approach to implement some urban policies that would guarantee a sustainable development of a city. A polycentric city may be a desirable city or not depending on the (i) accessibility of workplaces, (ii) the quality of road infrastructure (high speed), (iii) the employment density and (iv) the distribution of population and workplaces in cities. This thesis also demonstrates the significant role of the housing demand on urban structure when the latter is endogenous in a context of unpriced transport congestion. Some urban densification project might reconsider and quantify the negative externalities (congestion and pollution) which arise when the population grows within any city. These externalities are indirect costs due to the adjustment of the housing and transport demand in the long run.

The modern global agrifood system has had significant negative impacts on consumers and producers. This has precipitated the rise of local food systems that are purported to improve the health and livelihoods of consumers and producers. High expectations have led to significant public and private resources dedicated to the development of local food systems. Despite this, there has been little systematic research exploring the social and institutional conditions that facilitate or frustrate local food system development. Using a comparative case study approach, this study explored the ways local structural conditions, collective action, food system policies, and the political context affect the development of local food systems. Findings suggested truly robust local food system development requires either collective action or public policies and are more likely to exist and be successful depending on the political climate and the balance of power between land use interests in the community.

An increasing national focus on problems related to urban sprawl has fueled debate on the best way for urban areas to accommodate increasing populations. Portland, Oregon has attracted international attention for its growth policies, which are among the most stringent in the United States. Metro, the area's regional government in charge of long-range planning, has designated certain locations as regional centers where increased density and development are to occur. A logical question is whether or not these centers are developing as intended; do Metro's plans match reality on the ground? This study of Washington County, Oregon analyzes land value, building volume, road intersection density, and public transportation availability using ArcGIS to locate potential regional centers in the county to answer that question. Subjective criteria are used during field visits to these locations to determine whether potential centers identified in the ArcGIS analysis are truly regional centers. Change over time is analyzed from 2000 to 2010 to see if the variables mentioned above contribute to regional center development. This study's results show Metro's designated regional centers are, in fact, regional centers or emerging regional centers using the above criteria, meaning this aspect of Metro's plans do match reality on the ground. Commercial land value tends to be the strongest indicator of regional centeredness. This study's findings aid in the understanding of urban areas. They help urban planners in their efforts to create viable plans that accommodate population growth and future development.

No description available.

The theme of the thesis is to propose urban efficient comfortable living in a quiet natural environment between the original settlement of Líšná and the panel housing estate from the 1980s. The design of the new residential complex will be in line with the current trends and needs of healthy living.