The thesis presents a development of J. L. Austin's analysis of truth and its accompanying analysis of sentence structure. This involves a discussion and refinement of Austin's notions of the demonstrative and descriptive conventions of language and of the demonstrative and descriptive devices of sentences. The main point of the thesis is that ordinary language must be treated as an historical phenomenon: one that has evolved its more complex features through a long series of variations upon a small number of rudimentary conventions and locutions. The utility of Austin's analysis is shown to lie in the description that it provides of the functions of these rudimentary conventions and locutions. The analysis is used to illuminate a number of problematic sentences and expressions of ordinary language, including identity sentences, definite descriptions, existential sentences, and conditionals.

This thesis examines Ezra Pound's linguistic theory in relation to literary, philosophical and academic treatments of language in the modernist period. Pound is a central figure in the history of twentieth century literature, and his poetic career marks a sustained engagement with questions of how language can register thought, how it can transmit and communicate images, and, ultimately, how language is able to mediate between artists (or, indeed, language speakers as a whole) and the world. I read Pound's statements on language against the disciplinary history of linguistics, assessing the extent to which his positions are representative of his period, or, conversely, the ways in which they form part of an idiosyncratic worldview. My approach is broadly historical. I begin with Pound's educational background, and move chronologically through his career to the concluding passages of his Cantos. I investigate the extent to which Pound's critical writing engages with new departures taking place in linguistics in the late nineteenth century and the early part of the twentieth century. The scope of my investigation ranges from the legacy of nineteenth century philology to the approaches taken by William Dwight Whitney, Michel Bréal, and Ferdinand de Saussure, to name but a few, in focusing linguistic scholarship on synchronic study of language as function in the early twentieth century, to Franz Boas's and Edward Sapir's studies in the relationship between language and culture between 1910 and 1939. In situating Pound in relation to the history of linguistics as a discipline, I argue that his work asks some of the period's most apposite questions about language and culture, even if his conclusions differ from the dominant academic positions of the time.

This thesis describes how Eliot's concern for language and form finds roots in early twentieth century language philosophy. It also explores the way Eliot's early philosophical themes concerning language and meaning reemerge in his literary criticism and philosophical poetry during the 1920s and 1930s, and in his more explicitly philosophical Four Quartets. More significantly, this thesis historically elucidates Eliot's debt to the philosophies of Edmund Husserl and Bertrand Russell, reframing his philosophy within the two poles of the "Linguistic Turn". By closely examining Eliot's unpublished and only recently published essays and notes, the thesis unearths probable connections between Eliot's own philosophical interests and his later poetics, redefining his legacy as a prototypical modernist poet, and suggesting a new framework of study for scholars and students of literary modernism.

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Orientador: Cesar Apareciddo Nunes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T17:28:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maggi_Luiz_M.pdf: 696455 bytes, checksum: c74cc0baaa5d798fdf958ba60c13671e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender o funcionamento da linguagem e o seu papel estruturante na formulação de falas, textos e discursos acerca do processo de utilização da tecnologia pela Educação, tomando o contexto amplo formado pela sociedade e pela sua evolução histórica e econômica, a partir de referenciais da filosofia da linguagem. Para tal realizou-se uma análise crítica acerca dos fundamentos filosóficos e epistemológicos das concepções de homem, sociedade e mundo de um conjunto de textos, relatórios de pesquisas e outros materiais, procurando revelar a forma como os discursos se estruturam em textos especializados; se tais textos levam em consideração as relações sociais existentes, a evolução histórica de seu objeto de pesquisa e o fato de que esses fatores são determinantes para o modo como se dá a apropriação do conhecimento. Partiu-se do principio de que a formação da moderna sociedade capitalista, que trata as relações sociais como mercadoria, permitindo o acesso a essas somente para aqueles indivíduos que podem adquiri-las mediante transferência de capital, também se manifesta na esfera educacional, onde o uso da tecnologia, embora visto como uma necessidade da atualidade, segue o mesmo padrão estrutural. Com base nesse princípio geral buscou-se mostrar que as pesquisas relacionadas ao uso do computador e da tecnologia, ao utilizarem outros referenciais que não os que se preocupam com as relações sociais subjacentes, tecem discursos acerca das relações dessas com a Educação que corroboram concepções comprometidas com um posicionamento ideológico filiado à manutenção das atuais relações sociais, próximos de uma concepção de Educação que a vê como mais um elemento que compõe o mercado. Para a realização do presente trabalho de pesquisa utilizou-se referenciais da filosofia da linguagem e da matemática que, apesar de apresentarem contextos e formulações diferentes, convergem em diversos aspectos de interesse para o tratamento do problema principal / Abstract: This research have main know the language funcionality and their structurant role in the construction of words, texts and speeches about the process of Education technology utilization, taking a whole context made by society, their historic and economic evolution, from philosophy language references. For it wil be made a critical analisis about the philosopfics and epistemologics foundations, the concepcions of man, society and world from a set of texts, reseachs reports and others materials, finding to reveal the way that the speeches about the matter to get itself organized in especialized texts, if take in consideration the existings socials relation, the historical evolution of their object of research and the fact of that factors are determiny for the way as to hapen the apropriation of knowledg and the utilization of necessary mecanisms. Starting from the principle of that formation of modern capitalist society, that deal the social relations as goods, to allow the access to it only for those individuals that can acquire it througt the capital transfer, also to demonstrete into educational area, where the use of tecnology, althought see as a cuurenty necessity, follow the same structural model. With grounds in these general principle search showm that the relationed researches about the use of computers and tecnology, that use others referencials that not the that to worry about the social relations implicits, making speeches about the relations of theses and the education that support conceptions agreemented with ideological position joined to maintenance of actual social relations, close of an education conception as more an element that consist the market. For the realization that resarch work will be use language philosophy and mathematics referencials that, althougt present some differents interpretations, converge in various aspects of interest for the tratament of main problem of this research work / Mestrado / Historia, Filosofia e Educação / Mestre em Educação

Orientador: João Carlos Kfouri Quartim de Moraes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T14:49:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cabral_JoaoFranciscoPereira_M.pdf: 685456 bytes, checksum: 563ae54b9bda304646263f21db4dd77d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: No diálogo Crátilo, Platão opõe às duas teses extremas, naturalista e convencionalista, uma síntese entre estas que permita conceber a origem da relação ónoma-ón, isto é, entre o nome e a coisa para empregar com justeza os nomes e, mais tarde, compreender a função desta relação no ato de conhecer. O presente trabalho tem duas finalidades: a primeira consiste em esboçar a concepção de linguagem em Platão e a segunda, que complementa a primeira e lhe é concomitante, procura mostrar como as idéias surgem na estrutura da linguagem de modo que fundamente um falar verdadeiro, embora somente aproximativo, como veremos, devido à impossibilidade de identidade plena entre os logoí e os objetos / Abstract: On Cratylus dialogue, Plato opposed to two extremes theses, naturalist and conventionalist, a synthesis that allows to conceive the origin of the relation onoma / ón, ie, between the name and the thing (to employ the names justly), and later to understand the function of this relation in the act of knowing. This work has two purposes: the first consists in sketch the concept of language in Plato, and secondly, complementing the first and is concomitant to it, attempts to show how ideas arise on language's structure in order to fundament a truly speaking, even approximate, as we will see, due to the impossibility of full identity between logoi and objects / Mestrado / Filosofia / Mestre em Filosofia

This dissertation discusses and analyses Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin's conscious strategy of self-fashioning and reinvention, which is realised in his life and supported by the theoretical constructs contained in his Collected Works. It addresses the ambiguities and uncertainties in Bakhtin's life and work and uses two aspects of his philosophical approach and constructs to explicate these inconsistencies: his theory of identity and his theory of language. The analytical tools used to arrive at this conclusion include the notion of reflexivity (using Bakhtin's own theoretical constructs to analyse incidents in his life, and in turn, using those incidents to illustrate the concepts he developed). Theoretical support for Bakhtin's self-fashioning is provided by Fitzpatrick's theory of reinvention through impersonation and imposture in Revolutionary Russia. Bakhtin's theory of identity (expressed in his Nietzsche-influenced concept of the mask and its associated concept of travesty) supports this reinvention. Bakhtin's notion of double-voicedness, supported by his linguistic theories of interdiscursivity, heteroglossia and the utterance reinforce these two lines of thought. Bakhtin's two figures of speech: the word with a 'backward glance' and the word with a 'loophole' encapsulate this convergence of theory and life. These two constructs are brought into sharp relief when illuminated by Wittgenstein's theory of language-games, Austin's concept of performativity and Benveniste's formulation of deixis. The overarching metaphor for this dissertation is the Classical Greek concept of metis, or 'cunning intelligence', a concept that is instantiated in the way in which Bakhtin framed the narrative of his life and the manner in which he performed his work. The dissertation concludes that Bakhtin evolved a multi-threaded philosophy which was self-consistent in the way in which it addressed the creation of identity, the expression of language and the performance of life and work through the metaphor of metis.

According to the Encoding Model, speakers communicate by encoding the propositions they want to communicate into sentences, in accordance with the conventions of a language L. By uttering a sentence that encodes p, the speaker says that p. Communication is successful only if the audience identifies the proposition that the speaker intends to communicate, which is achieved by decoding the uttered sentence in accordance with the conventions of L. A consequence of the Encoding Model has been the proliferation of underdetermination arguments, each of which concludes against some linguistic theory T, on the grounds that, were T true, audiences would be unable to know what was said by utterances of some particular linguistic form, and therefore unable to know what speakers intended to communicate by these utterance. The result, if we accept the conclusion of these arguments, is radical restriction of the domain of viable linguistic theory. This Thesis defends an alternative model according to which there need be nothing encoded in an uttered sentence – nothing that is said by its utterance – for the audience to retrieve. Rather, there are indefinitely many ways to interpret uttered sentences – indefinitely many routes to the propositions that speaker intend to communicate – which proceed through different interpretations of what is said.

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Please read the abstract in the section 08summary, of this document / Dissertation (MA (Philosophy))--University of Pretoria, 2001. / Philosophy / unrestricted