<p>This report describes a project carried out in cooperation with Klippan Safety AB. The purpose of this project has been to develop a product that facilitates the living area in a truck cabin for the customers. To be able to develop, in a structured way, that kind of product, the project has been based on different product development theories. The project contained of following parts: marketing research, product generation, product evaluation and prototyping. </p><p>After information from the marketing research and discussions with the company, the decision was made that the task was going to consist an improvement of the existing product referred to as 'the comfort module'. This product is a bed module with extra storage, a washbasin with flowing water among other things. Further investigations showed that there is a need for a bed with variable width for the comfort module, to ease the use and increase comfort. After some time, it appeared that the difficulty in this project was going to be to develop a mattress to be adjustable in width. With this in mind, and the fact that the time was running out, the project only came to consider development of the mattress. During the generation of concepts, the work had to be divided into two parts: mattress filling and mattress clothing. </p><p>For the expandable part of the mattress filling, the material IntelliGel was brought to light. The properties of this material were considered to fulfil many of the requirements that were set. But it has been difficulties to receive IntelliGel, and because of that the part of the mattress was missing in the result. Alternative solutions were searched for and proposal work has been given. The construction of the prototype has therefore been focused on manufacture the mattress clothing, where a few variants have been sewn and tested. To be able to test them properly, a testing frame has been used.</p><p>The result came to be a mattress clothing with variable width, and the prototype showed how it worked together with a foam mattress in the testing frame of different bed widths. The finished prototype appears to have development possibilities, where a fully functional solution estimates to be possible. The conclusions and experiences that have been made from this project could therefore be helpful in further work.</p>

This report describes a project carried out in cooperation with Klippan Safety AB. The purpose of this project has been to develop a product that facilitates the living area in a truck cabin for the customers. To be able to develop, in a structured way, that kind of product, the project has been based on different product development theories. The project contained of following parts: marketing research, product generation, product evaluation and prototyping. After information from the marketing research and discussions with the company, the decision was made that the task was going to consist an improvement of the existing product referred to as 'the comfort module'. This product is a bed module with extra storage, a washbasin with flowing water among other things. Further investigations showed that there is a need for a bed with variable width for the comfort module, to ease the use and increase comfort. After some time, it appeared that the difficulty in this project was going to be to develop a mattress to be adjustable in width. With this in mind, and the fact that the time was running out, the project only came to consider development of the mattress. During the generation of concepts, the work had to be divided into two parts: mattress filling and mattress clothing. For the expandable part of the mattress filling, the material IntelliGel was brought to light. The properties of this material were considered to fulfil many of the requirements that were set. But it has been difficulties to receive IntelliGel, and because of that the part of the mattress was missing in the result. Alternative solutions were searched for and proposal work has been given. The construction of the prototype has therefore been focused on manufacture the mattress clothing, where a few variants have been sewn and tested. To be able to test them properly, a testing frame has been used. The result came to be a mattress clothing with variable width, and the prototype showed how it worked together with a foam mattress in the testing frame of different bed widths. The finished prototype appears to have development possibilities, where a fully functional solution estimates to be possible. The conclusions and experiences that have been made from this project could therefore be helpful in further work.

This study aimed at defining useful guidelines for the design of an armored truck cab. Particularly, the quality and performance of ballistic steel were defined, considering not too high demanding requirements. Two steel grades, corresponding to hardness of 500 HB and 600 HB, and three different suppliers were selected. After dividing the truck cab into main areas, a FEM simulation was performed. The investigated model considered a specific standardized threat to impact against a double layer steel protection. Due to the high strain rates involved, the formation of adiabatic shear bands has been observed. However, the main purpose of the model was to find an ultimate thickness protection layout of armored steel plates. Thereby, the thicknesses to be attributed to the various components of the main areas could be estimated. Two alternatives were therefore hypothesized: the first considering the critical thickness case of penetration, and the second, an oversized version, supposed to be more resistant to penetration. It was thus possible to estimate the weight of the truck cab for the two above mentioned alternatives, and verify such hypothesized weight complied with the assigned requirement. A possible cutting operation was then considered in order to optimize the use of the steel plates. An estimation of the pre-series production costs of was finally derived. / Denna studie gjorde det möjligt att definiera användbara indikatorer och följa en möjlig multitasking-strategi för utformningen av en bepansrad lastbilshytt. Fallstudien syftade till att definiera kvalitet och prestanda av stål, vilket är ett av de vanligaste materialen för skydd, främst i de fall där kraven inte är så stora. Två stålkvaliteter motsvarande hårdhetsvärdena 500 HB och 600 HB valdes från var och en av tre materialleverantörer. Efter att ha delat upp truckhytten i några huvudområden startades en FEM-simulering med programvara från Impetus Afea. Modellen behandlade ett specifikt hot som var större än det önskade kravet på ett dubbelskiktsskydd. På grund av de inblandade höga deformationshastigheterna har bildningen av adiabatiska skjuvband observerats. Huvudsyftet med modellen var emellertid att hitta en ultimat skyddslayout för tjockleken, så att de tjocklekar som skulle tillskrivas de olika komponenterna i huvudområdena kunde härledas. Två alternativ antogs därför, det ena med tanke på den ultimata tjockleken och den andra med tanke på en skyddslayout som antas vara mer motståndskraftig mot penetrering. Det var således möjligt att uppskatta hyttens vikt för de två alternativen och kontrollera att den uppfyllde de fastställda kraven. Därefter övervägdes en möjlig skäroperation för att optimera användandet av de tillgängliga stålplattorna.

The purpose of this thesis work is to improve the perceived climate comfort in larger truck cabins since the European commission’s new stronger carbon dioxide standards have introduced an update to the EU 96/53 directive. This directive increases the dimensions and weights of heavy truck motor vehicles, extending the driver’s cabin length by 500 mm in order to increment the truck’s energy efficiency and aerodynamics. This update was seen also as an enabler to improve the truck driver’s performance, comfort and preference towards Scania. Since the cabin of the truck is to be considered the place where the driver spends the most of its time, ensuring the driver’s comfort when resting inside means to ensure the accomplishment of their labor safely. One system used to provide comfort in the cabin when resting is the climate control unit. This unit creates an inner climate controlled environment by providing warm or cool air through an installed Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system. In order to introduce a new auxiliary unit, the design thinking methodology was chosen. This allowed to ground the proposed concepts on the actual needs of the final users. Based on their input, the aforementioned concepts were analyzed and downsized in order to prototype and test the selected ones. The final concepts of a 500 mm larger cabin were tested in a climate chamber under warm and cold conditions: 37°C and -15°C respectively. Then, these concepts were compared against the short cabin (current cabin) and the 500 mm larger cabin without any mounted prototype. During each test, a thermal manikin was placed in the cabin’s bed in order to obtain not only temperature readings, but also the estimated comfort that the user would sense under these circumstances. As it could be expected, the 500 mm larger cabin without any added concept presented a temperature degradation of the current HVAC system compared to the short cabin. The areas of temperature concentration (warm or cold) were identified, being the rear wall of the cabin the most affected. The implementation of the concepts compared to the larger cabin gave positive results, reducing the time to reach the set temperature in the HVAC system controls in both warm and cold environments. The analysis of the results lead to the conclusion that the enlargement of a truck creates a need to maintain or improve the behavior of its HVAC system. The implementation of an auxiliary unit to the main system in the rear of the cabin showed not only temperature enhancements, but also a thermal comfort improvement for the user, allowing it to rest and therefore, to fulfill its tasks with the best mental and physical conditions. / Syftet med det här examensarbetet är att förbättra den upplevda klimatkomforten i större lastbilshytter sedan EU-kommissionens nya hårdare koldioxidstandarder har medfört en uppdatering av EU-direktivet 96/53. Detta direktiv ökar dimensionerna och vikterna för tunga lastbilar och förlänger förarhyttens längd med 500 mm för att öka lastbilens energieffektivitet och aerodynamik. Denna uppdatering sågs också som en möjlighet att förbättra lastbilschaufförens prestation, komfort och inställning till Scania. Eftersom lastbilshytten är den plats där föraren tillbringar den största delen av sin tid, är det viktigt att säkerställa förarens komfort när han eller hon vilar i hytten för att kunna utföra sitt arbete på ett säkert sätt. Ett system som används för att ge föraren komfort när han eller hon vilar i hytten är klimatenhet. Denna enhet skapar en inre klimatkontrollerad miljö genom att tillföra varm eller kall luft via ett installerat HVAC-system (Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning). För att introducera ett nytt hjälpenhet valdes metodiken design thinking. Detta gjorde det möjligt för de föreslagna koncepten att baseras på de faktiska behoven hos de slutliga användarna. Baserat på deras input, gjordes analyser av de tidigare nämnda koncepten för att sedan välja ut, prototypa och testa de utvalda. De slutliga koncepten med en 500 mm större hytt testades i en klimatkammare under varma och kalla förhållanden: 37°C respektive -15°C. Därefter jämfördes dessa koncept med den korta hytten (nuvarande hytt) och den 500 mm större hytten utan någon monterad prototyp. Under varje test placerades en klimatdocka i hyttens säng för att inte bara få temperaturavläsningar, utan också den uppskattade komfort som användaren skulle känna under dessa omständigheter. Som väntat uppvisade den 500 mm större hytten utan något extra koncept en temperaturförsämring av det nuvarande HVAC-systemet jämfört med den korta hytten. Områdena med varm eller kall temperatur identifierades och kabinens bakre vägg var den som påverkades mest. Implementeringen av koncepten jämfört med den större hytten gav positiva resultat, vilket minskade tiden för att nå den inställda temperaturen för HVAC-systemet i både varma och kalla miljöer. Analysen av resultaten ledde till slutsatsen att förstoringen av en lastbil skapar ett behov av att bibehålla eller förbättra beteendet hos dess HVAC-system. Implementeringen av en hjälpenhet till huvudsystemet i den bakre delen av hytten visade inte bara temperaturförbättringar, men också en förbättring av klimatkomforten för användaren, vilket gör att föraren den kan vila och därmed utföra sina uppgifter med de bästa mentala och fysiska förutsättningarna.