No description available.

No description available.

Diss. Linköping : Univ., 2004.

This research deals with an evaluation of the standard form procurement contracts in the South African Police Services ,which is a government department. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2019. / Private Law / LLM / Unrestricted

The Insurance Law 1995 (PRC) is the first comprehensive insurance legislation since the foundation of the People's Republic of China in 1949. It consists of insurance contract law and insurance regulation. This study concerns only the insurance contract law, focusing on three fundamental principles, namely the principles of insurable interest, utmost good faith, and subrogation. The main theme of this study is that, through examination and analysis, and by comparative methodology, of the provisions relating to the three principles, problems in these provisions are to be found and recommendations on how to amend them are to be proposed. It is intended this study will also help us to understand other similar problems in the whole Chinese insurance contract law. Many concepts adopted in the Insurance Law (PRC) are English in origin. This research attempts to trace the origin and the evolution of these concepts in England and to seek their real meanings in order to find and solve problems of confusions, ambiguities, contradictions and unfairness in Chinese insurance law. The Australian Insurance Contracts Act 1984 codifies the common law and insurance practice in Australia and mitigates the common law for its harshness to consumers and is regarded as a model for insurance law reform. So many Australian approaches are suggested as suitable to follow in order to amend Chinese law. This thesis starts with a brief introduction stressing the purpose and methodology of this research. Then the background is laid down concerning China's politics, economic reform, legal system and the development of China's insurance industry, under which the Insurance Law has been shaped. This is followed by three chapters - the main part of this study dealing with the three fundamental principles of the insurance contract law by examining and comparing the Chinese approach with the English and Australian counterparts. By doing so, problems in the Insurance Law are identified and better solutions are figured out. This research concludes with an emphasis on the urgency for amendment of the Chinese insurance contact law by summarising the preceding examination and analysis of the three principles. It finally ends with a number of proposed amendments of relevant provisions of the Insurance Law which it is hoped will provide useful models for the improvement of the whole Chinese insurance law.

The modern role of the law of contract imposes a duty on the state to regulate the way individuals treat each other in the marketplace as part of fulfilling its social role. This thesis investigates the situation of contractual justice under Shariah and English law. It tests the extent to which contractual justice is protected under Shariah and English laws of contract. It indicates that the English law of contract is focused on the absolute sanctity of contract (in its classical form) and economic efficiency (in its modern form). On the other hand, the Shariah law of contract is governed by the general principle that gain comes only from labour and stresses the importance of the equivalence of counter-values. It reveals that while contractual justice under the English law of contract is procedurally oriented, it is substantively oriented under the Shariah law of contract. Additionally, the thesis also discusses the role of the law of consumer protection in pursuing contractual justice. While the consumer is protected under the English law by legislative control, the Shariah law of contract, which was the product of the seventh and eighth centuries, does not recognise the concept of the consumer. One would accordingly question the legitimacy of the action of protecting consumers in those states (take for example Saudi Arabia) that adopt Shariah as the law of the state. Most of the states, which adopt Shariah either alongside other normative systems or as the entire code, grant some kind of consumer protection measures within the law of contract. The thesis attempts to fill this gap by testing the viability of consumer protection derived from the Shariah law of contract. In doing so, attention is paid to the theoretical and practical aspects of the law. It is revealed that the Shariah law of contract is fit both from a theoretical and a practical perspective to serve the aims of consumer protection. The outcomes of the research should guide and enhance the legitimacy of consumer protection measures in Shariah-ruled countries.

i Název diplomové práce v anglickém jazyce Contract for health care under the Civil Code Abstract This master thesis discusses a contract for health care under the Civil Code. A contract for health care was established as a new nominate contract type on the 1st of January 2014, as the Civil Code Act 89/2012 Sb. became effective. Considering the importance and wide use of the contract, it is staggering how the public knowledge about this topic is insufficiently low. The aim of this thesis is to generally introduce the topic and analyse its individual aspects. The thesis also draws attention to potential interpretation issues and legislative imperfections or ambiguities. The theoretical angle is suitably being supported by practical examples, which contribute to the overall understanding of the topic as well as make the explanation clearer. This paper gives an elementary explanation of relations between the Civil Code as a general act and special acts. To provide the best possible picture of the contract type, author likewise mentions a brief historical background and relevant elementary international law relations. Thereto the thesis includes an excursus to the English law, specifically to a patient's consent. Regarding the contract for health care under the Civil Code itself, the paper gives an...

1 New institutions of inheritance law in comparison with the Swiss law Abstract The new legislation of the civil code no 89/2012, brings major changes to the Czech inheritance law. Institutes, that has been traditionally part of most of the European countries has been after decades reintroduced into the Czech legal system. Moreover there are also institutes, which are completely new. These institutes are namely inheritance contract, legacy, renouncement of inheritance, surrender of inheritance, alienation of inheritance and codicil. This thesis aims to describe these institutes in detail, including their historical background. The new inheritance law legislation has been mostly influenced by the legislation effective in Czechoslovakia during 1920s and 1930s, meaning ABGB - the Austrian Civil code enacted in 1811. Also parts of the draft of a new civil code from 1937 were used as a template, as well as current civil codes of other European countries, as for example the German BGB or the Swiss ZGB. For the purpose of a legal comparison, this thesis contains also a brief description of the Swiss legislation concerning the above mentioned institutes.

<p>The swedish law of contract is fundamental within several civil law areas, among others labour law. The labour law contains more explicit legislation specificly adapted to the relation between employers and employees. Sometimes the labour law needs to rely on more general regulations, such as the law of contract. When the situation contains a specific contract relation dilemma it is logical to use the law of contract, when for example the law of employee protection does not reach an acceptabel solution.</p><p>Transfer of undertaking is a situation were the employee protection is disregarded. The Euro directive 2001/23/EG prescribes, by its implemented rules in the law of employee protection, that rights and duties, such as employement agreements, passes on to the earner of the business. The employee also has the right to oppose a new employement situation which follows by the 6 b § 4 piece law of employee protection.</p><p>Transfer of undertaking is becoming common i todays business life why it is important to analyse and clear the meaning of the transfer, from a labour law and contract law perspective. To make a contract law interpretation of what it means to leave an answer regarding a further employment is something that can involve more than as an employee oppose a continued employment. What includes the transfer of undertaking situation for an employee, in a contract law perspective? That is a question that summarizes the main purpose of this essay. My choise is to interpretate the law of contract restrictive to avoid a too general or wide meaning of the law.</p>

The swedish law of contract is fundamental within several civil law areas, among others labour law. The labour law contains more explicit legislation specificly adapted to the relation between employers and employees. Sometimes the labour law needs to rely on more general regulations, such as the law of contract. When the situation contains a specific contract relation dilemma it is logical to use the law of contract, when for example the law of employee protection does not reach an acceptabel solution. Transfer of undertaking is a situation were the employee protection is disregarded. The Euro directive 2001/23/EG prescribes, by its implemented rules in the law of employee protection, that rights and duties, such as employement agreements, passes on to the earner of the business. The employee also has the right to oppose a new employement situation which follows by the 6 b § 4 piece law of employee protection. Transfer of undertaking is becoming common i todays business life why it is important to analyse and clear the meaning of the transfer, from a labour law and contract law perspective. To make a contract law interpretation of what it means to leave an answer regarding a further employment is something that can involve more than as an employee oppose a continued employment. What includes the transfer of undertaking situation for an employee, in a contract law perspective? That is a question that summarizes the main purpose of this essay. My choise is to interpretate the law of contract restrictive to avoid a too general or wide meaning of the law.