nÃo hà / Este trabalho de dissertaÃÃo tem como tema a utilizaÃÃo de ferramentas da InformÃtica Educativa como instrumento pedagÃgico no estudo da Eletricidade em uma perspectiva de aprendizagem significativa, tal trabalho se constitui um estudo de caso, onde o universo de pesquisa à o quantitativo de 20 alunos que cursam o 3 ano do Ensino MÃdio de uma escola pÃblica denominada EEFM Prof PlÃcido Aderaldo Castelo situada no Conjunto CearÃ, periferia de Fortaleza. Este estudo teve o intuito de analisar a utilizaÃÃo e a importÃncia de algumas ferramentas provenientes da InformÃtica Educativa como instrumento de apoio ao aprendizado de Eletricidade na disciplina de FÃsica no Ensino MÃdio. Com essa pesquisa foi possÃvel fazer um breve apanhado histÃrico sobre InformÃtica Educativa, foi possÃvel tambÃm mostrar vÃrias formas de inserir o computador na educaÃÃo e principalmente no ensino de FÃsica, mostrando tambÃm as dificuldades para esta inserÃÃo, foi mostrado neste estudo tambÃm as principais caracterÃsticas da aprendizagem significativa de David Ausubel. Para isso foi feito um levantamento da bibliografia referente à InformÃtica Educativa e seus instrumentais. O referencial teÃrico foi elaborado a partir das contribuiÃÃes de autores pessoais e autor entidade, compreendendo: Brasil (1996, 2002); Breton (1991); Fiolhais e Trindade (2003); Valente (1999); Vidal et al (2002a, 2002b, 2002c, 2002d, 2002e), Moreira e Masini (2001) dentre outros. No estudo de caso foi feita uma pesquisa inicial com o intuito de diagnosticar o nÃvel de conhecimento sobre alguns assuntos da Eletricidade, mais especificamente da eletrodinÃmica e tambÃm verificar a motivaÃÃo dos alunos para com a disciplina de FÃsica, vale ressaltar que atà entÃo as aulas de FÃsica eram todas ministradas em sala de aula sem o uso de nenhum recurso proveniente da InformÃtica Educativa. Em seguida foram dadas 02 (duas) aulas de Eletricidade no laboratÃrio de informÃtica utilizando uma abordagem significativa e se utilizando de ferramentas da InformÃtica Educativa, como objeto de aprendizagem, Softwares Educativos e blog contendo um podcast e no final foi pedido aos estudantes que novamente respondessem outro questionÃrio. Tal questionÃrio tem a finalidade de constatar se tais ferramentas contribuÃram para a melhoria na aprendizagem e na motivaÃÃo desses estudantes com os estudos de Eletricidade atravÃs de recursos da InformÃtica Educativa. No primeiro questionÃrio ficou constatado que a maioria dos alunos estavam insatisfeitos com o seu nÃvel de aprendizagem e tambÃm com os recursos utilizados para ensinar Eletricidade. Tal insatisfaÃÃo jà nÃo mais foi constatada quando da aplicaÃÃo de ferramentas provenientes da InformÃtica no laboratÃrio de InformÃtica. / The theme of this research is the use of educational informatics tools as a pedagogic device for the study of electricity in a significant learning perspective. This research is the analysis of a case consisting of twenty students that attend a secondary education third grade in a public school named EEFM Prof PlÃcido Aderaldo Castelo located on Conjunto CearÃ, outs kirts of Fortaleza. The central interest of this study was to analyse the use and importance of some tools deriving from educational informatics as a supporting tool for the learning of electricity in the physics subject on secondary education. The bibliographical collecting gave me the opportunity to make a short historical gathering on educational informatics showing different ways of inserting the computer in education, chiefly in the teaching of physics, and besides the difficulties to achieve this insertion, show the main characteristics of David Auseubelâs significant learning. The theoretical points were elaborated from the contributions of personal authors an official, including: Brasil (1996, 2002); Breton (1991); Fiolhais e Trindade (2003); Valente (1999); Vidal et al (2002a, 2002b, 2002c, 2002d, 2002e), Moreira e Masini (2001), among others. In the study of the case, an initial research was made with the intention of knowing the knowledge level on some electricity subjects, especially electrodynamic, as well as verifying the studentsâ motivation for physics â itâs worth saying that up to that moment physics classes were all given without the use of any resource from the educational informatics. After this two classes of electricity subject were given in the laboratory of informatics using educational informatics tools with focus on learning, educational softwares and a blog containing a podcast, at the end students were as kectto answer another questionnaire. Such questionnaire has the purspose of verifying whether such tools have contributed to improve the referred studentsâ learning and motivation about the studies of electricity by means of educational informatics devices. The first questionnaire showed that most of the students were dissatisfied with both their level of learning and the devices used to teach electricity. Otherwise, such dissatisfaction was not noticed when informatics tools were used in the laboratory of informatics.

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo compreender as apropriações da atual política educacional de inclusão de alunos com necessidades especiais em classes regulares da rede estadual paulista. Para tanto, foi entrevistada uma educadora com experiência em educação especial e educação regular e que, em sua história profissional, já revelava disposição em incluir alunos usualmente tidos como inaptos a freqüentar as classes regulares. A partir do campo de relações entre Política de Educação Pública, História da Educação Especial Brasileira e história laboral da entrevistada, a análise do depoimento revela que a atual política de inclusão de alunos com necessidades especiais acaba por repor a exclusão escolar, principalmente, no interior das próprias instituições de ensino. A consciência contraditória da depoente aponta ainda para a constante ameaça de sufocamento da percepção das condições objetivas em que se dá a referida política. / The objective of this research is to reach and understanding of the appropriation of current educational practice regarding the inclusion of special needs students in regular classes in the São Paulo state education system. Therefore, I have interviewed a teacher with experience teaching both special needs and regular students, and from her experience, she revealed a willingness to include students normally considered to have disabilities in her regular classes. With regards the related fields of the public education system, the history of special needs education in Brazil and her professional experience, the analysis of her statement reveals that the current practice of the inclusion of students with special needs results in their exclusion from regular classes, principally, within the education system itself. Her contradictory opinion still points to the constant threat of suffocating the perception of the aforementioned practice.

The diploma thesis is focused on the topic of managing classes at the first and second level of elementary school in non standard conditions. Specifically, the COVID-19 pandemic. The restrictions which prohibited physical attendance of children in schools required a change in teaching and a necessity to by flexible in reacting to the crisis measures. Distance learning was a new form of learning for teachers, the pupils and their parents alike. The theoretical portion explains views on guidance of the classroom, discusses the school classroom and the specifics of the first and second level of elementary school. Managing a classroom is a demanding field and there is no general united guide to a functional approach. The teacher perfects themselves through experience and decides on their own what strategies to use. The last chapter of the theoretical portion describes the pandemic and characterizes distance learning. It goes into detail on the situation in the Czech Republic and offers an overview of arisen platforms that should provide communication aid not only for teachers. The practical portion, with the support of a semi-structured interview, helps clarify two suppositions, names critical points of online teaching and offers possibilities that teachers can use for the possible return of such...

The aim of this thesis is to describe the conception of English language teaching at high schools in Spain. In the theoretical part the Spanish educational system is presented. It focuses on secondary level education, English teaching and the target competencies. The practical part collects and evaluates the results of my research of teaching English at two different public high schools that I have gained by my own observation and interviews with Spanish teachers. The research is primarily focused on the teaching methods and techniques, the assessment of pupils and the student´s approach to learning English. Next to the results of research there is my own critical analysis.