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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Conhecimentos tradicionais : direito ? prote??o e prote??o aos direitos

Costa, Sebasti?o Patr?cio Mendes da 31 July 2017 (has links)
Submitted by PPG Direito (ppgdir@pucrs.br) on 2017-09-29T12:47:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SEBASTIAO_PATRICIO_MENDES_DA COSTA_TES.pdf: 1738831 bytes, checksum: 3dba20d33d4e76c56ac2dae1df8bb09f (MD5) / Rejected by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br), reason: Devolvido devido ? falta de capa institucional no arquivo PDF, e a data de defesa cadastrada na publica??o (30/08/2017) est? diferente da data de defesa que consta na folha de aprova??o da banca (31/07/2017) do arquivo PDF. on 2017-09-29T13:39:07Z (GMT) / Submitted by PPG Direito (ppgdir@pucrs.br) on 2017-10-05T12:25:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SEBASTIAO_PATRICIO_MENDES_DA COSTA_TES.pdf: 1881577 bytes, checksum: d946434e09404d6801eaa7db6b8f8bb1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-10-06T11:35:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SEBASTIAO_PATRICIO_MENDES_DA COSTA_TES.pdf: 1881577 bytes, checksum: d946434e09404d6801eaa7db6b8f8bb1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-06T11:39:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SEBASTIAO_PATRICIO_MENDES_DA COSTA_TES.pdf: 1881577 bytes, checksum: d946434e09404d6801eaa7db6b8f8bb1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The present work addresses cultural rights and seeks to investigate the protection of traditional knowledge. Increased interest in traditional knowledge by multinational biotechnology companies, and by people in developing countries, who use so-called traditional medicine and other traditional knowledge, reinforces the need to protect this knowledge in order to preserve it and to allow a fair distribution of benefits among its holders. Environmental management is also equally favored with the use of traditional knowledge together with scientific knowledge, which help preserving biodiversity. In the democratic regime, the coexistence of different groups reinforces plurality of ideas and cultural diversity. Traditional knowledge is a product of cultural diversity and reflects deep cultural differences, based on the worldviews of distinct social groups. In this work, the effectiveness of the protection of traditional knowledge was investigated through research carried out in an interdisciplinary perspective, using a diversity of sources, in order to understand as fully as possible the protection of culture and traditional knowledge. To this end, the work counted on the contributions of Law and Anthropology, in order to understand the culture and traditional knowledge and to analyze the protection of this knowledge, which is a product of the cultural identity of indigenous peoples and traditional communities. One also considered notions of Economics in order to understand the economic reasons for the interest in this knowledge. The research examined studies by authors from various regions of the world and from different specialties. Among them, the authors of Latin America, especially those of indigenous origin, stand out. The indigenous contribution in research is present at various times and complements the work with the vision of indigenous peoples and traditional communities. After extensive analysis of the protection of traditional knowledge, it was verified that such protection is not effective in Brazil, despite having recent legislation on the subject, even with the various articles of the Federal Constitution that ensure the right to culture and respect for traditional communities and indigenous peoples, even though Brazil is a signatory of relevant international treaties that protect these traditional knowledge and practices. The lack of effective protection of traditional knowledge happens for at least three reasons: 1) For the lack of effective participation of indigenous peoples and traditional communities in public policies and other matters of their interests, as verified during the process of Law no. 13.123/15, the new Brazilian biodiversity law; 2) Brazilian legislation has not concerned itself with indigenous peoples and traditional communities living simultaneously in several countries. It did not even waved to protect the knowledge produced by them or the way in which the benefits would be distributed in that situation; 3) The Brazilian policy of protection of traditional knowledge is unrelated to territorial politics. The territory has a strong connection with the identity of indigenous peoples and traditional communities, and it is there that this knowledge develops. The Brazilian regression in relation to indigenous lands and traditional communities negatively affects the production and transmission of traditional knowledge for future generations. / O presente trabalho aborda direitos culturais e busca investigar a prote??o dos conhecimentos tradicionais. O aumento do interesse pelos conhecimentos tradicionais por empresas multinacionais que trabalham com biotecnologia e pelas popula??es de pa?ses em desenvolvimento, que utilizam a chamada medicina tradicional e os demais conhecimentos tradicionais, refor?a a necessidade de prote??o desses conhecimentos para preserv?-los e permitir uma justa reparti??o dos benef?cios entre seus detentores. A gest?o ambiental ? igualmente favorecida com a utiliza??o de conhecimentos tradicionais juntamente com conhecimentos cient?ficos que auxiliam na preserva??o da biodiversidade. No regime democr?tico, a conviv?ncia de grupos diferentes refor?a a pluralidade de id?ias e a diversidade cultural. Os conhecimentos tradicionais s?o frutos da diversidade cultural e refletem diferen?as culturais profundas, baseadas nas cosmovis?es de grupos sociais distintos. Neste trabalho, investigou-se a efetividade da prote??o dos conhecimentos tradicionais atrav?s de pesquisa realizada na perspectiva interdisciplinar, com a utiliza??o de diversidade de fontes, para se compreender da forma mais completa poss?vel a prote??o da cultura e dos conhecimentos tradicionais. Para isso, o trabalho contou com contribui??es do Direito e da Antropologia para se compreender a cultura e os conhecimentos tradicionais e se analisar a prote??o a esses conhecimentos, frutos da identidade cultural de povos ind?genas e comunidades tradicionais. Considerou tamb?m no??es de Economia para entender as raz?es econ?micas para o interesse nesses conhecimentos. A pesquisa examinou estudos de autores de v?rias regi?es do mundo e de diferentes especialidades. Dentre eles, ressaltam-se os autores da Am?rica Latina, em especial, os de origem ind?gena. A contribui??o ind?gena na pesquisa est? presente em diversos momentos e complementa o trabalho com a vis?o de povos ind?genas e comunidades tradicionais. Ap?s ampla an?lise da prote??o dos conhecimentos tradicionais, verificou-se que tal prote??o n?o ? efetiva no Brasil, apesar de possuir legisla??o recente sobre o tema, mesmo com os diversos artigos da Constitui??o Federal que asseguram o direito ? cultura e o respeito ?s comunidades tradicionais e povos ind?genas, ainda que o Brasil seja signat?rio de relevantes tratados internacionais que protegem esses conhecimentos e pr?ticas tradicionais. A n?o efetividade da prote??o dos conhecimentos tradicionais acontece pelo menos por tr?s motivos: 1) Pela falta de participa??o efetiva dos povos ind?genas e comunidades tradicionais em pol?ticas p?blicas e demais assuntos de seus interesses, como se verificou durante a tramita??o da Lei n. 13.123/15, a nova lei da biodiversidade brasileira; 2) A legisla??o brasileira n?o se preocupou com os povos ind?genas e comunidades tradicionais que vivem simultaneamente em v?rios pa?ses. Nem mesmo acenou para proteger os conhecimentos produzidos por eles ou para a forma que se daria a reparti??o dos benef?cios nessa situa??o; 3) A pol?tica brasileira de prote??o aos conhecimentos tradicionais ? desatrelada da pol?tica territorial. O territ?rio tem forte liga??o com a identidade de povos ind?genas e comunidades tradicionais e ? nele que esses conhecimentos se desenvolvem. O retrocesso brasileiro em rela??o ?s terras ind?genas e de comunidades tradicionais afeta negativamente a produ??o e a transmiss?o dos conhecimentos tradicionais para as gera??es futuras. Palavras-chave: Biodiversidade. Conhecimentos tradicionais. Direitos

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