Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Zürich.

Submitted by William Justo Figueiro (williamjf) on 2015-07-17T23:28:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 36c.pdf: 2730615 bytes, checksum: 21d0ec2d0e490826e50bd6c4b6bb57e7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-17T23:28:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 36c.pdf: 2730615 bytes, checksum: 21d0ec2d0e490826e50bd6c4b6bb57e7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-30 / Nenhuma / O direito de integração traz consigo novas funcionalidades estatais, fomentadas pela aproximação de seus membros. Uma delas é o estreitamento das relações entre seus poderes judiciários, aumentando a necessidade de melhorar a tramitação de atos judiciais. Esta correspondência passa a ser vista como um procedimento e não mais atos de cortesia internacional. Da mesma maneira, os judiciários devem seguir os procedimentos previstos em suas Constituições nacionais, nas leis internas e nos tratados internacionais. A análise da dúvida do aplicador do direito, no caso o juiz, evidencia como o processo internacional ainda é formado por uma multiplicidade complexa de normas, que deve ser interpretada no sentido de se buscar a eficácia e a economia processuais em detrimento da soberania judiciária, típica do modelo clássico. A pesquisa será conduzida através do método dedutivo, com uso de pesquisa bibliográfica nacional e estrangeira, descrevendo os modelos jurídicos internos dos países-membros do Mercosul e também das normas internacionais, traçando um paralelo com o modelo jurídico europeu. O instrumento processual utilizado para análise crítica são as cartas rogatórias que no Mercosul, tiveram sua função processual ampliada para matérias que antes eram naturais da homologação de sentenças estrangeiras. Tais inovações transformaram as rogatórias em mais importante instrumento processual, enquanto a lide está em curso, mas contrariamente não possui normas processuais claras de como devam ser cumpridas. O tratamento simplista que é dado termina com a criação de uma categoria única de rogatórias, enquanto deveriam haver ao menos três: as rogatórias executórias, de comunicação de atos processuais e de produção de provas. Cada uma delas deveria ter um rito próprio devido à necessidade de se facilitar o curso destas medidas, forçando a repensar o modelo processual vigente e, especificamente, propor algumas mudanças nas normas mercosulinas para harmonizar as normas de processo civil internacional, na tentativa de ordenar a multiplicidade normativa hoje existente. / Regional integration brings with it new State functionalities, stimulated by its members approximation. One of those is the tightening of relations among its judiciaries, amplifying the need to improve the processing of judicial acts. This correspondence turns to be a new due process, not courtesy acts anymore. Similarly, judiciaries must follow the processing must follow its Constitution, its local law, and treaties. The analysis of the question of the operator of law, in this case the judge, shows how the international process still consists of a multitude of complex rules that must be interpreted to seek procedural efficiency and economy at the expense of judicial sovereignty, typical the classical model. The research will be conducted through the deductive method, using national and international literature, describing the internal legal models of Mercosul State Parties and international laws, drawing a parallel with the European legal model. The procedural act used for review are the letters rogatory of Mercosul, which had his role expanded to procedural matters that were by its nature belonged to the foreign judgments. Such innovations transformed letters rogatory in the most important processing act while the procedure is in motion, but on the other hand, it doesn't have clear procedural rules on how it should be fulfilled. The simplistic treatment that is given to the matter, turns to create a new and uniform category of letters rogatory, while they should have at least three: enforcement letters, communication of procedural acts and taking evidence abroad. Each one should have its own procedure by reason of the need to ease the course of these measures, forcing to rethink the current process model and, specifically, to propose some changes in Mercosul laws to harmonize the international civil proceedings in an attempt to order the legal multitude that exists today.

The thesis investigates the extent to which cross-border taking of evidence in civil and com-mercial matters in relation to Switzerland, South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Nigeria, and Uganda is allowed. Such evidence-taking is not only governed by the domestic law of the state seeking evidence abroad and that of the state where the relevant means of proof are located, but also by public international law, and more specifically by the concept of sovereignty. The ad-missibility of the cross-border taking of evidence under public international law depends on whether or not evidence-gathering in civil litigation is regarded as a judicial act, which violates sovereignty when performed on foreign territory, or as a purely private act. In the first case, the evidentiary material has to be obtained through channels of international judicial assistance. Such assistance can either be rendered based on the basis of an international treaty, or through courtoisie internationale. No international judicial assistance is necessary in cases of a so-called “transfer of foreign evidence”, provided no compulsion is applied which infringes the sovereignty of the foreign state. The thesis analyses the taking of evidence abroad based on the Hague Evidence Convention, and the Hague Procedure Convention. It further expounds how evidence located in Switzer-land, Botswana, Namibia, Nigeria, and Uganda can be obtained for the benefit of civil proceed-ings pending abroad in the absence of any relevant international treaty. The thesis also exam-ines under what conditions a litigant in civil proceedings in the aforementioned countries may request evidence to be taken on foreign soil. The position of cross-border taking of evidence in civil and commercial matters in the said countries is assessed, and suggestions are made on how such status quo may be improved. The thesis makes an attempt to establish the basic prin-ciples for a convention on evidence-taking in civil and commercial matters between South Af-rica, Botswana, Namibia, Nigeria, and Uganda. The development of such principles, however, is only possible once the similarities and differences in the procedure for the taking of evidence and the means of proof in the relevant laws of the aforesaid countries have been identified. / Public, Constitutional, & International / LL.D.

The thesis investigates the extent to which cross-border taking of evidence in civil and com-mercial matters in relation to Switzerland, South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Nigeria, and Uganda is allowed. Such evidence-taking is not only governed by the domestic law of the state seeking evidence abroad and that of the state where the relevant means of proof are located, but also by public international law, and more specifically by the concept of sovereignty. The ad-missibility of the cross-border taking of evidence under public international law depends on whether or not evidence-gathering in civil litigation is regarded as a judicial act, which violates sovereignty when performed on foreign territory, or as a purely private act. In the first case, the evidentiary material has to be obtained through channels of international judicial assistance. Such assistance can either be rendered based on the basis of an international treaty, or through courtoisie internationale. No international judicial assistance is necessary in cases of a so-called “transfer of foreign evidence”, provided no compulsion is applied which infringes the sovereignty of the foreign state. The thesis analyses the taking of evidence abroad based on the Hague Evidence Convention, and the Hague Procedure Convention. It further expounds how evidence located in Switzer-land, Botswana, Namibia, Nigeria, and Uganda can be obtained for the benefit of civil proceed-ings pending abroad in the absence of any relevant international treaty. The thesis also exam-ines under what conditions a litigant in civil proceedings in the aforementioned countries may request evidence to be taken on foreign soil. The position of cross-border taking of evidence in civil and commercial matters in the said countries is assessed, and suggestions are made on how such status quo may be improved. The thesis makes an attempt to establish the basic prin-ciples for a convention on evidence-taking in civil and commercial matters between South Af-rica, Botswana, Namibia, Nigeria, and Uganda. The development of such principles, however, is only possible once the similarities and differences in the procedure for the taking of evidence and the means of proof in the relevant laws of the aforesaid countries have been identified. / Public, Constitutional, and International / LL.D.