Esta tese aborda o panorama da construção civil em Campinas, São Paulo, entre fins do século XIX e as três primeiras décadas do século XX, trazendo à tona a produção material de construtores não diplomados, então enquadrados pela legislação como arquitetos licenciados. Apesar de sua intensa atividade, da permanência material de suas obras e da existência de referências documentais do conjunto edificado, tais obras chegaram aos dias de hoje sem autoria conhecida, atribuídas, assim, a construtores anônimos. Uma das vias propostas para discussão baseia-se na análise da extensa documentação reunida no Arquivo Municipal de Campinas, visto que os processos tramitados para obtenção de licenças para construir ou reformar, com respectivos desenhos técnicos, revelam-se exemplares não só da grande atuação que os licenciados tiveram no período mas também da qualidade técnica e formal de suas obras. Por outro lado, propõe-se averiguar como tais licenciados se inseriram, à época, no mercado campineiro da construção civil, revelando os primeiros embates pela regulamentação da profissão e as decorrentes tentativas de desqualificação desses profissionais por parte dos diplomados. Por fim, partindo da cidade real, expressa tanto materialmente quanto na documentação arquivística e aproximando a discussão a problemas contemporâneos, a tese propõe-se a mapear o movimento das ideias e a atuação das personagens envolvidas com a questão da história, da arquitetura e do patrimônio cultural. Pretende-se, com isso, verificar a repercussão do esquecimento desses construtores na historiografia, nas pesquisas acadêmicas e práticas preservacionistas do município e averiguar quais foram os processos e/ou motivos que levaram à reiteração desse esquecimento, dessa vez por meio da consolidação de uma visão monumental e alegórica do patrimônio cultural de Campinas. / This dissertation discusses the building scenery in Campinas City, São Paulo State, Brazil, between the late 19th century and the first three decades of the 20th century. It reveals the production of builders who were not graduated, known by that time as licensed architects. Despite their intense activity, the permanence of their works through time and the existence of archives that document their projects, the licensed architects works are nowadays taken as undetermined authorship. Thus, they are assigned to anonymous builders. This study proposes, on the one hand, a discussion based on the analysis of the extensive documentation located at the Municipal Archive of Campinas. This documentation is composed by building and renovating permit applications, with technical drawings, that reveal not only the extensive production of the licensed architects, but also their works technical and formal qualities. On the other hand, the study investigates licensed architects insertion the construction field. It reveals the first battles towards professional regulation and the consequent disqualification of the licensed by the graduated architects. Finally, from the perspective of the built city, expressed both by its material dimension and by archival documentation, and bringing the discussion to contemporary issues, this work aims to map the movement of the ideas and the actions of the involved actors, relating them to the issues of history, architecture and cultural heritage. Thereby, it intends to verify the echoes of those constructors oblivion within historiography, academic researches and municipal preservation policies. It also intends to investigate the processes and/or reasons that led to the reiteration of this oblivion through the consolidation of a monumental and allegoric perspective of Campinas cultural heritage.

Healthcare organizational stability rests on organizational commitment. This study adds to the literature that demonstrates the mediating effects of empowerment on organizational commitment in a long understudied population of Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) employed full time. Organizational commitment encourages extra role behaviors, paramount in times of decreasing resources such as that facing all sectors of national health care. A 45-item work environment survey was distributed to all registered LPNs employed full time in one state (N = 5486) and 1164 (21%) responded. Data revealed that empowerment is associated with LPN organizational commitment and mediates effects of organizational conflict and trust on commitment to the organization. Further empowerment and organizational climate, especially organizational conflict and trust, matter to full-time LPNs. Results contribute to initial knowledge about linkages to organizational commitment among lower educated and less skilled nurses and have implications for managers in healthcare settings who employ full-time LPNs. LPNs may be more highly valued by scholars in nursing if LPN-sensitive research shows their continued value and cost effectiveness for specific and important organizational outcomes, especially in light of the growing geriatric population that will require increasingly chronic and routine care. As bedside RNs become more highly educated, they may increasingly disdain employment that involves the repetitive, low-risk patient care that LPNs currently provide. There is a real need to better understand the current work environment of those employees responsible for delivering low-risk repetitive healthcare to chronically ill and elderly patients. LPNs are key among those.

There is a shortage of Licensed Independent Social Workers with the Training Supervision Designation (LISW-S) in a county in rural Ohio. If there are not enough LISW-Ss, social workers may not have the ability or opportunity to work independently or gain the supervision needed to become more competent in specific areas of practice. The purpose of this project was to gain a better understanding of why some social workers in rural Ohio decide not to pursue an LISW-S credential, as well as whether there are resources or incentives that might prompt individuals to pursue this credential. This action research project was grounded in systems theory, which helped in identifying interactions among systems that may influence an individual's decision to become an LISW-S. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants (N = 5) from the Ohio Counselor, Social Worker, and Marriage and Family Therapist Board. A focus group was conducted to gather data from Licensed Social Workers. Participants mentioned they did not pursue the credential due to age, their employers not requiring it, being unaware of the added value, and because acquiring the credential was not a personal or a familial priority. The findings from this study may support positive social change at practice and policy levels by helping social workers overcome barriers to achieving the LISW-S credential, which could result in more competent, well-trained social workers who can provide valuable services to consumers. Further research on this topic is suggested to test the possible solutions provided by the participants and the findings of the study.

The profession of nursing is experiencing a shortage of qualified nursing professionals. Hospitals understaffed with nurses are likely to experience several negative consequences including low quality care, which places the health and safety of patients at risk. In order to ensure an effective selection process for hospital nurses, a structured situational interview, developed using a content validation approach, was validated using a criterion-related approach. Interviews that have a high degree of structure consistently demonstrate higher predictive validities with job performance than do interviews with less structure. The structured situational interview in this study had a high degree of structure and was developed after a job analysis was completed. Interviewee responses were evaluated using a behavioral summation scale. The results of the current study confirmed the hypothesis that there would be a positive relationship between nursing student interview scores and Grade Point Average, thus indicating that the structured interview should be useful in the selection of professionals in the field of nursing. However, the observed validity coefficient (r = .29) was lower than expected based on a review of previous research on the criterion-related validity of structured situational interviews. It is recommended that future research with this instrument use a larger sample of nurse incumbents as participants and nurse managers as interviewers. Additional interview items, developed following a content validity approach, would likely increase the reliability and the validity of the interview

The main purpose of the National Water Act 36 of 1998 is to provide for fundamental reform of the law relating to water resources in South Africa. Section 3(1) of the National Water Act 36 of 1998 (NWA) stipulates that the national government, as the public trustee of the nation's water resources, must ensure the protection, use, development, conservation and management of water. Water must also be controlled in a sustainable and fair manner, to the advantage of all persons and in accordance with the national government`s constitutional mandate. Subsection (2) stipulates that the Minister is ultimately responsible to ensure that water is allocated and used in a fair manner, for the benefit of the public interest, while promoting environmental values. Subsection (3) further stipulates that the national government also has to regulate the use, flow and control of all water in the Republic. These provisions of the NWA gave birth to the concept of public trusteeship in the South African law. The NWA provides for a number of different water us rights; from water use rights for domestic purposes to water use rights for the purpose of agriculture. Considering the extent of the study of all the water use rights that exist within the provisions of the NWA, this research will focus on licensed water use rights intended for agriculture. In this study it will be determined whether these licensed water use rights form part of a person's estate. Furthermore, it will also be determined whether these rights are transferable and whether a value can be attached to these rights in the estate of a person. / Thesis (LL.M. (Estate Law))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

The main purpose of the National Water Act 36 of 1998 is to provide for fundamental reform of the law relating to water resources in South Africa. Section 3(1) of the National Water Act 36 of 1998 (NWA) stipulates that the national government, as the public trustee of the nation's water resources, must ensure the protection, use, development, conservation and management of water. Water must also be controlled in a sustainable and fair manner, to the advantage of all persons and in accordance with the national government`s constitutional mandate. Subsection (2) stipulates that the Minister is ultimately responsible to ensure that water is allocated and used in a fair manner, for the benefit of the public interest, while promoting environmental values. Subsection (3) further stipulates that the national government also has to regulate the use, flow and control of all water in the Republic. These provisions of the NWA gave birth to the concept of public trusteeship in the South African law. The NWA provides for a number of different water us rights; from water use rights for domestic purposes to water use rights for the purpose of agriculture. Considering the extent of the study of all the water use rights that exist within the provisions of the NWA, this research will focus on licensed water use rights intended for agriculture. In this study it will be determined whether these licensed water use rights form part of a person's estate. Furthermore, it will also be determined whether these rights are transferable and whether a value can be attached to these rights in the estate of a person. / Thesis (LL.M. (Estate Law))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

Esta tese aborda o panorama da construção civil em Campinas, São Paulo, entre fins do século XIX e as três primeiras décadas do século XX, trazendo à tona a produção material de construtores não diplomados, então enquadrados pela legislação como arquitetos licenciados. Apesar de sua intensa atividade, da permanência material de suas obras e da existência de referências documentais do conjunto edificado, tais obras chegaram aos dias de hoje sem autoria conhecida, atribuídas, assim, a construtores anônimos. Uma das vias propostas para discussão baseia-se na análise da extensa documentação reunida no Arquivo Municipal de Campinas, visto que os processos tramitados para obtenção de licenças para construir ou reformar, com respectivos desenhos técnicos, revelam-se exemplares não só da grande atuação que os licenciados tiveram no período mas também da qualidade técnica e formal de suas obras. Por outro lado, propõe-se averiguar como tais licenciados se inseriram, à época, no mercado campineiro da construção civil, revelando os primeiros embates pela regulamentação da profissão e as decorrentes tentativas de desqualificação desses profissionais por parte dos diplomados. Por fim, partindo da cidade real, expressa tanto materialmente quanto na documentação arquivística e aproximando a discussão a problemas contemporâneos, a tese propõe-se a mapear o movimento das ideias e a atuação das personagens envolvidas com a questão da história, da arquitetura e do patrimônio cultural. Pretende-se, com isso, verificar a repercussão do esquecimento desses construtores na historiografia, nas pesquisas acadêmicas e práticas preservacionistas do município e averiguar quais foram os processos e/ou motivos que levaram à reiteração desse esquecimento, dessa vez por meio da consolidação de uma visão monumental e alegórica do patrimônio cultural de Campinas. / This dissertation discusses the building scenery in Campinas City, São Paulo State, Brazil, between the late 19th century and the first three decades of the 20th century. It reveals the production of builders who were not graduated, known by that time as licensed architects. Despite their intense activity, the permanence of their works through time and the existence of archives that document their projects, the licensed architects works are nowadays taken as undetermined authorship. Thus, they are assigned to anonymous builders. This study proposes, on the one hand, a discussion based on the analysis of the extensive documentation located at the Municipal Archive of Campinas. This documentation is composed by building and renovating permit applications, with technical drawings, that reveal not only the extensive production of the licensed architects, but also their works technical and formal qualities. On the other hand, the study investigates licensed architects insertion the construction field. It reveals the first battles towards professional regulation and the consequent disqualification of the licensed by the graduated architects. Finally, from the perspective of the built city, expressed both by its material dimension and by archival documentation, and bringing the discussion to contemporary issues, this work aims to map the movement of the ideas and the actions of the involved actors, relating them to the issues of history, architecture and cultural heritage. Thereby, it intends to verify the echoes of those constructors oblivion within historiography, academic researches and municipal preservation policies. It also intends to investigate the processes and/or reasons that led to the reiteration of this oblivion through the consolidation of a monumental and allegoric perspective of Campinas cultural heritage.

Today, smart-phones have revolutionized wireless communication industry towards an era of mobile data. To cater for the ever increasing data traffic demand, it is of utmost importance to have more spectrum resources whereby sharing under-utilized spectrum bands is an effective solution. In particular, the 4G broadband Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology and its foreseen 5G successor will benefit immensely if their operation can be extended to the under-utilized unlicensed spectrum. In this thesis, first we analyze WiFi 802.11n and LTE coexistence performance in the unlicensed spectrum considering multi-layer cell layouts through system level simulations. We consider a time division duplexing (TDD)-LTE system with an FTP traffic model for performance evaluation. Simulation results show that WiFi performance is more vulnerable to LTE interference, while LTE performance is degraded only slightly. Based on the initial findings, we propose a Q-Learning based dynamic duty cycle selection technique for configuring LTE transmission gaps, so that a satisfactory throughput is maintained both for LTE and WiFi systems. Simulation results show that the proposed approach can enhance the overall capacity performance by 19% and WiFi capacity performance by 77%, hence enabling effective coexistence of LTE and WiFi systems in the unlicensed band.

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