軟體市場的競爭是日益激烈，許多軟體廠為提昇其自我的生存能力，大部分軟體廠商會將其公司資源投注於產品的研發及通路發展而忽略如何運用軟體銷售授權模式的改變來提昇其競爭能力。目前市場的軟體授權模式除了傳統套裝軟體一次買斷式模式外，也有所謂的訂閱、依使用量、或依功能模組等單位向使用者索取費用等非一次買斷式的軟體銷售模式。 本研究以企業用戶為探討對象，經過國內外文獻資料與相關市場調查的蒐集，並整理目前軟體產業中成功代表個案，包含：微軟、Salesforces.com、Apple iTunes 線上音樂以及Google，彙整其競爭優勢、策略與挑戰，藉此進一步探討不同軟體銷售模式發展下行銷通路的變化、各類應用軟體適用的銷售模式分析、以及多元軟體銷售機制對軟體廠商與消費者的影響。 針對上述議題，本研究以提升顧客價值為觀點，提出以下六點結論，以期作為軟體廠商擬定公司行銷策略之參考與依據，與及企業用戶訂定軟體採購的方針。這六點結論如下所敘：(1)不同銷售模式有著不同的銷售通路，因此採用對的銷售模式及銷售通路，將有助於軟體廠商進入新的市場；(2)整體擁有成本低、功能變動小、諮商維護需求低，且對企業效益不高的軟體產品，適用於一次買斷軟體銷售模式；(3) 當產品使用人數少，但對產品功能的維護、更新需求高時，建議企業採取依使用人次配合固定租金無限使用模式；(4)當對該軟體產品之使用效益評估尚不明確時，建議企業可先採取依使用量計價的模式；(5)建議既有軟體廠商可善用多元銷售模式與傳統買斷式、大量授權銷售模式的整合，積極與顧客建立長期關係；(6)軟體廠商應不斷精益求精，提供更好的服務品質。 / Today's software vendors must consider a wide assortment of licensing models to maintain the competitive edge on the marketplace instead of solely resource investment on either R&D or sales channel. Traditionally perpetual licensing selling model characterized by large, upfront costs is still the major software selling model, however, several non-perpetual licensing models (i.e. term licensing) like subscription and utility pricing, defined as pay-as-you-go pricing based on a fixed or variable metric are gaining attention. To better understand different licensing selling model approach toward the enterprise customers, and the their impacts on channel ecosystem, selling advantage and the connection between enterprise buyers and software vendors, the study has elaborated recent marketing researches and celebrity cases in the market. The cases we went through include Microsoft, Salesforce.com, Apple and Google. Base on the core principle of “customer value”, the study has identified 6 takeaways that can be used by both software vendors and enterprise customers for marketing strategy planning and procurement tactics implementation. Below are the 6 takeaways. 1.Different licensing models come with different selling channels; an appropriate licensing model adoption will effectively help software vendors to penetrate to new market. 2.The perpetual licensing model is more suitable to the software applications whose characteristics are low TCO, infrequent function update and few maintenance effort 3.Subscription model is a choice for the software applications that have frequent function updates, high maintenance effort but use by few people daily 4.Pay-as-you-go pricing model for usage will benefit to enterprise customers when the ROI of software application they are using is unclear 5.Existing market players of software application will be paid back from long-term customer relation by aggressively deploying multiple licensing models (perpetual and term licensing) together 6.Face competitive challenge of revenue stream and future growth, Software vendors not only should continuously work on better-for-customer products and services for enterprise customers, a better-for-customer pricing model development are a crucial pivot point as well.

大眾應用軟體經營模式上，長久以來，一直以與電腦硬體搭配銷售或零售店盒裝式的軟體販售為主，盜版問題亦是許多軟體服務提供者心中的痛；然而，當未來網路服務品質更趨穩定，所有應用軟體程式皆可在線上操作執行時，勢必會一改所謂販賣套裝軟體獲利的傳統資訊市場的經營模式。 經由市場相關資訊、應用軟體個案的探討，本研究認為免費與付費式軟體服務將以不同的價值共存於市場機制中。免費式服務能有效爭取到消費者嘗試新產品服務的興趣，使軟體服務提供者在擁有相當使用量或使用族群同質性高的情況下，能藉由經營廣告平台、銷售週邊硬體產品、提供後續加值服務，或轉戰企業用戶市場等模式獲利；另一方面，在為了提升消費者合法使用軟體服務的動機之前提下，收費式軟體服務方面，業者廠商應根據其產品功能、了解消費者使用的目的，增加其選購軟體服務的彈性，可從產品功能、消費者、時間等聚集構面，彈性地依消費者使用軟體功能模組的程度、使用人數、使用時間的長短等設計合理的收費機制。 最後，本研究也建議消費者應轉變過去只想以免費方式全程享受軟體服務的觀念，了解到免費式軟體服務主要是提供一種嘗試，幫助了解該軟體服務是否滿足本身使用需求；而付費式軟體服務則是進一步提供一流暢的使用經驗，提供一套具備安全、整合、方便性、隨時可用性等客製化服務。 / The suite software package sold in retail shops or combined with the computer is the main and general business model in the application software market but at the same time piracy problem is very serious. Especially, when all software service could be operated smoothly on the Web, there should be some new business models against that situation. Gone through elaborating recent marketing researches and some case studies in the market, the study showed that both free and paid for software service would stand with different value in the market. Free is the best marketing strategy at the first step, which helps software service providers gathering mass use base effectively, and pushing some profit-making strategies (i.e. advertisement platform, value-added service). On the other hand, paid software service providers should break traditional suit style of software sale, and consider how to draw up a reasonable fee rule, which should include some important elements (i.e. consumer’s behavior, use frequency etc.) Finally, the study also recommended consumers that the free service is just a way to make them further understand whether this service content could meet their requirements. However, the paid service will bring them a more convenient digital life with superior quality.