Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. / Committee Chair: Thomas J. Burkholder; Committee Member: Lena H. Ting; Committee Member: Roman O. Grigoriev; Committee Member: Shawn Hochman; Committee Member: T. Richard Nichols.

Title: The impact of nonspecific exercise on the coordination of the upper extremities in swimming style crawl Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to determine whether the exercise alternating circling of the upper extremities in standing applied during the swimming lessons has impact on improving technically swimming style crawl. Methods: The research involved 30 probands of the 1st degree of Faculty of Physical Education of Sport Charles University who have never taken part in swimming training. During the research was used only non-invasive methods. The measurement of height of body, upper extremity range and body composition on TANITA device. Testing was carried out in the laboratories of sports motorics at Faculty of Physical Education of Sport in Charles' University. Than testing in swimming pool was attended a swimming test at the distance of 25 and 50 m. Probands were testing in time and it was calculated number of strokes in a swimming test at the distance of 25 to 50 m. Results: In the swimming test of 25 m distance it was statistically significant change in overall performance, only a high degree of material significance was confirmed in the frequency of the strokes. In the swimming test of 50 m distance we recorded a statistically significant change in the overall performance only in...

Development of the limb skeleton in the Anura Bc. Martina Kocábková Abstract Although the morphology of frogs has been the subject of several studies, results of these are often incomplete and confusing. There are only several detailed studies of morphological variability in ontogeny of anuran limbs and even these results are difficult to compare. Therefore I have decided to map some of the diversity encountered in the ontogeny of these elements. This study is based on comparative study of ontogenetic series of nine anuran species which are representing the principal locomotor types. The results support that the basic developmental pattern was similar in all species. However there are some differences in details of ontogeny which are involved in the differentiation of carpus and tarsus.

No description available.

Background Oedema, commonly known as tissue swelling, occurs mainly on the leg and the arm. The condition may be associated with a range of causes such as venous diseases, trauma, infection, joint disease and orthopaedic surgery. Oedema is caused by both lymphatic and chronic venous insufficiency, which leads to pooling of blood and fluid in the extremities. This results in swelling, mild redness and scaling of the skin, all of which can culminate in ulceration. Methods We present a method to model a wide variety of geometries of limbs affected by oedema and venous ulcers. The shape modelling is based on the PDE method where a set of boundary curves are extracted from 3D scan data and are utilised as boundary conditions to solve a PDE, which provides the geometry of an affected limb. For this work we utilise a mixture of fourth order and sixth order PDEs, the solutions of which enable us to obtain a good representative shape of the limb and associated ulcers in question. Results A series of examples are discussed demonstrating the capability of the method to produce good representative shapes of limbs by utilising a series of curves extracted from the scan data. In particular we show how the method could be used to model the shape of an arm and a leg with an associated ulcer. Conclusion We show how PDE based shape modelling techniques can be utilised to generate a variety of limb shapes and associated ulcers by means of a series of curves extracted from scan data. We also discuss how the method could be used to manipulate a generic shape of a limb and an associated wound so that the model could be fine-tuned for a particular patient.

A doença arterial coronariana (DAC) pode alterar o balanço simpato-vagal do Sistema Nervoso Autônomo (SNA) e aumentar os riscos de arritmias fatais e morte súbita. O exercício físico pode reverter essa condição, porém poucos estudos analisam o ajuste hemodinâmico ao exercício dinâmico resistido, especialmente em portadores de DAC. Além disso, exercícios de membros superiores podem induzir diferentes repostas comparado aos de membros inferiores, porém os estudos comparando os dois tipos de exercícios são escassos. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar as respostas cardiovasculares no exercício resistido de membros superiores e compará-las com o exercício resistido de membros inferiores, em idosos saudáveis e em portadores de DAC. Para a realização do estudo, foram selecionados 20 indivíduos do sexo masculino, sendo 10 idosos saudáveis e 10 idosos portadores de DAC, não etilistas, não tabagistas, e sem distúrbios respiratórios, neurológicos, metabólicos e articulares. Foram realizados: teste de 1RM em exercício resistido no supino inclinado e no leg-press 45°; teste de esforço físico dinâmico resistido com diferentes percentuais de 1RM, com carga inicial de 10% da 1RM e increntos de 10% da 1RM, e a partir de 30% os incrementos passaram a ser de 5% da 1RM. No supino inclinado, houve diminuição significativa do índice rMSSD a partir de 30% da 1RM (GC: de 20±2 ms para 11 ±3 ms; GDAC: de 19±3 ms para 9±1 ms) em ambos os grupos, semelhantemente ao índice SD1 (GC: de 14±2 ms para 8±1; GDAC: 14±2 ms para 7±1 ms). O índice RMSM se manteve sem diferenças entre as cargas no grupo controle (GC) (de 28±3 ms para 45±9 ms), porém aumentou significativamente no grupo DAC (GDAC)(22±2 ms para 79±33 ms). A FC aumentou significativamente a partir de 30% da 1RM em ambos os grupos (GC: de 69±3 bpm para 93±6 bpm; GDAC: 59±3 bpm para 75±4 bpm). No leg-press 45º, houve diminuição do índice rMSSD a partir de 30% da 1RM em ambos os grupos (GC: 29±5 ms para 12±2 ms; GDAC: 28±4 ms para 18±3 ms). O índice SD1 diminuiu no GC a partir de 30% da 1RM (de 23±4 mas para 7±1) e no GDAC a partir de 20% da 1RM (de 16±3 para 11±1). O índice RMSM diminuiu a partir de 30% da 1RM no GC (34±5 ms para 14±3 ms) e aumentou a partir de 35% da 1RM no GDAC (28±4 ms para 43±5 ms). A FC aumentou a partir de 30% da 1RM no GC (65±3 bpm para 92±4 bpm) e a partir de 35% da 1RM no GDAC (61±1 para 76±3). Comparando as variáveis entre os equipamentos, observaram-se menores valores do índice SD1 no GDAC a partir de 35% da 1RM no supino. Também se observaram maiores valores do índice RMSM no GDAC a partir de 30% da 1RM no supino inclinado. Como conclusão, pode-se inferir que houve diminuição parassimpática e aumento da modulação simpática a partir de 30% da 1RM em ambos os equipamentos, sendo que o supino inclinado produziu marcada atenuação parassimpática associada a maior modulação simpática. / Coronary artery disease (CAD) can alter the balance of the sympatho-vagal autonomic nervous system (ANS) and increase the risk of fatal arrhythmias and sudden death. Exercise can reverse this condition, but few studies analyze the hemodynamic adjustment to dynamic resistance exercise, especially in patients with CAD. In addition, upper exercise may induce different responses compared with the lower limbs, but studies comparing the two conditions of resistance exercise are scarce. The objective of the study was to assess the cardiovascular responses in resistance of the upper and compare them with the lower limb resistance exercise in healthy elderly and in patients with CAD. We selected 20 males, 10 healthy elderly and 10 elderly patients with CHD, non-alcohol drinkers, non-smokers, and without respiratory, neurological and metabolic diseases. Were performed: 1RM test in the bench press inclined and leg-press 45 °, and an incremental dynamic resistance test different percentages of 1RM, with initial load of 10% of 1RM and increments of 10% of 1RM, and from 30 % increments was 5% of 1RM. On the bench press inclined, there was significant decrease in RMSSD index from 30% of 1RM (CG: 20 ± 2 ms to 11 ± 3 ms; GDAC: 19 ± 9 ms to 3 ± 1 ms) in both groups, similarly SD1 index (CG: 14 ± 2 to 8 ± 1 ms; GDAC: 14 ± 2 ms to 7 ± 1 ms). The RMSM index remained no differences between the loads in the control group (CG) (28 ± 3 ms to 45 ± 9 ms), but increased significantly in the CAD group (GDAC) (22 ± 2 ms to 79 ± 33 ms). The HR increased significantly from 30% of 1RM in both groups (CG: 69 ± 3 bpm to 93 ± 6 bpm; GDAC: 59 ± 3 bpm to 75 ± 4 bpm). In the leg-press 45º, the RMSSD index decreased from 30% of 1RM in both groups (CG: 29 ± 5 ms to 12 ± 2 ms; GDAC: 28 ± 4 ms to 18 ± 3 ms). The SD1 index decreased in GC from 30% of 1RM (23 ± 4 ms to 7 ± 1 ms) and GDAC from 20% of 1RM (16 ± 3 ms to 11 ± 1 ms). The RMSM index decreased from 30% of 1RM in the GC (34 ± 5 ms to 14 ± 3 ms) and increased from 35% of 1RM in the GDAC (28 ± 4 ms to 43 ± 5 ms). The HR increased from 30% of 1RM in the GC (65 ± 3 bpm to 92 ± 4 bpm) and from 35% of 1RM in the GDAC (61 ± 1 to 76 ± 3). Comparing the variables between the equipment, there were lower values for SD1 from GDAC in 35% of 1RM on the bench press. Also observed higher values in the index RMSM in GDAC from 30% of the 1RM bench press inclined. It can be inferred that decreased parasympathetic and increased in sympathetic modulation from 30% of 1RM in both equipments, and the bench press inclined produced marked attenuation in parasympathetic modulation with an increased in sympathetic modulation.

The aim is to assess the relationship between disease hooves of dairy cows and milk production traits selected, evaluation limbs according to the Methodology linear description and evaluation zavnějšku Holsteins and assess the impact of fathers on the hoof diseases.

No description available.

A doença arterial coronariana (DAC) pode alterar o balanço simpato-vagal do Sistema Nervoso Autônomo (SNA) e aumentar os riscos de arritmias fatais e morte súbita. O exercício físico pode reverter essa condição, porém poucos estudos analisam o ajuste hemodinâmico ao exercício dinâmico resistido, especialmente em portadores de DAC. Além disso, exercícios de membros superiores podem induzir diferentes repostas comparado aos de membros inferiores, porém os estudos comparando os dois tipos de exercícios são escassos. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar as respostas cardiovasculares no exercício resistido de membros superiores e compará-las com o exercício resistido de membros inferiores, em idosos saudáveis e em portadores de DAC. Para a realização do estudo, foram selecionados 20 indivíduos do sexo masculino, sendo 10 idosos saudáveis e 10 idosos portadores de DAC, não etilistas, não tabagistas, e sem distúrbios respiratórios, neurológicos, metabólicos e articulares. Foram realizados: teste de 1RM em exercício resistido no supino inclinado e no leg-press 45°; teste de esforço físico dinâmico resistido com diferentes percentuais de 1RM, com carga inicial de 10% da 1RM e increntos de 10% da 1RM, e a partir de 30% os incrementos passaram a ser de 5% da 1RM. No supino inclinado, houve diminuição significativa do índice rMSSD a partir de 30% da 1RM (GC: de 20±2 ms para 11 ±3 ms; GDAC: de 19±3 ms para 9±1 ms) em ambos os grupos, semelhantemente ao índice SD1 (GC: de 14±2 ms para 8±1; GDAC: 14±2 ms para 7±1 ms). O índice RMSM se manteve sem diferenças entre as cargas no grupo controle (GC) (de 28±3 ms para 45±9 ms), porém aumentou significativamente no grupo DAC (GDAC)(22±2 ms para 79±33 ms). A FC aumentou significativamente a partir de 30% da 1RM em ambos os grupos (GC: de 69±3 bpm para 93±6 bpm; GDAC: 59±3 bpm para 75±4 bpm). No leg-press 45º, houve diminuição do índice rMSSD a partir de 30% da 1RM em ambos os grupos (GC: 29±5 ms para 12±2 ms; GDAC: 28±4 ms para 18±3 ms). O índice SD1 diminuiu no GC a partir de 30% da 1RM (de 23±4 mas para 7±1) e no GDAC a partir de 20% da 1RM (de 16±3 para 11±1). O índice RMSM diminuiu a partir de 30% da 1RM no GC (34±5 ms para 14±3 ms) e aumentou a partir de 35% da 1RM no GDAC (28±4 ms para 43±5 ms). A FC aumentou a partir de 30% da 1RM no GC (65±3 bpm para 92±4 bpm) e a partir de 35% da 1RM no GDAC (61±1 para 76±3). Comparando as variáveis entre os equipamentos, observaram-se menores valores do índice SD1 no GDAC a partir de 35% da 1RM no supino. Também se observaram maiores valores do índice RMSM no GDAC a partir de 30% da 1RM no supino inclinado. Como conclusão, pode-se inferir que houve diminuição parassimpática e aumento da modulação simpática a partir de 30% da 1RM em ambos os equipamentos, sendo que o supino inclinado produziu marcada atenuação parassimpática associada a maior modulação simpática. / Coronary artery disease (CAD) can alter the balance of the sympatho-vagal autonomic nervous system (ANS) and increase the risk of fatal arrhythmias and sudden death. Exercise can reverse this condition, but few studies analyze the hemodynamic adjustment to dynamic resistance exercise, especially in patients with CAD. In addition, upper exercise may induce different responses compared with the lower limbs, but studies comparing the two conditions of resistance exercise are scarce. The objective of the study was to assess the cardiovascular responses in resistance of the upper and compare them with the lower limb resistance exercise in healthy elderly and in patients with CAD. We selected 20 males, 10 healthy elderly and 10 elderly patients with CHD, non-alcohol drinkers, non-smokers, and without respiratory, neurological and metabolic diseases. Were performed: 1RM test in the bench press inclined and leg-press 45 °, and an incremental dynamic resistance test different percentages of 1RM, with initial load of 10% of 1RM and increments of 10% of 1RM, and from 30 % increments was 5% of 1RM. On the bench press inclined, there was significant decrease in RMSSD index from 30% of 1RM (CG: 20 ± 2 ms to 11 ± 3 ms; GDAC: 19 ± 9 ms to 3 ± 1 ms) in both groups, similarly SD1 index (CG: 14 ± 2 to 8 ± 1 ms; GDAC: 14 ± 2 ms to 7 ± 1 ms). The RMSM index remained no differences between the loads in the control group (CG) (28 ± 3 ms to 45 ± 9 ms), but increased significantly in the CAD group (GDAC) (22 ± 2 ms to 79 ± 33 ms). The HR increased significantly from 30% of 1RM in both groups (CG: 69 ± 3 bpm to 93 ± 6 bpm; GDAC: 59 ± 3 bpm to 75 ± 4 bpm). In the leg-press 45º, the RMSSD index decreased from 30% of 1RM in both groups (CG: 29 ± 5 ms to 12 ± 2 ms; GDAC: 28 ± 4 ms to 18 ± 3 ms). The SD1 index decreased in GC from 30% of 1RM (23 ± 4 ms to 7 ± 1 ms) and GDAC from 20% of 1RM (16 ± 3 ms to 11 ± 1 ms). The RMSM index decreased from 30% of 1RM in the GC (34 ± 5 ms to 14 ± 3 ms) and increased from 35% of 1RM in the GDAC (28 ± 4 ms to 43 ± 5 ms). The HR increased from 30% of 1RM in the GC (65 ± 3 bpm to 92 ± 4 bpm) and from 35% of 1RM in the GDAC (61 ± 1 to 76 ± 3). Comparing the variables between the equipment, there were lower values for SD1 from GDAC in 35% of 1RM on the bench press. Also observed higher values in the index RMSM in GDAC from 30% of the 1RM bench press inclined. It can be inferred that decreased parasympathetic and increased in sympathetic modulation from 30% of 1RM in both equipments, and the bench press inclined produced marked attenuation in parasympathetic modulation with an increased in sympathetic modulation.