David Lindsay's A Voyage to Arcturus must be read as an allegorical dream fantasy for its merit to be correctly discerned. Lindsay's central themes are introduced in a study of the man and his work. (Ch. 1). These themes are found to be common in allegorical dream fantasy, the phenomenological background of which is established (Ch. 2). A distinction can then be drawn between fantasy and romance, so as to define allegorical dream fantasy as a literary mode (Ch. 3). After the biographical, theoretical and literary backgrounds of A Voyage have been established in the first three chapters, the second three chapters explicate the structure of the book as an allegorical dream fantasy. Finally, the dichotomies which have been found in Lindsay (between Lloyd's underwriter and visionary dreamer), between the dream and the real world, between fantasy and romance, are found to be unified by Norman N. Holland's theory of literature as transformation / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate

The generalized theory of thermoelasticity was employed to characterize the coupled thermal and mechanical wave propagation in high performance microelectronic packages. Application of a Gaussian heat source of spectral profile similar to high performance devices was shown to induce rapid thermal and mechanical transient phenomena. The stresses and temporal gradient of stresses (power density) induced by the thermal and mechanical disturbances were analyzed using the Gabor Wavelet Transform (GWT). The arrival time of frequency components and their magnitude was studied at various locations in the package. Comparison of the results from the classical thermoelasticity theory and generalized theory was also conducted. It was found that the two theories predict vastly different results in the vicinity of the heat source but that the differences diminish within a larger time window. Results from both theories indicate that the rapid thermal-mechanical waves cause high frequency, broadband stress waves to propagate through the package for a very short period of time. The power density associated with these stress waves was found to be of significant magnitude indicating that even though the effect, titled short time scale effect, is short lived, it could have significant impact on package reliability. The high frequency and high power density associated with the stress waves indicate that the probability of sub-micron cracking and/or delamination due to short time scale effect is high. The findings demonstrate that in processes involving rapid thermal transients, there is a non-negligible transient phenomenon worthy of further investigation.

The generalized theory of thermoelasticity was employed to characterize the coupled thermal and mechanical wave propagation in high performance microelectronic packages. Application of a Gaussian heat source of spectral profile similar to high performance devices was shown to induce rapid thermal and mechanical transient phenomena. The stresses and temporal gradient of stresses (power density) induced by the thermal and mechanical disturbances were analyzed using the Gabor Wavelet Transform (GWT). The arrival time of frequency components and their magnitude was studied at various locations in the package. Comparison of the results from the classical thermoelasticity theory and generalized theory was also conducted. It was found that the two theories predict vastly different results in the vicinity of the heat source but that the differences diminish within a larger time window. Results from both theories indicate that the rapid thermal-mechanical waves cause high frequency, broadband stress waves to propagate through the package for a very short period of time. The power density associated with these stress waves was found to be of significant magnitude indicating that even though the effect, titled short time scale effect, is short lived, it could have significant impact on package reliability. The high frequency and high power density associated with the stress waves indicate that the probability of sub-micron cracking and/or delamination due to short time scale effect is high. The findings demonstrate that in processes involving rapid thermal transients, there is a non-negligible transient phenomenon worthy of further investigation.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2007. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 177-184)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of St Andrews, April 2007.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2007. / Abstract. Description based on Microfiche version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 177-184)

For too long Sir David Lindsay of the Mount has been almost the exclusive concern of literary critics and ecclesiastical historians. This thesis aims to demonstrate that Lindsay and his works represent an invaluable source for a much broader study of Renaissance Scotland and that placing each in a proper historical and cultural context sheds an important light on some of the ideas and attitudes which shaped Scotland's political and religious culture during this crucial period. The thesis falls into three sections. The first offers a detailed examination of Lindsay's career, tracing his arrival at Court, his experiences during the minority of 1513-28 and his employment as a herald. Looking at the events of the 1530s, it argues that Lindsay's position is best seen both in the light of a developing humanist- influenced court culture and the emergence of religious controversy. It is suggested that, following the death of James V, Lindsay was much less closely associated with the Court and that this had important consequences for his political, religious and poetic development. Part Two stresses the hitherto little appreciated point that Lindsay was very much a political writer. Analysing his discussion of government, the section looks in particular at ideas of kingship and commonweal, assessing the extent to which Lindsay variously questioned or endorsed traditional attitudes and assumptions. This also involves a study of Lindsay's position as court-poet and those occasions of public spectacle with which he was involved. Completing the examination of Lindsay and his works, the thesis turns to questions of religion. Arguing that his work represents a more complex, often more ambiguous, but ultimately more satisfying, source than is generally appreciated. Part Three considers Lindsay's religious attitudes, examining what his poetry can tell us concerning the situation in Scotland on the eve of the Reformation.

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Sammanfattning Syfte: Med fokus på medelstora och stora svenska företags budgetanvändning syftar denna studie att kartlägga budgetens roll och framtidsutsikter. Detta genom att ta reda på i vilken omfattning budgeten används samt budgetansvarigas uppfattning samt nytta av styrverktyget. Studien syftar även efter att jämföra budgetansvarigas svar mot kritiken för att undersöka hur budgeten eventuellt kan utformas för att hantera den. Metod: En kvantitativ enkätstudie med 226 medelstora och stora svenska företag har genomförts. Studien har använt sig av olika univariata och bivariata metoder för att analysera variabler. Det empiriska resultatet har ställts mot forskares kritik av budgeten, den institutionella teorin samt tidigare resultat från Libby och Lindsays (2010) studie i Nordamerika. Slutsats: Budgetens kritik som studien studerat var från bland annat Wallander (1999), Neely et al. (2003), Hansen et al. (2003), Hope och Fraser (2003a; 2003b) samt Norton och Kaplan (2001). Studiens slutsats visar att kritiken i flera fall var överdriven, med exempel som att budgeten varken för företaget eller chefer tog i närheten av tiden som kritikerna uppgav. Även kritiken om användningen av budgeten som prestationskontrakt och att den skulle vara utbredd var överdriven där endast ett fåtal procent använde budgeten på detta vis. I andra fall används olika lösningar för att hantera kritiken med budgeten, med exempel som att en stor del av svenska företag tillåter revideringar i någon form under budgetåret samt har påskyndandeprocesser på plats för att hantera kritiken om att budgeten hindrar anpassning och är inflexibel.  Den jämförande delen av studien visade på flera skillnader mellan de svenska och nordamerikanska företagen. Mindre tid spenderas av svenska företag samt chefer i budgeten samtidigt som graden av detaljrikhet var mindre. Vidare är det enklare för svenska företag att få tillgång till resurser utanför budgeten samtidigt som budgeten i större utsträckning revideras. Slutligen används budgetar som fastställda prestationskontrakt i mindre utsträckning bland svenska företag. Dessa skillnader skulle kunna förklaras av Ekholm och Wallin (2000) samt Neely et al. (2003) som tar upp att Sverige länge har varit ledande inom alternativa lösningar till den traditionella budgeten. Vidare kan skillnaderna även bero på institutionella påtryckningar då de institutionella faktorerna generellt är starkare för den svenska populationen än den amerikanska (Honig och Karlsson 2013). Institutionell isomorfism kan även förklara skillnaderna mellan länderna (Dacin 1997). Slutligen hittades flera samband mellan enkätens variabler. En statistiskt signifikant positiv hittades mellan budgetens värde och graden av detaljrikhet. De nordamerikanska företagen hade dock nästan samma värde av budgeten som de svenska, samtidigt som de hade en högre detaljrikhet vilket leder till frågan när det extra värdet av en ökad detaljrikhet avtar. En signifikant korrelation hittades vidare mellan värde och budgetens koppling till strategi vilket bekräftar att budgetprocessen bör vara kopplad till strategiimplementering som Norton och Kaplan (2001) rekommenderat. Resultatet visade även en statistiskt signifikant korrelation mellan företagets storlek och företagets veckor till budget, men inte mellan företagets storlek och värde. Detta säger delvis emot Vaznonienė (2012) som menar på att större företag har bättre möjligheter att investera i budgeten vilket resultatet bekräftar, däremot förkastas det att mer resurser i form av tid bland de stora företagen bidrar till att budgeten blir mer relevant efter företagets behov då ingen signifikant korrelation mellan storlek och värde hittades. Större företag bör därför se över hur budgetprocessen kan effektiviseras, då den extra spenderade tiden inte adderar värde till budgeten. Det gick inte att hitta en statistiskt signifikant korrelation mellan värdet av budgeten och grad av förutsägbarhet. Att ingen signifikant korrelation hittades kan bero på att kritiken angående anpassning som hypotesen om korrelationen var baserad på inte var rättfärdigad bland de svenska företagen vilket var en av våra slutsatser under hypotes 3. / Abstract Purpose: With focus on the budget utilization of medium- and large-sized Swedish companies, this study aims to map out the role and future prospects of the budget. This by determining the extent to which the budget is used together with the perceptions and usefulness of the tool among responsible managers of the budget. The aim is also to compare the manager's responses with criticism to investigate how the budget can be designed to address these.  Method: A quantitative survey was conducted with 226 medium- and large sized Swedish companies. The study used both univariate and bivariate methods to analyze the variables. The empirical results were put against researchers' criticism of the budget, the institutional theory, and previous findings from Libby and Lindsays (2010) study in North America. Conclusion: The budget criticisms that were studied were from Wallander (1999), Neely et al. (2003), Hansen et al. (2003), Hope and Fraser (2003a; 2003b) and Norton and Kaplan (2001). The study's conclusion shows that the criticism in several cases was exaggerated, with examples such as that the time to budget for neither the company nor managers took close to the time stated by the critics. The criticism about the use of the budget as a performance contract and that the use is widespread was exaggerated, as only a few percent used the budget in this way. In other cases, different solutions are used to handle the criticism with the budget, with examples such as a large part of Swedish companies allowing revisions in some form during the budget year and having “fast-track” approval processes in place to deal with the criticism that the budget impedes adjustment and is inflexible. The comparative part of the study showed several differences between the Swedish and North American companies. Less time was spent on the budget by Swedish companies and managers while the degree of detail was smaller. Furthermore, it is easier for Swedish companies to access resources outside the budget at the same time as the budget is revised to a greater extent. Finally, budgets as established performance contracts are used to a lesser extent among Swedish companies. These differences could be explained by Ekholm and Wallin (2000) and Neely et al. (2003) who point out that Sweden has long been a leader in alternative solutions to the traditional budget. Furthermore, the differences may also be due to institutional pressures as the institutional factors are generally stronger for the Swedish population than the American (Honig & Karlsson 2013). Institutional isomorphism may also explain differences between countries (Dacin 1997). Finally, several correlations were found between the variables of the survey. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the value of the budget and the degree of detail. However, the North American companies had almost the same value of the budget as the Swedish ones, while at the same time having a higher level of detail, which leads to the question when the extra value of increased detail decreases. A significant correlation was further found between value and the budget's association with strategy, confirming that the budget process should be linked to strategy implementation as recommended by Norton and Kaplan (2001). The results also showed a statistically significant correlation between the size of the company and the company's weeks to budget, but not between company size and value. This partly contradicts Vaznonienė (2012) who argues that larger companies have better opportunities to invest in the budget, which the result confirms, but it is rejected that more resources in the form of time among the large companies contribute to the budget becoming more relevant to the company's needs as no significant correlation between size and value was found. Larger companies should therefore review how the budgeting process can be streamlined, as the extra time spent does not add value to the budget. It was not possible to find a statistically significant correlation between the value of the budget and the degree of predictability. The fact that no significant correlation was found may be due to the fact that the criticism regarding adaptation on which the hypothesis of the correlation was based was not justified among the Swedish companies, which was one of our conclusions under hypothesis 3.

A partir de minha tradução para o português brasileiro de The Magic Pudding (1918), novela infantil australiana escrita e ilustrada por Norman Lindsay, o objetivo desta dissertação é demonstrar as peculiaridades da tradução de literatura infantil ilustrada. Portanto, este estudo analisa o papel das ilustrações na tradução, enquanto levanta questões sobre a adaptação literária em uma época em que novos meios e tecnologias de leitura competem com o livro impresso pela atenção infantil. Como O Pudim Mágico é a primeira tradução da novela para o português, e devido à importância das ilustrações na narrativa, é proposta uma tradução estrangeirizada para que elementos da cultura e da natureza australianas, especialmente alimentos e animais, permaneçam visíveis no texto de chegada. Pelas mesmas razões, tanto o texto propriamente dito quanto as ilustrações são tratados como textos, respectivamente, verbal e pictórico, em oposição aos peritextos verbal e pictórico acrescentados ao texto de chegada. Este estudo é dividido em quatro capítulos: 1) apresentação da biografia e obra do autor, bem como do contexto em que The Magic Pudding foi escrito, seguida pelo resumo detalhado da novela, uma discussão sobre as peculiaridades da tradução para crianças e, baseadas principalmente em Lawrence Venuti e Gérard Genette, as justificativas para a abordagem estrangeirizante com o emprego de elementos peritextuais; 2) apresentação das estratégias de Javier Franco Aixelá para a tradução de itens culturais-específicos para discutir o tratamento de nomes próprios contendo significados culturais; considerando o leitor-alvo, é sugerido o acréscimo de elementos peritextuais, tais como novas ilustrações combinadas com um prefácio verbal, a fim de evitar o emprego de notas de rodapé; 3) análise da influência da ilustrações de Lindsay na tradução, com sugestões para o tratamento do texto verbal de chegada; 4) discussão sobre tópicos de adaptação e transmidiação de literatura infantil, com sugestões para tratar os textos verbal e pictórico na transposição de O Pudim Mágico de meio impresso a digital; com base principalmente nos estudos de Lars Elleström e Ellen McCracken, dispositivos digitais de leitura como o Amazon Kindle e o Apple iPad são analisados, concluindo-se que o texto-alvo é considerado uma tradução em formato impresso, uma remidiação em formato para Kindle e uma transmidiação em formato para iPad. / Based on my unpublished translation of The Magic Pudding (1918), Australian children’s novel written and illustrated by Norman Lindsay, this thesis aims at demonstrating the peculiarities of translating illustrated children’s literature. Therefore, it analyses the role of the illustrations in the translation while raising questions on literary adaptation at a time when new reading media and technology compete with the printed book for children’s attention. Given that O Pudim Mágico is the first translation of the novel into Portuguese and due to the importance of the illustrations in the narrative, I propose a foreignised translation to preserve Australia’s cultural and natural elements, in particular foods and animals, visible in the target text. For the same reasons, both the text proper and the illustrations are regarded as texts, respectively verbal and pictorial, in opposition to the verbal and pictorial peritexts added to the target text. This study is divided into four chapters: 1) a presentation of the author’s biography and oeuvre, as well as of the context in which The Magic Pudding was written, followed by a detailed summary of the novel, a discussion on the peculiarities of translating for children and, mainly based on Lawrence Venuti and Gérard Genette, a justification for the foreignising approach with the employment of peritextual elements; 2) a presentation of Javier Franco Aixelá’s strategies to translate culture-specific items in order to discuss the treatment of proper names that hold cultural meanings; considering the target reader, the addition of peritextual elements, such as new illustrations combined with a verbal preface, is suggested as a means to avoid the employment of footnotes; 3) an analysis of the influence of Lindsay’s illustrations on the translation with suggestions for the treatment of the verbal target text; 4) a discussion on issues of adaptation and transmediation of children’s literature, with suggestions for treating the verbal and pictorial texts in the transposition of O Pudim Mágico from printed to digitised media; based mainly on the studies by Lars Elleström and Ellen McCracken, digital reading devices such as Amazon Kindle and Apple iPad are analysed to conclude that the novel’s target text is deemed to be a translation in print format, a remediation on Kindle and a transmediation on iPad. Keywords: Adaptation. Australian Literature. Children’