Les chaînes de télévision en langue celtique TG4 (Irlande), S4C (Pays de Galles), BBC ALBA (Ecosse), FRANCE 3 Bretagne (pour ses émissions en breton) et BREZHOWEB (France, Bretagne) reposent sur des langues dont la démographie linguistique reste préoccupante. Ces langues s’appuient sur des lois, des stratégies et sur la Charte européenne des langues régionales et minoritaires. Dans un environnement bilingue, elles dépendent d’une opinion publique positive et de l’enseignement des langues. Les chaînes celtiques favorisent ainsi leur expression et leur promotion. Dans un contexte de très forte concurrence et dans un mediascape hyper-fragmenté, elles constituent des pôles de résistance implantés dans l’espace des lieux (Manuel Castells), émettant pour des communautés linguistiques « imaginées » (Benedict Anderson). Dans la mesure où elles dépendent des flux financiers (Arjun Appadurai), elles sont l'objet d'une tension permanente entre économie et médias. La récente crise financière et économique a provoqué la diminution ou la stagnation de leurs budgets, entraînant des répercussions sociales et économiques pour les producteurs indépendants. La majorité des chaînes déterritorialisent désormais certaines de leurs émissions grâce à internet et augmentent ainsi leur audience auprès de leurs diasporas et du grand public, grâce au sous-titrage optionnel et à l’adaptation de formats internationaux comme lesoap opera ou la sitcom. Vecteurs de convergence, les chaînes sont disponibles sur de nombreux supports numériques. Leur avenir va, par conséquent, dépendre des décisions de l’après-Brexit au Royaume Uni, de la mise en oeuvre du grand marché numérique européen et surtout, de l’attitude des jeunes générations envers les langues, leur apprentissage et l’utilisation qu’elles vont en faire sur les multiples plateformes numériques. / The television channels broadcasting in a Celtic language (TG4, Ireland), S4C (Wales), BBC ALBA (Scotland), FRANCE 3 Bretagne’s programmes in Breton and BREZHOWEB (France/Bretagne) rest on languages whose linguistic demographics is worrying. These languages are supported by laws and strategies and by the European Charter on Regional and Minority Languages. In a bilingual environment, they depend on favourable public opinions and on language education. Their expression and promotion is boosted by the Celtic television channels. Faced with a very strong competition in a hyper-fragmented mediascape, they are centers of resistance against globalization, located .in the “space of places” (Manuel Castells), broadcasting for “imagined” language communities (Benedict Anderson). Their dependence on financial flows (Arjun Appadurai) creates a permanent tension between economy and media. The financial and economic crisis has triggered a reduction or a stagnation of these channels’ budgets, resulting in social and economic difficulties for them and their independent producers. Most of the channels are now deterritorializing some of their programmes through internet. They increase their audience rates among their diasporas and the public at large by resorting to optional subtitles andadapting international formats such as soap operas or sitcoms. Part and parcel of convergence, these channels are available on numerous digital platforms. Therefore, their future will depend on a post-Brexit agreement, on the implementation of the European Digital Single Market, but above all on the younger generation’s approach towards learning Celtic languages and their use on the many audio-visual digital platforms

The intent of this thesis is to analyze the varying perceptions among Hispanic (Spanish-speaking) and Anglophone communities regarding vaccines and more specifically infant immunization practices, in order to identify common or diverging patterns of communication, information dissemination, and narrative discourse. Currently, medical messaging and health policy is largely formulated without thorough attention to the different ways diverse or minority ethno-linguistic communities may interpret the information, thereby leading to deficiencies in effective communication practices between individuals and healthcare providers or policymakers, and outright opposition between informal and formal public health messaging. This evaluation was conducted in order to broaden the current knowledge and information regarding the views of these groups, focusing on minority communities, in order to inform more thorough, inclusive, and research-supported medical messaging and outreach. During, the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for more thorough and comprehensible communication has become clear and, therefore, through the use of this study as a foundational element in drafting communication, one could improve the quality and reach of vaccine-related messaging. In effect, this stands to help educate the public and increase overall community safety. The data was retrieved via extrapolation of information regarding people's perceptions of vaccines and their usage in the community as cross-referenced from social media, blog sites, and other online sources of discourse or information distribution. The key motifs that most prevalently influenced the perceptions included persuasion by personal anecdotes, ethico-religious arguments, figurative analogies, scattergun argumentation, and perceptions of genocide.