La realización de la Tesis Doctoral pone de manifiesto la importancia del desarrollo sostenible en las empresas en el siglo XXI a partir de la gestión eficaz de los grupos de interés. Al mismo tiempo, la investigación indica la necesidad de encontrar a partir del conocimiento científico herramientas de gestión para enfrentar a esta nueva realidad. En el desarrollo de nuestra investigación tratamos de realizar un profundo estudio de la sostenibilidad en las empresas a partir de Teoría de de los Grupos de Interés y en relación a la teoría de la decisión en la incertidumbre a partir de la Teoría de los Subconjuntos Borrosos. En seguida planteamos los principales desafíos a las que se enfrentan las empresas en la búsqueda de la sostenibilidad y una vez identificados estos desafíos, buscamos hallar las soluciones para planteamientos a partir de las aplicaciones de modelos de la lógica borrosa. Como resultado, realizamos diversas aportaciones con publicaciones de artículos en revistas científicas y congresos internacionales. Estos resultados confirman la eficacia y utilidad de los modelos de lógica borrosa aplicados en la gestión de la sostenibilidad en las empresas. El trabajo de investigación presenta una aportación científica relevante por asentar las bases teóricas a las futuras investigaciones relacionadas con la sostenibilidad en las empresas a partir de la Teoría de los Grupos de Interés y Teoría de la Incertidumbre. Además, el estudio de la sostenibilidad apoyados en la aplicación de la lógica borrosa aporta nuevos modelos de gestión que puedan ayudar a los empresarios en la toma de decisiones mediante el uso de metodologías basadas en el tratamiento de la incertidumbre. Por tanto, se considera que la investigación realizada representa una importante innovación así como una herramienta útil al conocimiento científico por avanzar en el estudio de la sostenibilidad a partir de la Teoría de los Grupos de Interés y Teoría de la Incertidumbre. Queda también puesto de manifiesto que las dos teorías aplicadas a la realidad de las empresas aportan nuevos modelos de gestión al tratamiento de la incertidumbre y de la sostenibilidad empresarial. / The realization of the doctoral thesis highlights the importance of sustainable business development in the XXI century from the effective management of stakeholders. At the same time, research indicates the need for management tools from scientific knowledge to face this new reality. In developing our research we try to conduct a thorough study of sustainability in business from the Stakeholders Theory and in relation to the theory of decision in uncertainty from the Theory of Fuzzy Subsets. Then pose the biggest challenges facing companies in the quest for sustainability and once identified these challenges, we seek to find solutions to approaches from the applications of fuzzy logic models. As a result, we made various contributions to publications of articles in scientific journals and international conferences. These results confirm the effectiveness and usefulness of the models of fuzzy logic applied in the management of sustainability in business. The research presents a significant scientific contribution by laying the theoretical groundwork for future research related to sustainability in business from the Stakeholders Theory and the Theory of Uncertainty. The study of sustainability supported the application of fuzzy logic brings new management models that may help entrepreneurs in decision-making through the use of methodologies based on the treatment of uncertainty. Therefore, it is considered that the investigation represents an important innovation as well as a useful tool for advancing scientific knowledge in the study of sustainability from the Stakeholders Theory and the Theory of Uncertainty. It is also shown that the two theories applied to the reality of companies bring new management models to the treatment of uncertainty and corporate sustainability.

Submitted by Ariela Zanetta Simoni (arielazsimoni@gmail.com) on 2018-04-18T21:21:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_ArielaSimoni_VF2_2018.pdf: 2154592 bytes, checksum: 3ed46fe4510f5360ed0ab60012235df1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Debora Nunes Ferreira (debora.nunes@fgv.br) on 2018-04-20T17:07:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_ArielaSimoni_VF2_2018.pdf: 2154592 bytes, checksum: 3ed46fe4510f5360ed0ab60012235df1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzane Guimarães (suzane.guimaraes@fgv.br) on 2018-04-20T17:34:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_ArielaSimoni_VF2_2018.pdf: 2154592 bytes, checksum: 3ed46fe4510f5360ed0ab60012235df1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-20T17:34:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_ArielaSimoni_VF2_2018.pdf: 2154592 bytes, checksum: 3ed46fe4510f5360ed0ab60012235df1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-14 / No âmbito das atividades políticas corporativas (CPA) com auxílio das variáveis de recursos, rotina e capacidades da Teoria da Visão Baseada em Recursos (RBV), esta pesquisa pretendeu analisar como as atividades políticas corporativas de Lobby das empresas são realizadas em ambientes de mudanças políticas. O Lobby é uma das táticas mais utilizadas de CPA. Estudos que visam a compreensão por intermédio de fatores econômicos e de outras naturezas são de suma importância na explicação da variação dentro de um determinado sistema, porém, raramente levam em consideração o ambiente político doméstico de um país (YADAV, 2008). O contexto de imprevisibilidade gera incertezas a respeito do ambiente no qual implementa-se a tática de Lobby e diminui a capacidade de previsão de cenários. A consequência disso é a possibilidade de redução da vantagem competitiva das firmas as quais se engajam em estratégias de não mercado. Além disso, ambientes de mudanças políticas caracterizam-se por trocas de executivos no poder provenientes de eleições nacionais (YASUDA; MITSUHASHI, 2017) ou por impedimento em completar o mandato governamental. O cenário político e econômico do ano de 2016 no Brasil serviu como laboratório para o estudo, na medida em que apresenta características do ambiente de mudanças políticas necessárias à pesquisa. Por intermédio de uma pesquisa qualitativa positivista com triangulação de dados primários – obtidos por meio de entrevistas – e secundários – principalmente para entendimento do ambiente político, a pesquisa justifica-se pela importância no aprofundamento da compreensão do fenômeno. / In the scope of corporate policy activities (CPA) aided by resource variables, routine and resource-based capabilities (RBV), this research aimed to analyze how corporate lobbying activities are carried out in politically changing environments. Lobby is one of CPA's most commonly used tactics. Studies that aim at understanding through economic and other factors are indeed important in explaining variation within a given system, but rarely take into account a country's domestic political environment (YADAV, 2008). The context of unpredictability creates uncertainties about the environment in which lobby tactic is implemented and reduces the predictability of scenarios. The consequence of this is the possibility of diminishing the competitive advantage of companies that engage in non-market strategies. In addition, politically changing environments are characterized by exchanges of power executives from national elections (YASUDA; MITSUHASHI, 2017) or by impediment in completing the government mandate. The political and economic scenario of 2016 in Brazil served as a laboratory for the study, as it presents characteristics of the environment of political changes demanded for the research. Through a qualitative positivist research with triangulation of primary data - obtained through interviews - and secondary data - mainly for understanding the political environment, the research is justified by the importance of deeper understanding of the phenomenon.