Formation of new firms is important, since new firms create jobs and economic growth. When entrepreneurs lack the financial resources which are needed to start a firm, they often turn to banks to borrow money. Previous research has shown that relationships between banks and new business borrowers most often are local and that the dependence on banks differs across industries. In light of this, the purpose of this paper is to investigate if local access to banks has a stronger relationship with the rate of new firm formation in some industries than in others. Based on cross-sectional data on all Swedish municipalities in 2009, a series of OLS regressions are estimated to test if variables used to describe the bank market in a municipality are related with the new firm formation rate, both in total and in different industry categories. The results show that the number of bank branches per capita is positively related with the total new firm formation rate. In regards to the inter-industry differences, the findings indicate that local access to banks is more important for new firm formation in some industries than in others.

本文選取六個東南亞國家(泰國、印尼、菲律賓、柬埔寨、越南、馬來西亞)中105家本土以及外資銀行的財報資料，樣本期間為2005年至2013年，唯各國之研究期間不相同，是為不平衡追蹤資料的研究模型。本文期望藉由多元迴歸分析探討兩個問題:(一) 外資銀行占比的提升(下降)對於本土銀行獲利能力的影響；(二)外資銀行之績效是否顯著優於(劣於)本土銀行。 本研究的實證結論可歸納如下：(一)外資銀行的資產占比與本土銀行的資產報酬率(ROA)與股東權益報酬率(ROE)呈顯著負相關，與淨利息收益率(NIM)則呈顯著正相關；(二)外資銀行的淨利息收益率顯著優於本土銀行，資產報酬率和股東權益報酬率皆沒有顯著的差異；(三)在研究外資銀行占比的提升(下降)對於本土銀行獲利能力的影響時，自變數採用外資銀行家數占比結果較採用外資銀行資產占比不顯著。 / Using data from both country and bank level in 6 Southeast Asia Countries from 2005 to 2013, this paper examines the performance of foreign and domestic banks. The structure of data is unbalanced panel data. Our goal is to know whether the share of foreign banks impacts the performance of local banks, and whether foreign banks outperform or underperform local banks. By regression analysis, we conclude that foreign banks asset share is negatively correlated with domestic banks’ ROA and ROE, but positively correlated with domestic banks’ NIM. Furthermore, foreign banks outperform domestic banks in terms of NIM, while there is no significant difference between foreign and domestic banks in terms of ROA and ROE. We also find that when measuring the impact of foreign banks share, foreign banks asset share is more significant than foreign banks number share.