Orientador: Élson Luciano Silva Pires / Banca: Sílvia Selingardi-Sampaio / Banca: Claudete de Castro Silva Vitte / Resumo: A presente dissertação aborda, por meio de ampla revisão teórica e estudo empírico, a relação entre as noções de território e competitividade ao considerar que o sucesso das empresas na atualidade está relacionado a elementos específicos das regiões e localidades onde estão inseridas, através de seus recursos, organizações, instituições e externalidades. Para tanto, a noção de Arranjo Produtivo Local (APL) se coloca como instrumento de intercâmbio entre a busca de competitividade e a base territorial da atividade econômica, articulando os atores locais em estratégias coletivas para fortalecimento da competitividade do ambiente de negócios, sendo evidente tal relação no Circuito das Malhas do sul de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de região formada por pequenos municípios especializados na produção de artigos de vestuário em pequenas malharias, produção voltada predominantemente para o mercado nacional. A hipótese aventada é que a configuração sócioprodutiva do Circuito se aproxima muito da idéia de Arranjo produtivo local em fase de consolidação por conta do aglomerado de empresas ali existentes e do arcabouço institucional que as serve. Por fim, propõe-se um estudo da competitividade territorial, abordando as estratégias concorrenciais da região para uso de recursos específicos do território, à luz das categorias principais definidoras da moderna competitividade. / Abstract: The present dissertation treats, by means of ample theoretical revision and empirical study, the relationship between the notions of territory and competitiveness when considering that the economic success of the companies in the present time is related to specific elements of regional localities where they are inserted through its resources, organizations, institutions and externalities. This way, the notion of Local Productive Arrangements (APL) takes place as instrument of interchange between the search of competitiveness and the territorial base of the economic activity, articulating the local actors in common strategies for stress of business-oriented competitiveness of the environment, being latent such relationship in Minas Gerais south Circuit Tourist of Knitted clothes. This is a region formed of small cities that had been specialized in clothes production to be sold in small shops, directed specially to the national market. The hypothesis is that the partner-productive configuration of the Circuit approaches to the idea of Local Productive Arrangement in consolidation phase, for account of the accumulation of these existing companies and partner-institutional bases being settled. Finally, a study of the "territorial competitiveness" is considered, approaching the strategies of concurrence of the region to the use of specific resources of the territory by defining the main categories of the modern competitiveness. / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-01-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:36:24Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 fuini_ll_me_rcla.pdf: 1250437 bytes, checksum: 246aa19e54cf6cfe1cce2acc942d50f1 (MD5) / A presente dissertação aborda, por meio de ampla revisão teórica e estudo empírico, a relação entre as noções de território e competitividade ao considerar que o sucesso das empresas na atualidade está relacionado a elementos específicos das regiões e localidades onde estão inseridas, através de seus recursos, organizações, instituições e externalidades. Para tanto, a noção de Arranjo Produtivo Local (APL) se coloca como instrumento de intercâmbio entre a busca de competitividade e a base territorial da atividade econômica, articulando os atores locais em estratégias coletivas para fortalecimento da competitividade do ambiente de negócios, sendo evidente tal relação no Circuito das Malhas do sul de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de região formada por pequenos municípios especializados na produção de artigos de vestuário em pequenas malharias, produção voltada predominantemente para o mercado nacional. A hipótese aventada é que a configuração sócioprodutiva do Circuito se aproxima muito da idéia de Arranjo produtivo local em fase de consolidação por conta do aglomerado de empresas ali existentes e do arcabouço institucional que as serve. Por fim, propõe-se um estudo da competitividade territorial, abordando as estratégias concorrenciais da região para uso de recursos específicos do território, à luz das categorias principais definidoras da moderna competitividade. / The present dissertation treats, by means of ample theoretical revision and empirical study, the relationship between the notions of territory and competitiveness when considering that the economic success of the companies in the present time is related to specific elements of regional localities where they are inserted through its resources, organizations, institutions and externalities. This way, the notion of Local Productive Arrangements (APL) takes place as instrument of interchange between the search of competitiveness and the territorial base of the economic activity, articulating the local actors in common strategies for stress of business-oriented competitiveness of the environment, being latent such relationship in Minas Gerais south Circuit Tourist of Knitted clothes. This is a region formed of small cities that had been specialized in clothes production to be sold in small shops, directed specially to the national market. The hypothesis is that the partner-productive configuration of the Circuit approaches to the idea of Local Productive Arrangement in consolidation phase, for account of the accumulation of these existing companies and partner-institutional bases being settled. Finally, a study of the territorial competitiveness is considered, approaching the strategies of concurrence of the region to the use of specific resources of the territory by defining the main categories of the modern competitiveness.

Avec le développement d’un tourisme pas toujours maîtrisé par les populations locales, les territoires insulaires de Méditerranée sont soumis à d’importantes pressions, qu’elles soient foncières et immobilières, environnementales, économiques ou encore socioculturelles avec notamment la recomposition des sociétés locales liée aux migrations. Face à ces risques, on pourrait attendre des communautés insulaires qu’elles réagissent et s’organisent, et ce d’autant plus que les îles semblent constituer a priori des territoires, si l’on se base sur les postulats de leurs frontières géographiques déterminées, de leur homogénéité socioculturelle, de leur cohésion identitaire et de leurs liens de solidarité traditionnels. Cependant, les mutations relativement importantes de ces dernières décennies ont entraîné une distension de ces liens tout en favorisant l’émergence de nouveaux conflits liés notamment à des appropriations et des visions différenciées du devenir touristique des territoires insulaires. Cette thèse a pour but d’étudier les conditions d’émergence d’une gouvernance partagéedu tourisme dans deux territoires insulaires méditerranéens, l’un en Corse -la Castagniccia Mare è Monti -et l’autre en Crète -le dème de Sitia -, dans la perspective d’une meilleure maîtrise par les sociétés locales d’un développement touristique qui soit soutenable pour le territoire. L’une des composantes majeures de ce travail de recherche a consisté en la conception et l’expérimentation, dans les territoires d’étude, d’un processus participatif pour l'identification, la mobilisation et l’action coordonnée des personnes concernées, suivant trois étapes opérationnelles: la première étape a consisté en un croisement des trajectoires touristiques et des dynamiques organisationnelles de nos deux territoires d’étude, replacées dans leur contexte insulaire régional, afin de mieux comprendre quels pouvaient être les enjeux et les conflits liés au déploiement des activités touristiques. La seconde étape avait pour fonction d’identifier,de collecter et de comprendre quelles étaient les points de vue et positions des personnes concernées quant aux dynamiques et perspectives touristiques de leurs territoires. Enfin, la troisième et dernière étape avait pour objectif d’ouvrir un espace de négociation entre les personnes concernées pour la co-construction d’une vision partagée du devenir touristique de leurs territoires. / The islands of the Mediterranean area are confronted to a massive tourism development which is not systematically well-controlled by their local societies. The issues and pressures related to the touristic development are various and significant, including land pressure linked to real estatespeculation, environmental damages, socioeconomic vulnerability, and the fragmentation of the socio-cultural cohesion due to the restructuration of local societies linked to migrations. Facing such important issues, we could expect from island communitiesthat they would react and organize themselves, especially since islands appear to be archetypical local territories if we consider their natural boundaries, their socio-cultural homogeneity, their cohesive identity and their traditional links and solidarity. However, major mutations in the last decades have resulted in distension of these links while fostering the emergence of new conflicts revealing differentiated appropriations and visions of the touristic future of their island territories.This PhD thesis aims to study the conditions for the emergence of a shared governance of tourism in two Mediterranean island territories, one in Corsica -the Castagniccia Mare è Monti -and one in Crete -the dimos of Sitia -, that could support the empowerment of local societies for the management of a touristic development that could be sustainable for their territories. The central action of the present research was to design and experiment a participative process in the study areas, for the identification, mobilization and coordinated action of the concerned persons. This action included three operational stages: the first step was to realize a cross-study of both tourist trajectories and organizational dynamics of our two study areas, within their insular regional context, to better understand what might be the challenges and conflicts linked to tourism development. The second step was to identify, collect and understand the point of views and positions of the concerned persons about tourism dynamics and perspectives of their territories. The third and final step was to start a negotiation process between the concerned persons in order for them to co-build a shared vision of the tourism future in their territories.