The most common approaches to arranged Poetic Collection are the chronological and the bibliographical orders, that is, the ones that privileges a book that normally would be called an anthology: the arrangements of poems following the order of the compositions of the poems (chronological), or the order of previous publications (bibliographical). "El corazón del instante" (The Heart of the Instant, 1998) by the Mexican poet Alberto Blanco (Mexico City, 1951) is a collection of twelve books of poems in one volume. The books in the collection --or the “chapters”, as Alberto Blanco call them in his “Introductory Note” of the book --are presented not in a bibliographical or chronological order, but in accordance to an order that the poet imposed to the book himself. The structural proposal of the book contradicts the definition of any “normal” anthology. In order to approach a book of such nature, we would use and apply the concept of “contextural poetics”, introduced by Neil Fraistat in his book "Poems in Their Place (The Intertextuality and Order of Poetic Collections)", published in 1986. This approach suggest that a PoetryCollection or a simple Book of Poems should be able to be read as one long and single poem. Some of the key concepts of my investigation are already listed in the subtitle of the book: “Intertextuality” and “Order”, and we would like to add “Context”. The concept of “contextural poetics” is explain by Fraistat as the resultant of the context of the book where the poems are reunited, the interaction among poems, and the “contexture” that derives from that interaction. Many critics claim that in every long poem has to exist some kind of narrative, idea that brings other important concepts that we have to approach, like long poem, poetic sequences and poetic series that would complement our study. We believe that the book "Libertad bajo Palabra [1935-1957]" by Octavio Paz, in the critical edition of Enrico Mario Santí, is the implicit model of "El corazón del instante". Our goal is to try to determine what is "El corazón del instante", because in the “Introductory Note” the poets claim that the book is not an anthology, but a “complete cycle of poems”. That is what we would try to find out: what is “a complete cycle of poems”.

Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2014-10-02T21:21:42Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Caroline Tavares da Silva - 2012.pdf: 1055978 bytes, checksum: d2a7767d7a1f7ab754c56a1229fd4812 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2014-10-02T21:28:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Caroline Tavares da Silva - 2012.pdf: 1055978 bytes, checksum: d2a7767d7a1f7ab754c56a1229fd4812 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-02T21:28:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Caroline Tavares da Silva - 2012.pdf: 1055978 bytes, checksum: d2a7767d7a1f7ab754c56a1229fd4812 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-03 / he present dissertation is about the long poem as a genre problem and style by the epic and the lyric, having as object, to develop the theme, three long poems from Gerardo Mello Mourão: Susana, “Suíte do couro ou louvação do couro” (“The leather’s suite or the leather’s laudation”) e “O País dos mourões” (“The country of Mourões”). To start our research, we start from the concept that the history of the long poem was linked to the history of epic and medieval poem until the emerging of Romantism – when the epic united itself to the lyric one (HEGEL, 1997, p. 551). In fact, before Romantism, the long poem was actually the epic poem, cause the classic authors, and the ones before them, was attached to the form to make their poems and the traditional form for a long poem was the epic. The romantic poets broke with the classic formalism, cause they sing about the feelings they are having, wich means, there is an immersion of the subject on the poetic discourse and the used for is a consequence of this. After that, they can composse poems in anyway they want to, with the propose to express the feelings of the moment. Because of that, we consider the long poem, as we know, as a product of Romantism, created from the broke to the classic formalism. / O presente trabalho refere-se ao poema longo como um problema de gênero e estilo pelo épico e pelo lírico, tendo como objetos, para discorrer sobre o tema, três poemas longos de Gerardo Mello Mourão: Susana, “Suíte do couro ou louvação do couro” e “País dos mourões”. Para iniciar nossa pesquisa partimos da concepção de que a história do poema longo esteve vinculada à da poesia épica e medieval até o surgimento do Romantismo – quando o épico se imiscuiu de características do gênero lírico (HEGEL, 1997, p. 551). Na verdade, antes do Romantismo o poema longo era de fato o poema épico, pois os clássicos (ou seja, os poetas do Classicismo) e os que os precederam prendiam-se à forma para a feitura de seus poemas e a forma tradicional para um poema longo era o poema épico. Os românticos rompem com o formalismo clássico, pois cantam o sentimento que têm, ou seja, há uma imersão do sujeito no discurso poético e a forma usada é uma consequência dessa imersão. A partir daí, eles passam a compor poemas da maneira e na forma que lhes convenha, com o único objetivo de expressar o sentimento a que são acometidos no momento. Por esse motivo, consideramos que o poema longo, como o conhecemos na contemporaneidade, é um fruto do Romantismo, criado a partir do rompimento com o formalismo clássico.

Les États-Unis n’ont eu de cesse d’attendre depuis Emerson le grand chef d’œuvre national qui célèbrerait le destin d’exception de la jeune démocratie et affranchirait la littérature et la langue américaines de la tutelle du vieux continent. Cette tâche ne pouvait incomber à l’épopée dont on a pu juger qu’elle était inapte à décrire le monde contemporain et qu’elle contredisait une modernité poétique de l’intensité lyrique. La renaissance spectaculaire du « long poème » américain au cours des XIXe et XXe siècle ne peut donc s’inscrire dans la filiation de « formes » jugées obsolètes. Elle paraît d’ailleurs d’autant plus problématique qu’après avoir été rapportée au lyrisme démocratique de Walt Whitman, le « long poème » fut approprié par T.S. Eliot et Ezra Pound et assimilée aux excès d’un « high modernism » autoritaire, élitiste et systématique. C’est ainsi que la critique n’est parvenue à rendre compte paradoxalement de cette « forme » qu’en la niant, confirmant ainsi son illisibilité : le long poème ne pouvait être qu’un recueil de poèmes courts, un chef d’œuvre ruiné ou une parodie de la pensée systématique et de l’exceptionnalisme américain. En étudiant « A » de Louis Zukofsky, Paterson de William Carlos William et les Maximus Poems de Charles Olson, je vise à démontrer qu’il est au contraire possible de lire cette forme en tant que telle sans avoir recours à des typologies génériques ou à la dichotomie modernisme/postmodernisme. Je tenterai aussi de suggérer que, dans ces trois œuvres, la poésie se conçoit comme une activité en devenir qui tente modestement d’articuler le poème au monde, au temps et à la lecture. / Ever since Emerson the United-States have been expecting the great national masterpiece that would not only celebrate the unique destiny of this young democracy but would also free American language and literature from the European model. However, it did not seem that it was for the epic poem to accomplish this task given that it appeared not only ill-suited to describe the modern world but also incompatible with the demands of a poetic modernity predicated on lyrical intensity. Hence, the planned obsolescence of this “form” has made it all the more difficult to explain the spectacular rebirth of the “American long poem” in the 19th and 20th centuries. It has appeared all the more problematic since, after having been associated to Walt Whitman’s democratic lyricism, the “long poem” was appropriated by T.S. Eliot and Ezra Pound making it the symbol of the authoritarian, elitist and systematic tendencies of “high modernism”. It will thus come as no surprise that the critical community has tended to view the “long poem” negatively confirming in a way its illegibility: the “long poem” could only be viewed as a short lyric sequence, an impossible masterpiece or a parody of systematic thought and American exceptionalism. In undertaking this study of Louis Zukofsky’s “A”, William Carlos William’s Paterson and Charles Olson’s Maximus Poems I wish to demonstrate that it is possible to read the “long poem” as such without having to resort to generic categories and to the modern/postmodern dichotomy. I also hope to show that, in these three works, poetry is understood as a kind of ongoing activity which modestly attempts to articulate the poem to the world, time and reading.