Thesis (Ed. D.)--University of La Verne, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 184-191).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2003. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 149-160).

Working memory and long-term memory are two types of memory associated with children’s learning and academic performance. A number of memory models have suggested there is a relationship between working memory and long-term memory; however, there is a lack of empirical research measuring this relationship using standardized assessment tools. Further, there are currently no studies measuring this relationship in children. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between children’s working memory (i.e., verbal working memory, visual-spatial working memory, verbal short-term memory, visual-spatial short-term memory, and the central executive) and long-term memory, using standardized assessment tools. The Automated Working Memory Assessment was used to measure working memory and the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities – Third Edition was used to measure long-term memory. This study utilized secondary data from a larger SSHRC funded study. Participants included 41 children between grades 1 and 8. The majority of parents who volunteered to have their children participate identified them as having a disability (e.g., speech/language difficulty; learning disability). Kendall’s tau-b revealed statistically significant correlations between four areas of working memory (i.e., verbal working memory, visual-spatial working memory, visual-spatial short-term memory, and central executive) and long-term memory. Mann-Whitney tests revealed children with higher working memory abilities differed significantly from children with lower working memory abilities on measures of long-term memory. The findings from this study may have implications for both theory and practice. The relationship observed between working memory and long-term memory appears to align with widely accepted memory models (e.g., Baddeley, 2000; Dehn, 2008). The findings also suggest interventions designed to improve children’s working memory may have the potential to enhance long-term memory abilities.

Thesis ( Ph.D.) -- McMaster University, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available via World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--McMaster University, 2003. / Advisor: Ron Racine. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [121]-135). Also available via World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 152-163). Also available online in Scholars' Bank; and in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1999. / Bibliography: leaves 66-73.

Η Κινάση του Αναπλαστικού Λεμφώματος(Alk) είναι ένας υποδοχέας κινάσης τυροσίνης(RTK)ο οποίος εμπλέκεται σε διάφορες μορφές καρκίνου στον άνθρωπο, και η λειτουργικότητά του δεν έχει διαλευκανθεί πλήρως. Γνωρίζουμε ότι, ο υποδοχέας dAlk εκφράζεται ευρέως στο ΚΝΣ των ενήλικων μυγών και ιδιαίτερα στα μισχοειδή σωμάτια της Drosophila melanogaster, νευρωνικές δομές απαραίτητες για τις διεργασίες της μνήμης και της μάθησης. Στόχος της διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η διερεύνηση του ρόλου του υποδοχέα dAlk και του προσδέτη του Jeb στην μνήμη μακράς διαρκείας(LTM)και ο καθορισμός του υποσυνόλου των νευρώνων στους οποίους παράγεται τόσο το Alk όσο και ο προσδέτης του Jeb. Για την διεξαγωγή των πειραμάτων χρησιμοποιήθηκαν γενετικές μέθοδοι και συμπεριφορικές μελέτες στην Drosophila melanogaster. / The Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Alk is implicated in several human cancers, but with many unknown functions.It has already been demonstrated that the receptor Alk is widely expressed in the central nervous system of adult flies and especially in the Mushroom Bodies, neuronal structures essential for learning and memory. The main purpose of my undergraduate thesis is to elucidate the role of the receptor Alk and its ligand Jeb in Long Term Memory. Moreover, we focused on finding the specific subset of neurons in which the RTK dAlk and its ligand Jeb are produced.For this research we used genetic tools alongwith behavioural techniques.

The motivation of this thesis is to provide a basic framework for treating long-range cross-correlated processes while keeping the methodology and as- sumptions as general as possible. Starting from the definition of long-range cross-correlated processes as jointly stationary processes with asymptotically power-law decaying cross-correlation function, we show that such definition implies a divergent at origin cross-power spectrum and power-law scaling of covariances of partial sums of the long-range cross-correlated processes. Chap- ter 2 describes these and other basic definitions and propositions together with necessary proofs. Chapter 3 then introduces several processes which possess long-range cross-correlated series properties. Apart from cases when the mem- ory parameter of the bivariate memory is a simple average of the parameters of the separate processes, we also introduce a new kind of process, which we call the mixed-correlated ARFIMA, which allows to control for both the bi- variate and univariate memory parameters. Chapter 4 deals with tests for a presence of long-range cross-correlations. We develop three new tests, and Monte-Carlo-simulation-based statistical power and size of the tests are com- pared. The newly introduced tests strongly surpass the already existing one. In Chapter 5,...

xiii, 163 p. : ill. (some col.) A print copy of this title is available through the UO Libraries under the call number: KNIGHT QP360.5 .B79 2008 / The ability to rapidly change from one course of action to another, i.e. "flexible behavior", is a hallmark of human cognition. Laboratory observations of switch costs, an increase in reaction time and errors when alternating between tasks compared to repeating a task, have been argued to be a measure of endogenous control during flexible behavior. However, alternative models suggest no such reconfiguration processes are necessary to account for performance in these task-switching situations. The first part of this dissertation uses neuroimaging to address whether reconfiguration processes do in fact occur in the explicit cuing variant of the task-switching paradigm. Using a 4:2 mapping between cues and tasks, we found neuroanatomical evidence for a dissociation between cue-switch (left prefrontal and lateral parietal) and task-switch (medial precuneus and cerebellar) related areas, consistent with the claim of endogenous control during task selection. The second portion explores whether automatic, long-term memory (LTM) processes can explain the "switch cost asymmetry", the fact that switch costs are larger when switching into a dominant task rather than into a competing non-dominant task. We modified an alternating runs task-switching paradigm to include either long or short response-to-stimulus intervals (RSIs) after each pair of trials (i.e., AA-AA-BB-BB), thereby inducing selection costs not only at the point of a task-switch (i.e., AA-BB), but also between same-task pairs (i.e., AA-AA). Using spatially compatible versus incompatible response rules and Stroop word versus color naming, we found asymmetric effects not only at task-change transitions, but also at task-repeat transitions when the RSI was long (presumably inducing frequent losses of task set). In two additional experiments, an asymmetry for long RSIs was obtained even when competing tasks were separated into alternating single task blocks, but not when the tasks were compared in a between-subject design. This pattern supports the idea that the asymmetry arises from interference effects occurring in LTM traces. The combined results of this dissertation characterize task-switching processes not as an "either-or" phenomenon in regards to the question of control, but rather as the interplay between top-down, executive functions and bottom-up, long-term memory priming mechanisms. / Adviser: Ulrich Mayr