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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Aplica??o da ecologia de paisagem para a implanta??o de corredores ecol?gicos no municipio de Concei??o do Mato Dentro, Minas Gerais

Salom?o, Nat?lia Viveiros 17 August 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-03-09T17:35:13Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) natalia_viveiros_salomao.pdf: 2312588 bytes, checksum: 733919ffcb929e3dc1d52793e03adbc8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-03-30T16:37:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) natalia_viveiros_salomao.pdf: 2312588 bytes, checksum: 733919ffcb929e3dc1d52793e03adbc8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-30T16:37:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) natalia_viveiros_salomao.pdf: 2312588 bytes, checksum: 733919ffcb929e3dc1d52793e03adbc8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / As altera??es na estrutura da paisagem provocadas pelo homem ou por agentes naturais determinam o objetivo fundamental da ecologia da paisagem. Os impactos no solo s?o consideradas as principais causas da perda da biodiversidade, pois s?o respons?veis pela perda e fragmenta??o de habitats. A implanta??o de corredores ecol?gicos ? uma estrat?gia para minimizar os processos de degrada??o de fragmentos florestais e garantir a conserva??o de esp?cies e ecossistemas. O objetivo desse trabalho ? analisar e determinar ?reas suscept?veis ? implanta??o de corredores ecol?gicos, ligando essas ?reas ao Parque Estadual Serra do Intendente, a fim de garantir a conserva??o dos dom?nios brasileiros Cerrado e Mata Atl?ntica, no munic?pio de Concei??o do Mato Dentro, Minas Gerais. Para tanto, primeiramente, foi realizada a din?mica da vegeta??o da ?rea de estudo entre os anos de 1979 e 2015, a partir da matriz de transi??o. Para a confec??o da matriz, foi realizada a classifica??o visual do mosaico de fotografias a?reas de 1979 e a classifica??o supervisionada de uso e ocupa??o do solo da imagem de sat?lite LANDSAT 8 de 2015. Ambas as classifica??es resultaram em tr?s classes de vegeta??o, sendo elas herb?cea, arbustiva e arb?rea. Ap?s a an?lise da din?mica da vegeta??o, foi realizada a an?lise da estrutura da ?rea, calculando-se as m?tricas de paisagem: m?tricas da ?rea (?rea da paisagem e porcentagem da paisagem), m?tricas de fragmentos (n?mero dos fragmentos), m?tricas de borda (raz?o entre ?rea e total de bordas), m?tricas de forma (tamanho e forma dos fragmentos) e m?tricas do vizinho mais pr?ximo (conectividade entre os fragmentos). A an?lise da din?mica da vegeta??o resultou em uma redu??o da vegeta??o arb?rea e um crescimento da vegeta??o herb?cea e arbustiva. J? a an?lise da estrutura resultou em uma maior fragmenta??o, maior n?mero de fragmentos irregulares, maior total de bordas e redu??o da conectividade entre os fragmentos. Para definir as ?reas de implanta??o dos corredores ecol?gicos, foi analisado o potencial ecol?gico e estrutural da paisagem. Para a confec??o do mapa de potencial ecol?gico determinaram-se as vari?veis e seus pesos, sendo os maiores pesos para as vari?veis vegeta??o e hidrografia, somando ambos 80% do total e os menores pesos para as vari?veis altitude e declividade, somando ambos 20% do total. A confec??o do mapa de potencial estrutural foi de acordo com o c?lculo das m?tricas da classe, sendo elas: m?dia da ?rea do fragmento, m?dia do formato dos fragmentos, m?dia do total de bordas e m?dia da conectividade. Assim, os resultados conclu?ram que ?reas pr?ximas aos corpos d??gua, com menor total de bordas e maior conectividade entre os fragmentos eram ?reas mais favor?veis aos corredores, j? que garantiam o equil?brio e conserva??o das esp?cies nativas, favorecendo o fluxo g?nico e a desfragmenta??o dessas ?reas. O presente trabalho demonstrou que a ?rea de estudo, embora fragmentada, apresentou cobertura vegetal acima de 60% e, portanto, o habitat encontra-se conservado, ressaltando-se a import?ncia de se conhecer a ?rea tanto estrutural quanto ecologicamente, a fim de garantir um bom resultado nas pr?ticas conservacionistas. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016. / Changes in the structure of man-made landscape or natural agents determine the fundamental goal of landscape ecology. The impacts on soil are considered the main causes of loss of biodiversity because they are responsible for the loss and fragmentation of habitats. The establishment of ecological corridors is a strategy to minimize the degradation processes of forest fragments and ensure the conservation of species and ecosystems. The objective of this work is to analyze and determine areas susceptible to implementation of ecological corridors, linking these areas to the Parque Estadual Serra do Intendente, in order to ensure the conservation of the Atlantic forest and Cerrado biomes in the municipality of Concei??o do Mato Dentro, Minas Gerais. To do so, first was conducted the dynamics of the study area between the years of 1979 and 2015 from the visual classification of the mosaic of photographs 1979 areas and supervised classification of soil use and occupation of the LANDSAT satellite image 8 of 2015. Both ratings resulted in three classes of vegetation, shrubby, arboreal and herbaceous. For the analysis of structural dynamics, used the landscape metrics: metrics of the area (landscape area and percentage of the landscape), fragments metrics (number of fragments), edge metrics (ratio of area and perimeter and full of edges), so metrics (size and shape of the fragments) and metrics of the nearest neighbor (connectivity between the fragments). Analysis of the structure has resulted in a greater fragmentation, a greater number of irregular fragments, the larger total of edges and reduced connectivity among the fragments. To set the deployment areas of ecological corridors, was analyzed the potential structural and ecological landscape. For the preparation of a map of ecological potential was the biggest weights for classes of vegetation and hydrography, adding both 80% of the total and the smallest weights to the altitude and slope classes, adding both 30% of the total. For the preparation of a map of structural potential, was analyzed the metrics of the classes of the fragment area landscape, the average shape of the fragments, the average total of edges and average of connectivity. Thus, the results concluded that areas close to water bodies, with less total of borders and greater connectivity between the shards were most favourable to the halls, as guaranteed the balance and conservation of native species, favoring the gene flow and the defragmentation of these areas. It appears in this work that the though fragmented area, features cover above 60%, and therefore, the habitat is maintained. In addition, it is necessary to know the structural area as ecologically, in order to ensure a good result in conservation practices.

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