Thesis (M.S.)--Pennsylvania State University, 2008. / Mode of access: World Wide Web.

Influence behaviors have generally been affected by personality. In organizational research, Machiavellianism has commonly been defined as the need to develop and defend one¡¦s power and success. Thus, Machiavellianism more likely that personality may predict use of these influence tactics. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships of Machiavellianism and upward influence tactics, and examine the moderating effect of demographic variables. This study selected 2828 business employee to answer the questionnaire, and there are 2761 copies valid return. A factor analysis, there are five dimensions of upward influence tactics: upward device, rational persuasion, impression management, ingratiation and pressure. The result showed that (1) there are hypotheses supported for strongly positive relationship between Machiavellianism and upward influence tactics, (2) the moderating effect of demographic variables were partly supported in this study.

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This work presented the question: to what extent did each period and its events have on the development of the various schools of thought concerning Niccolo Machiavelli. The age of Reformation in its quest for theological purity gave birth to the myth of the evil Machiavelli. The Enlightenment, a period which sought reason and science, founded the myth of the scientific Machiavelli. The eruption of nationalism in the nineteenth century created Machiavelli, the patriot, and this was quickly followed in the twentieth century, an age of unrest, by the rebirth of all previous interpretations. These schools of thought developed as much from the changing tide of events as from the scholarly research of the writers. One of the reasons for the diversity of the Machiavellian literature was that each writer sought his antecedents on the basis of myth rather than where it might realistically be found. Machiavelli and Machiavellianism were abused and misused because modern man did not know himself. He viewed his origin incorrectly and thus could rest on no one explanation for himself or -Machiavelli. Machiavellianism developed from a collection of myths, each started in an attempt to explain the unexplainable, man. Not Machiavelli's politics, but what man appeared to be in them, was the drawing power of Machiavelli's work. What Machiavelli meant to say or did not mean to say was unimportant when compared to what scholars believed him to have said.

This research is based on the framework of revision model proposed by Ferris et al. (2002), discussing the influence organization politics consciousness to staff's from Machiavellianism personality tendency and the tenure of the work and the opportunity of promotion in working department and the career development plan. It takes 130th staffs of 40 organization in Taiwan as the research object. 2133 copies of questionnaire have been issued and 1,940 copies have been taken back, the returns-ratio reaches 91.0%. After rejecting 50 invalid copies, the effective volume is 1,890, and effective returns-ratio is 88.6%. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, item analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, factor analysis and hierarchical linear model. The major resultsof this study are as fallowing: 1. Machiavellianism has a significant effect on perceptions of organizational politics. 2. Tenure has no effect on perceptions of organizational politics. 3. Promotion opportunity has no effect on perceptions of organizational politics. 4. Career Development has a significant effect on perceptions of organizational politics. 5. Promotion opportunity has no moderate effect on the relationship between Machiavellianism and perceptions of organizational politics. 6. Career development has no moderate effect on the relationship between Machiavellianism and perceptions of organizational politics. 7. Promotion opportunity has no moderate effect on the relationship between tenure and perceptions of organizational politics. 8. Career development has no moderate effect on the relationship between tenure and perceptions of organizational politics.

Social aggression is defined as a set of behaviors directed towards damaging another individual’s self-esteem or social status and may include direct forms such as verbal rejection, negative facial expressions or gestures, or more indirect means such as rumor spreading or social exclusion (Galen & Underwood, 1997). Previous research demonstrates that social aggression and self-reported empathy have a negative linear relationship, and that social aggression is positively correlated with the ability to effectively navigate varied social contexts (a subset of Machiavellianism, or a manipulative beliefs and strategies towards others; Wilson, Near, & Miller, 1996). Despite this evidence, few researchers have investigated the relationships among all three of these variables (empathy, social aggression, and social navigation) (Bjorkqvist, Osterman, & Kaukiainen, 2000; Kaukiainen et al., 1999). This study examines whether social aggression is correlated with Machiavellianism, or a manipulative orientation to others, and if this relationship is contingent upon the child’s self- reported level of empathy. It is hypothesized that children’s levels of Machiavellianism are related to the use of social aggression, but the strength of this relationship will vary according to level of empathy. Therefore, empathy is proposed to serve as a moderator of the relationship between Machiavellianism and social aggression. The investigator also conducted additional exploratory analyses using a portion of the sample identified by school records as Hispanic. The same relationships are explored with this portion of the sample to determine whether this population is unique with respect to these relationships. Using this portion of the sample, intercorrelations among the variables are reported as well. A sample of 280, nine- to 13-year-old students from a school district outside a metropolitan area participated. Each one completed instruments designed to measure social aggression, empathy, Machiavellianism, and acculturation. The results indicated that there was no linear relationship between Machiavellianism and social aggression, and further, there is no moderating effect of empathy. An exploratory analysis with Hispanic participants (n = 217) suggests the relationship between Machiavellianism and social aggression, and non-significant role of empathy as a moderator, do not differ for Hispanic and non-Hispanic participants. Interestingly, acculturation is positively correlated with social aggression and negatively correlated with empathy, suggesting that as children become more oriented to US culture, they are more likely to engage in social aggression and report lower overall levels of empathy. These findings contribute uniquely to the literature, and further, provide new information on these constructs using a Hispanic sample. Implications for intervention and future research are discussed. / text

Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1994. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 40-43). Also available via the Internet.

Thesis (M.S.)--Southern Utah University, 2009. / Title from PDF title page. "Master's thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master's in Forensic Science." Jeff Elison, PhD [Graduate Committee Chair] Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-54).

Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Queensland, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references.

The purpose of this study was to explore the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) orientations of future healthcare professionals and their relative viewpoint of CSR in terms of Socioeconomic or Classical. The study also sought to determine the nature and the strength of relationships between CSR orientations and Machiavellian tendencies. To conduct the study, 162 future health care professionals enrolled in varying healthcare- related programs at an accredited university were surveyed. Findings from the study indicated a linear relationship between an individual's CSR orientation, CSR viewpoint, and innate Machiavellian levels. The higher an individual's Machiavellian score, the more likely he or she was to fall into a CSR orientation, which is economically focused as opposed to society focused. Furthermore, the study revealed that this particular group of future healthcare professionals most often fell within the Legal and Ethical CSR orientations, and most were considered to be Low Machiavellians. Although the study indicates that this specific group of individuals tends to need social norms or legal regulations to help guide them with their CSR-related decisions, they seemingly possess a high moral compass and largely consider the good of society before profit maximization. However, these characteristics should be further molded and cultivated jointly by current healthcare leaders and academicians. Curriculum modifications and employee training programs are highly recommended. Included within should be an introspective understanding of both sides of the healthcare continuum, the patient care aspects, and the financial obligations of the organization.