Proefschrift Universiteit Maastricht. / Met index, lit. opg. - Met samenvatting in het Nederlands.

The goal of this work is to analyze systems Maven and Gradle and to compare one against the other. Whilst I was analyzing both the systems user guides in Czech language were created. To achieve the set of goals of the thesis I had to use user guides and books that were written in English as a source of information. The user guides describes the system basics, dependency management, testing and multi-project builds. Comparisons between the two systems were created from information from the user guides and personal experi-ence of the author. The practical part of the thesis contains files for build application in Maven and Gradle.

Previous studies have identified longitudinal structures associated with non-migrating tides in observations of the upper neutral atmosphere of Mars. MAVEN’s Imaging Ultraviolet Spectrometer (IUVS) observations of the upper atmosphere reveal variations in density with longitude at altitudes of 130 – 200 km, and can be used to identify non-migrating tides. These observations cover higher latitudes and allow for studying the local time variations of tides. The analysis presented here shows that the longitudinal structure attributed to non-migrating tides is dominated by wavenumber 2 and wavenumber 3 harmonics during the periods studied. Comparison with the Neutral Ion and Gas Mass spectrometer (NGIMS) shows a good agreement in wave amplitudes observed for the first two cases studied. The temperatures and 𝑂/𝐶𝑂# ratios from the IUVS L2 data files revealed an anti-correlation with the densities which confirms the theoretical interpretation from the linear wave theory. / Master of Science / There are waves internal to all fluids in our surroundings and daily lives, such as sound waves. Waves in the atmosphere are also fluid in nature. In planetary atmospheres, the scale sizes of some of these waves become comparable to the size of the planet itself. The waves interact with the structure of the surface of Mars to form a certain type of wave called “Non-migrating tides”. These waves have been observed in multiple previous studies in the upper atmosphere of Mars (~130 km and above). These waves cause the atomic and molecular content of the upper atmosphere to be displaced in a particular manner to form a unique structure. The structures formed are observed on a scale that covers the entire planet. It is by studying these structures in the upper atmosphere that it is possible to characterize the waves that control them and thereby understand their nature and impact. Understanding how these waves vary helps spacecraft to gain better control over mechanisms required to swing them into the desired orbit (location). This study uses the observations from an instrument aboard the MAVEN mission and compares it to the observations from another instrument aboard the same mission. The results of this study demonstrate that these “Non-migrating” tides play a vital role in controlling the behavior of the upper atmosphere.

L'ionosphère du côté nuit de Mars reste encore à ce jour une zone mystérieuse et peu connue de l'environnement Martien. Les déplétions d'électrons suprathermiques sont des structures spécifiques à cette région, observées jusqu'à présent par trois satellites : Mars Global Surveyor (MGS), Mars EXpress (MEX) et Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN). Leur étude permet aussi bien l'observation de la structure et de la dynamique de l'ionosphère du côté nuit que celle de l'atmosphère neutre, de la topologie magnétique martienne, ainsi que l'étude de l'échappement atmosphérique de Mars. Des structures aussi différentes que les cornets magnétiques, les couches de courants ou encore le terminateur ultra-violet peuvent être examinées à travers les déplétions d'électrons suprathermiques, de par les mécanismes à l'origine de leur présence du côté nuit de Mars. Le but principal de ma thèse a été de tirer parties des trois jeux de données offerts par les satellites MGS, MEX et MAVEN pour mieux comprendre les mécanismes à l'origine des déplétions d'électrons suprathermiques observées du côté nuit ainsi que leur impact sur la structure et la dynamique de l'ionosphère du côté nuit. Dans cette optique, trois critères simples adaptés à chaque mission ont été développés pour identifier les déplétions d'électrons suprathermiques dans une base de données allant de 1999 à 2017. Une étude statistique a révélé la présence d'une région de transition autour de 170 km d'altitude séparant la région collisionnelle dans laquelle les déplétions d'électrons suprathermiques sont directement dues à l'absorption des électrons par le CO_2 atmosphérique, et la région non-collisionnelle dans laquelle elles sont principalement dues aux boucles fermées de champs magnétique d'origine crustale. La compréhension de ces mécanismes m'a permis d'estimer la localisation du terminateur ultra-violet. Celui-ci est situé en moyenne ~120 km au-dessus du terminateur optique. Cette altitude varie entre le côté soir et le côté matin, et une variation saisonnière est prédite par les modèles atmosphériques. / The nightside ionosphere of Mars still remains an unfamiliar and mysterious place. Nightside suprathermal electron depletions are specific features of this region which have been observed at Mars by three spacecraft to date: Mars Global Surveyor (MGS), Mars EXpress (MEX) and the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) mission. Their study enables the observation of the nightside ionosphere structure and dynamics as well as the underlying neutral atmosphere, the specific Martian magnetic topology, and possible conduits for atmospheric escape. Structures as different as magnetic cusps, current sheets or the UV terminator can be investigated through suprathermal electron depletions, due to the processes leading to their observation on the nightside of Mars. The main goal of my PhD has been to use the complementarity of the three missions MGS, MEX, and MAVEN to understand the different mechanisms at the origin of suprathermal electron depletions and their implication on the structure and the dynamics of the nightside ionosphere. In this context, three simple criteria adapted to each mission have been implemented to identify suprathermal electron depletions from 1999 to 2017. A statistical study reveals a transition region near 170 km altitude separating the collisional region where suprathermal electron depletions are directly due to electron absorption by atmospheric CO_2 and the collisionless region where they are mainly due to electron exclusion by closed crustal magnetic field loops. Understanding of these phenomena enables me to estimate the location of the UV terminator. It appears to be located ~120 km above the optical terminator, though this location is different between the dawn and dusk terminator and is expected to vary throughout the different Martian seasons.

<p>Utveckling av olika typer av påbyggnadskod till programvaror blir allt vanligare. Dessa som går under samlingsnamnet plugins skiljer sig från vanliga applikationer då de har en annan struktur samt speciella beroenden till applikationsspecifika moduler. Problem uppstår när denna typ av utveckling inte stöds av de vanliga utvecklingsmiljöer som finns ute på företagen och delar som borde vara automatiserade måste utföras manuellt. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur utvecklingsmiljön för Java på Sandvik IT Services kan anpassas för att stödja plugin-utveckling för IBM Lotus Notes. I denna studie undersöks skillnaden mellan plugin-utveckling och den vanliga Java-utvecklingen på företaget samt hur detta påverkar verktygen i utvecklingsmiljön. Resultatet beskriver hur utvecklingsmiljön kan anpassas för att stödja plugin-utveckling och en lösning för detta föreslås. Slutligen visas en implementation av lösningen i form av en prototyp där utvecklingsmiljön anpassas för plugins med Maven pluginet Tycho.</p>

Utveckling av olika typer av påbyggnadskod till programvaror blir allt vanligare. Dessa som går under samlingsnamnet plugins skiljer sig från vanliga applikationer då de har en annan struktur samt speciella beroenden till applikationsspecifika moduler. Problem uppstår när denna typ av utveckling inte stöds av de vanliga utvecklingsmiljöer som finns ute på företagen och delar som borde vara automatiserade måste utföras manuellt. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur utvecklingsmiljön för Java på Sandvik IT Services kan anpassas för att stödja plugin-utveckling för IBM Lotus Notes. I denna studie undersöks skillnaden mellan plugin-utveckling och den vanliga Java-utvecklingen på företaget samt hur detta påverkar verktygen i utvecklingsmiljön. Resultatet beskriver hur utvecklingsmiljön kan anpassas för att stödja plugin-utveckling och en lösning för detta föreslås. Slutligen visas en implementation av lösningen i form av en prototyp där utvecklingsmiljön anpassas för plugins med Maven pluginet Tycho.

The problem discussed in this master's thesis is to increase the usability of aplication Classycle, especially to increase the comprehensibility of its outputs. Having studied theories of refactoring, testing, graphs and after thorough analysis of Classycle, it has been created new outputs of the application, displaying the output data in graphics form. The application has been tested with real-life data and it is ready to be deploy in company. Thanks to creation of new forms of outputs, which are discribed in practical part of master's thesis, programmer obtains a powerful tool for detection dependences between classes and packages in code.

The topic of this thesis is schedule planning for Faculty of Information Technology (FIT) BUT. Thesis describes the process of creating a schedule at FIT and the information concerning study at FIT that are pertinent to this process. It presents the design and implementation of an application designed to support schedule planning at FIT. The primary focus of this thesis is to simplify and expedite the process of checking, if the schedule being planned is correct. The product of this thesis is a functional application used for schedule planning at FIT, in conjunction with one other application.

A few years ago, the charge-transfer reaction CO2+  +  O ⟶ O+ + CO2 was investigated experimentally for the first time since the study by Fehsenfeld et al., (1970). This new investigation was conducted by Tenewitz et al., (2018). The rate coefficient k &lt; 6 × 10−13 cm3 s−1 , concluded by Tenewitz et al. (2018), differed substantially from the value of 9.6 × 10−11 cm3 s−1 reported by Fehsenfeld et al., (1970). Fox et al., (2021) showed that the old rate constants for the two channels of the CO2+  +  O interaction work much better than the new ones in reproducing chemical features of the Martian ionosphere. Here, we combine MAVEN/NGIMS and TIMED/SEE data to conduct model-observation comparisons of O+ concentrations in the dayside Martian ionosphere. We consider each orbit of the MAVEN Deep Dip 2 (DD2) campaign between 17-22 April 2015. In the model, we balance the production rate of O+ through the aforementioned charge transfer reaction and the photoionisation of O and CO2 , with the loss rate through the reaction O+ + CO2 ⟶ O2+ + CO. We find a better level of agreement between the modelled and the observed O+ concentrations— (i) towards closest approach altitudes (∼ 130 km), and (ii) when using the old rate constant instead of the new one for the charge transfer reaction CO2+ +  O ⟶ O+ + CO2 .

A market maven is a highly social consumer who engages in many discussions regarding the marketplace and has a broad general knowledge of several products throughout the marketplace. They are eager to share the knowledge with other consumers and are often sought by other consumers for their information. It has been said that the behavior of market mavens is influenced by three different motives. The first is the obligation to share information, meaning some individuals feel that it is his or her duty to become knowledgeable and more discerning consumers. A second motive could be that of pleasure in sharing information. The final possible motive is the desire to help others. What drives market mavens to gather and disseminate product information? Are their motives truly selfless in nature? I contend that market mavens’ motives are not as altruistic in nature as prior research seems to suggest. Instead, in the present research, I suggest that a deeper and more selfish personal need to form and maintain a specific social identity may be attended to through market maven behavior. Perhaps the individual performing these marketing deeds is actually seeking approval and reassurance though his or her brand purchases and their resulting knowledge of products throughout the marketplace. The research in this thesis will act to uncover possible selfish and internally focused motives of marketing mavens.